Abstract
This paper presents a review of Ngugi wa Thiong'o's novel, "The River Between", which is described as Ngugi's literary response to the Mau Mau Rebellion of the mid-1950's. The paper describes the plot as the fictional story of a tormented love affair in a rural village disrupted by the rivalry between non-Christians and Christian converts. According to the paper, Ngugi examines the historical impact of colonialism on Kenya and the difficulties of political leadership in a land torn by social and cultural divisions.

From the Paper
"Ngugi wa Thiong'o's novel, The River Between, was first published in 1965 and was Ngugi's literary response to the Mau Mau Rebellion of the mid-1950's. Through the fictional story of a tormented love affair in a rural village disrupted by the rivalry between non-Christians and Christian converts, Ngugi examines the historical impact of colonialism on Kenya and the..."

Tags:the, river, between

Abstract
The paper discusses how, in the novels "The River Between" and "Nectar in a Sieve", the characters are doing things that have application to people and cultures everywhere else on the planet. The paper describes the culture clash between the people of Makuyu and Kameno in "The River Between" and conveys the hopelessness of the terrible grinding poverty in "Nectar in a Sieve".

From the Paper
"What a reader finds immediately profound and dramatic about The River Between is the symbolism of the two mountains (ridges) laying "side by side" with a river running between. In the story, the two cultures are dead set against one another, with opposing religious beliefs and values. The culture living on the Makuyu ridge subscribes to the Christian beliefs, having been affected and greatly influenced by the British colonial indoctrination; but the tribe living on the Kameno ridge - where the story's protagonist, Waiyaki lives, wants to continue the old cultural traditions (like polytheism and circumcision). In fact Waiyaki is anxious for his circumcision to happen, notwithstanding the hideous feelings a reader gets as the author describes what it is like to be circumcised."

Tags:culture, clash, tribes, poverty, sadness, pathos

Abstract
The paper discusses Ngugi wa Thiong'o's novel, "The River Between", a
fictional story of a love affair in a rural village disrupted by the rivalry between non-Christians and Christian converts. The paper looks at how Ngugi examines the historical impact of colonialism on Kenya and the difficulties of political leadership in a land torn by social and cultural divisions. The paper looks at Thiongo's emphasis on the importance of political and social tolerance in response to human flaws and corruption in society.

From the Paper
"Through the plot, theme, and dialogue of his novel, Ngugi reveals that the protagonist Waiyaki encountered difficulties as a political leader because of a variety of political, social, and cultural factors. Two of the most difficult issues he had to deal with were the traditional tribal practice of female circumcision and the tribal divisions inevitably produced by British colonialism, which imposed European culture, social values, and religion on Kenya."

Tags:female, circumcision, tribe, divisions, culture, values, colonialism, corruption, tolerance

Abstract
This paper discusses how "Between the Acts" is Virginia Woolf's last published novel and certainly the most lyrical text of all her works. It looks at how the loose structure, the absence of a definite plot and the interspersion of verses throughout the text, enhance the lyrical quality of the book. It examines how the main achievements of the novel are the narrative form, the linguistic games and the symbolic imagery. The action spans only twenty-four hours during summer in 1939, and takes place at Pointz Hall, the home of the Olivers, where the whole village gathers to watch an annual pageant.

From the Paper
"The image the "barking monsters" as well as that of the cows that interrupt the play with their noise at one point, suggests the presence of the primitive world of the past in the modern, civilized world. The theme of the pageant staged in the book, which is in fact a comprehensive outline of the entire history of England, also underlines this idea. The sea is another important imagistic element in this novel as well as in the previous books by Woolf. Talking about the fish that is to be brought and served at the party, Isa wonders how far the see might be from their village. "

Tags:Olivers, sea, pageant

Abstract
This paper takes a look at Ngugi wa Thiong's book, 'The River Between'.
According to the paper, the book tells the tale of two rival communities, Kameno and Makuyu, which face each other and are separated only by the Honia River. The paper further discusses how these two villages are in a constant battle over conflicting myths of leadership, which have been the basis of their arguments for many generations.

From the Paper
"But the missionaries had not as yet penetrated into the hills, though they sent a number of disciples to work there," (p. 28) writes Ngugi, when explaining the newcomers. Leader of this "Livingstone" missionary is a local Gikuyu evangelist named Joshua, whose background is questionable. According to the story, he arrived in Siriana and accepted his new religion after hearing a hellfire and brimstone sermon based on the readings of Isaiah, "the white man's seer', but which is apparently spurious and embodies an anachronistic concept of the realm of the dead." (p. 13)"
"Ngugi concentrates on this indigenous minister's emotional acceptance of Christianity and how this new religion can be distorted and authoritarian. "These strong words frightened Joshua and shook his whole body; shook him to the very roots of his being. He became baptized and it was only then that he felt at peace and stopped trembling" (p 29). When released from fear, Joshua spreads the religion."

Tags:circumcision, religion, missionary, gospel, belief, traditional, african

Abstract
This paper discusses and reviews Christina Civantos' 2006 text, "Between Argentines and Arabs: Argentine Orientalism, Arab Immigrants, and the Writing of Identity," which examines the phenomenon of Orientalism specifically in a Latin American context. The paper discusses the content of the book and how Civantos presents her ideas.

From the Paper
"Orientalism was a term coined by the postcolonial theorist Edward Said to describe the reduction of Middle Eastern or East Asian culture to a kind of exotic literary trope. Said discusses this development mainly in relation to European powers and their colonial possessions, but Christina Civantos in her 2006 text Between Argentines and Arabs: Argentine Orientalism, Arab Immigrants, and the Writing of Identity examines the phenomenon of Orientalism specifically in a Latin American context. Argentina was one of the most ethnically diverse societies of Latin America. The debate over colonialism, Nationalism, Orientalism took on a unique character in the country because of its cross-section of identities. European, Indian, and Arabs were all determined to create their unique subjectivity in relation to the nation."

Tags:gaucho, culture, colonialism, identity

Abstract
This paper introduces and discusses "The River Between" by Ngugi wa Thiong'o which tells the tale of two rival communities, Kameno and Makuyu, which face each other and are separated only by the Honia River. The paper describes how these two villages are in a constant battle over conflicting myths of leadership and religion, which have been the basis of their arguments for many generations. The paper shows how Ngugi focuses on the impact of Christian missionaries on the balance of African culture.

From the Paper
"The inhabitants of the Kameno ridge have indigenous cultural traditions such as polytheism and circumcision, while those of the Makuyu ridge had already succumbed to Christianity and British colonization. This story is mainly about the conflicted relationship between two villages representing traditional African beliefs on the one side and Christianity on the other. In this novel, a mission-educated character tries unsuccessfully to synthesize the Christian worldview with the Gikuyu, even as he comes to understand the completely destructive force Christianity will have on his indigenous culture."

Tags:Mugo, wa, Kibiro, Joshua, Livingstone, Waiyaki

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the book "Between the Acts" by Virginia Woolf. The writer explains that this is another example of a book by Woolf where there is not much of a plot, but the story is based around the complexities of the characters and their inter-relations. It shows us how to read deeper into the lines in order to get a full understanding of her book.

From the Paper
"There is not very much there in Virginia Woolf's 1941 book Between the Acts. This in no way keeps it from being a marvelous work of literature; like all of her books, Between the Acts is in fact an example of a marvelous work of literature in which nearly nothing actually happens. In this book, as in Woolf's other writings, the plot is generated not so much by the things that people do or what happens to them but rather by the dynamics of the inner lives of the characters. Woolf concentrates her skills as a writer on drawing us into an examination of the psychological effects that can be achieved by putting together her characters into certain situations and then dissecting their psyches through the use of imagery, symbol, and metaphor. In Between the Acts, Woolf's characters reveal themselves to us through a continuous layering of impressions, feelings, and thoughts: Woolf rarely actually tells us anything about them at all. Not only do they not do anything, but they reveal themselves only obliquely so that we must come to understand them as reflections of ourselves."

Tags:symbolist, poetic, narrative, analysis, metaphor

Abstract
This paper presents a reflection on CS Lewis' position on heaven, hell and other religious issues in Peter Kreeft's book "Between Heaven & Hel"l. It describes Lewis' point of view as an eminently psychological one, relying on the truth or falsity of the world, embodied by the soul's feeling of "rightness" that is its way of sensing God's love.

Tags:fictional, dialogue, heaven

Abstract
This paper describes and analyzes the psychology and circumstances of the German Jews during and before the Holocaust as explained by Marion Kaplan in her book "Between Dignity and Despair".

Tags:german, jews