Abstract
A synopsis of 'Beyond Gender' and the social issues it discusses such as: gender equality, corporate downsizing, welfare, affirmative action, pay differences, and families. It analyzes each of these issues from a male and female perspective and as opposed to a paradigm. It also studies the roles of mothers and fathers in our society and how they are depicted in several textbooks. It discusses the pressing issue of why women are paid less than men.

From the Paper
"Beyond Gender by Betty Friedan covers a series of social issues that are of interest to most Americans, partly families and definitely women. Nearly 40 years ago Friedan wrote The Feminine Mystique, and this is her follow-up. Among the subjects that Friedan addresses are gender equality, corporate downsizing, welfare, affirmative action, pay differences, and families. Each of these issues were discussed in relationship to a paradigm shift: "...a change in the system that defined the problems, the models, and the methods on which a whole community ... was trained" (Friedan 1997). From a male perspective, it was a grating book to read, but full of a lot of ideas that I consider "good starts." "

Tags:bette, beyond, feminine, friedan, gender, mystique, women, social, issues

Abstract
This paper examines how in Flannery O'Conner's "Good Country People" and Doris Betts' "The Ugliest Pilgrim" symbolism is displayed in a number of ways. It confronts the symbolism behind certain objects in both stories, and reveals the true identity of the characters.

From the Paper
"In a relationship between O'Conner's own Roman Catholic religion in her position in a by and large Protestant South she relates Hulga's own relationship with God, or lack there of, to her own and how she sees the people around her "It is clear that O'Connor sees Hulga's belief system, not her missing leg, as her greatest handicap. Hulga is shut off from a proper communion with God, not because she is knowingly evil, but because she is morally smug; she thinks she has within herself everything she needs to be a functionally complete person. Essentially this boils down to an argument between Protestantism and Catholicism -- Protestantism holding that each person ultimately determines his own belief and that salvation comes wholly from a personal relationship with God, and Catholicism maintaining that salvation comes through a right relationship to God through the traditions and sacraments of His Church." "

Tags:symbol, religion, violet

Abstract
This paper looks at how Balzac used his works to express his views regarding French social life, particularly in relation to families. The paper examines "Cousin Bette", "Father Goriat," and "Lost Illusions." By using these sources, the paper demonstrates Balzac's belief that modern society, with its greed, corruption, and temptation, threatened the basic family structure, making families into monetary units of far less importance than they had been in previous days.

From the Paper
"In Cousin Bette (Balzac, 1991), the main character, Lisbeth "Bette" Fischer, is a homely, middle-aged spinster who has lived her whole life in envy of her pretty cousin Adeline, who is married to Baron Hector Hulot DErvy, a prestigious military and government official who does not make a lot of money and is a complete womanizer. Hector has a slew of mistresses, despite his wife's loyalty and devotion to him. Their daughter, Hortense, develops a crush on Bette's "boyfriend," Wenceslas Steinbock, a young Polish sculptor, and marries him, convinced that his dreams of becoming a rich artist will someday come true. Bette, still wounded by her years as the homely cousin, decides that the Hulot family has upstaged her too many times and concocts an elaborate revenge scheme."

Tags:valerie, marneffe, adrienne, daughters, anastaria, delphine, boarding, house, david, sechard, paris

Abstract
This paper discusses the common fairy tale theme of the underdog prevailing. The paper states that, in many fairy tales, this theme is underlined by the introduction of a protagonist who is regarded as weak or strange by society, but whose personal gifts not only enable him to overcome this negative self and societal impression, but also, ultimately, help him or her to deploy what at first seemed to be a negative characteristic in a positive fashion. The paper reviews the books, "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone", by J.K. Rowling, "The Year of the Boar", by Bette Lord, and "The People Could Fly", by Virginia Hamilton.

From the Paper
"However, Harry Potter's magical powers seep into the narrative framework early on over the course of the text, as Harry liberates an oppressed and confined snake from the zoo, without even intending to. This incident shows how compassion with the underdog is within Harry's heart from a young age. However, Harry must learn to control the difficulties he experiences as a wizard-in-training with practice as well as emotional intelligence, else he do harm as well as good to Muggles and other beasts. At the end of the tale, Harry has liberated his school temporarily and gained a secure place in the world as well as a more secure identity."

Tags:good, evil, make, believe

Abstract
This paper examines Anthony Lewis' "Gideon's Trumpet", which evaluates the Supreme Court case of Clarence Earl Gideon. Gideon was tried and convicted in the Fourteenth Judicial Circuit of Florida but maintained, under the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, that he was entitled to counsel by the state because he couldn't afford his own. The author points out that the case on which the Supreme Court based its ruling was 'Betts v. Brady', and that it rejected the contention that due process under the Fourteenth Amendment provided a flat guarantee of counsel in state criminal trials. The paper relates that the rule of the case is simply that a person charged with a crime anywhere in the United States has the right to counsel, a right deemed fundamental and essential to any fair trial (Sixth Amendment), and, when the person cannot afford one, the state is obligated to provide one under the Fourteenth Amendment due process clause.

From the Paper
"Ever since 'Betts' in 1942, the court struggled to apply the "special circumstances" aspect of the rule, and the legal problems inherent in the 'Betts' decision were all too evident. Professional comments on the 'Betts' decision, as maintained in law reviews following the decision, had at first been critical, and several Justices within the Supreme Court were already leaning towards its overruling. In fact, between the 'Betts' decision and the time Gideon wrote his letter, the Supreme Court held in favor of every state prisoner whose counsel claim it agreed to hear."

Tags:amendment, counsel, process, bett, justices

Abstract
This research paper examines the Sixth Amendment and the rights afforded to the indigent, more specifically, Brandon, a man that lives behind a city's auto pound. The paper explains in a brief memorandum why Brandon will or will not win his appeal on Sixth Amendment grounds, including acceptable case law to support the position taken. The paper also examines the outcome of the appeal of Brandon's case.

Outline:
Abstract
Right to Assistance of Counsel
Powell v. Alabama
Johnson v. Zerbst
Betts v. Brady and Progeny
Gideon v. Wainwright

From the Paper
"When this amendment was ratified, however, the general understanding was that the right to counsel was only meant for those who could afford to pay for the services of a lawyer. This feeling was brought about by the fact that under the "common-law principle" which had prevailed in England during the early times, a person who was accused of a serious crime was not accorded any right to counsel even if he or she could afford one. Only those who were accused of less serious crimes or misdemeanors were allowed to engage and pay for the services of a lawyer. However, the United States Supreme Court expanded the concept of right to counsel during the 1930s. "

Tags:common-law, principle, crimes, misdemeanors, constitution

Abstract
This paper provides four brief film essays that discuss a variety of topics, including the future of big-budget vs. independent films, the advent of live motion capture technology, the availability of behind-the-scenes features on DVDs, and the issue of whether or not films with intense images of violence should be edited after their release for television audiences.

From the Paper
"The prediction of George Lucas about the future of film production is overly optimistic with respect to a trend toward low-budget independent films. There have always been independent films produced in Hollywood but the major studios ..."

Tags:Hollywood, cinema, The Sixth Sense, Bette Davis, Alfred Hitchcock, Saving Private Ryan, magic, technology, movies