Abstract
The paper discusses how advancements in technology has brought about a moral controversy in regards to stem cell use for medical purposes. The paper explains that stem cell research is about how an organism develops out of a single cell and how cells replace themselves when they become damaged. The paper looks at how medical advancements in stem cell research are developing promising therapies to treat a variety of diseases such as: Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis ("Stem Cell Basics", 2008).

From the Paper
"Advancements in technology has brought about a moral controversy in regards to stem cell use for medical purposes. Stem cell research is about how an organism develops out of a single cell and how cells replace themselves when they become damaged. Medical advancements in stem cell research are developing promising therapies to treat a variety of diseases such as: Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, spinal cord injury, stroke, burns, heart disease, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis ("Stem Cell Basics", 2008). Stem cells have two characteristics that distinguish them from other..."

Tags:stem, cell, research

Abstract
The paper discusses how a sickle cell is a red blood cell that takes an abnormal shape of a sickle and becomes rigid; this condition is referred to as sickle cell disease or sickle-cell anemia. The paper relates that this illness is caused by a genetic mutation in the short arm of chromosome 11 and it is a hereditary condition passed on to the patient by both parents. The paper reveals that sickle cell disease manifests itself in a range of symptoms, causing patients much pain, damaging organs, and shortening the life span. The paper adds that there are currently no cures for it, only treatment of individual symptoms.

From the Paper
"Sickle cell is a red blood cell that takes an abnormal shape of a sickle and becomes rigid. This condition is referred to as sickle cell disease or sickle-cell anemia. The illness is caused by a genetic mutation in the short arm of chromosome 11. It is a hereditary condition passed on to the patient by both parents. Sickle cell disease manifests itself in a range of symptoms, causing patients much pain, damaging organs, and shortening the life span. There are currently no cures for it, only treatment of individual symptoms. Normal red blood cells look like doughnuts without holes and are elastic,..."

Tags:sickle, cell, disease

Abstract
This paper examines GM's hydrogen fuel cell strategy for its alternative fuel efforts. the paper asserts that while GM's fuel cell strategy for hydrogen is a laudable effort, its AUTOnomy fuel cell technology is somewhat different from the strategies and design architecture taken by some of its competitors. The paper discusses how some of the company's more prominent competitors have opted for all electric vehicles, gas-electric hybrids as well as hydrogen fuel cell technology such as Honda's in-house design. The paper posits that considering GM's current financial difficulties, the firm may find it impossible to commit substantial funds to continue developing its hydrogen fuel cell technology until it stabilizes its revenue structure, yet, the firm can also not afford to ignore this technology and alternative fuel strategy either. Therefore, the recommendation of the paper is that GM close or sell-off some of its brands and focus on partnering with other automotive manufacturers such as Honda in order to develop a network of hydrogen fuelling stations that would support the technology in practice.

From the Paper
"This document examines GM's hydrogen fuel cell strategy for its alternative fuel efforts. While GM's fuel cell strategy for hydrogen is a laudable effort, its AUTOnomy fuel cell technology is somewhat different from the strategies and design architecture taken by some of its competitors. Some of the company's more prominent competitors have opted for all electric vehicles, gas-electric hybrids as well as hydrogen fuel cell technology such as Honda's in-house design. Considering GM's current financial difficulties, the firm may find it impossible to commit..."

Tags:fuel, cell, technology

Abstract
The paper discusses embryonic stem cell research and states that the advancements in genetic engineering and genomic science are on the verge of creating a revolutionary change in our approach to treating diseases. The paper also relates that stem cell research, in particular, has created new hopes for innumerable number of people suffering from organ failure. Stem cell research has opened new vistas in the field of medicine as tissue regeneration promises new hope for millions of people who suffer from organ failure due to a variety of diseases. The paper then warns that there are some ethical and moral issues surrounding stem cell research that threaten to impede further progress in the field. The paper analyzes these and other related developments.

Outline:
Introduction
Ethical Controversies
Legal Issues
Adult Stem Cells
Umbilical Cord Stem cells
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Compared to the controversies surrounding the embryonic stem cell research, umbilical cord stem cells hold no ethical or moral dilemma. Since there is no foetus or embryo involved in the process, and the very fact that the placenta is usually a biological waste, the case for cord stem cell research is very encouraging and without any controversies. Thus far, it was believed that stem cells derived from umbilical cord, being very few in number, could hardly be used in lieu of bone marrow transplant for adults. However, an interesting characteristic of cord stem cells is that they can proliferate rapidly unlike adult stem cells. Furthermore, immunological rejection is much less severe in the case of cord blood transplantation compared with Peripheral blood stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant."

Tags:embryonic, stem, cell, research, ethical, moral, codes, bone, marrow, transplant

Abstract
The paper relates that stem cells can develop into many different cell types and can act as a repair system for the body since they replenish other cells. The paper explains that stem cells are unspecialized cells that can renew themselves through cell division and they can become cells with specialized functions such as cells which produce insulin in the pancreas or cells of the heart muscle. The paper explains that stem cells therefore "could be the building blocks leading to the regeneration of tissue for damaged and malfunctioning organs" (Health Link 1).

From the Paper
"Stem cells can develop into many different cell types and can act as a repair system for the body since they replenish other cells. Stem cells are unspecialized cells that can renew themselves through cell division. Stem cells can become cells with specialized functions such as cells which produce insulin in the pancreas or cells of the heart muscle. Stem cells therefore "could be the building blocks leading to the regeneration of tissue for damaged and malfunctioning organs" (Health Link 1). Stem cell research is leading to entirely new advances in medicine and therapy. As a result of stem cell research, it is possible to improve the quality of..."

Tags:stem, cell, research

Abstract
This essay is intended to persuade the reader not to use cell phones while driving. In this article the writer examines the dangers of cell phones. In particular, the writer concentrates on the use of the cell phones that apply while driving. The writer uses this paper to urge the reader not to use such cell phones while driving.

From the Paper
"Curtis Sathre said it was like a bomb going off. His young son Michael, stood stunned, his ears ringing, hand gushing blood and body covered in black ash. In a split second, fragments from Michael's exploding cell phone had hit him between the eyes and lodged in the ceiling of the family's home. Michael is still alive. Imagine what would have happened if he had been driving. The purpose is to persuade ..."

Tags:cell phone, driving, danger, exploding, radiation, distraction

Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between immunobiology and HIV. It analyzes the research in an attempt to understand the mechanisms involved in HIV infection and in the operation of various related biological effects. The paper then addresses the role of the chemokine MIP-1 beta, among others, in T cell mediated suppression of HIV replication.

From the Paper
"Patke, Green, and Shearer examine the role of beta-chemokines and their chemokine receptor on HIV B lymphocyte function. To test this interaction, the researchers used highly purified normal human B cells from seronegative donors, isolating them by adherence to CD19-coated beads. They then treated IL-4 plus anti-CD40-activated B cells with recombinant gp120 (10 ng/ml) before exposure to beta chemokines or receptor. At that stage, cyclic nucleotide generation was assessed at six hr, DNA synthesis at day threem and IgM production on day seven. Also, cell surface marker expression was determined by flow cytometric analysis using the Coulter EPICS-XL. What the researchers found was that there ia a role for MIP-1 beta and RANTES on the early B cell events of proliferation, cyclic nucleotide generation, and cell surface marker receptor modulation in opposition to the beta chemokine receptor, CCR5. the researchers also note that the ability to regulate early B cell events might be a targeted area in the development of novel designer molecule therapeutic approaches to AIDS, though further research is needed finally to demonstrate this possibility."

Tags:MIP-1 beta, lymphocyte generation DNA, T cell

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of immunobiology, a broad field dealing with the biologic effects of infectious disease and the means of preventing it. The paper further notes how considerable effort has been expended in seeking to understand the mechanisms involved in HIV infection and in the operation of various related biological effects. The paper also describes recent work to address the role of the chemokine MIP-1 beta, among others, in T cell mediated suppression of HIV replication.

From the Paper
"Immunobiology is a broad field dealing with the biologic effects of infectious disease and the means of preventing it. In recent years, considerable effort has been expended in seeking to understand the mechanisms involved in HIV infection and in the operation of various related biological effects, and much recent work has sought to address the role of the chemokine MIP-1 beta, among others, in T cell mediated suppression of HIV replication. Precisely that issue was addressed by Weissman et al. as they consider the action of chemokines, which were first characterized by their ability to direct migration and to induce activation of selected leukocyte."

Tags:immunobiology, chemokines, hiv

Abstract
The paper relates that according to the National Institutes of Health, Tay-sachs is a fatal genetic lipid disorder with several harmful fatty substances called ganglioside GM2 built up in the tissues and nerve cells within the brain. The paper discusses how it seems that the condition is "caused by insufficient activity of an enzyme called beta-hexosaminidase A that catalyzes the biodegradation of acidic fatty materials known as gangliosides" (1). The paper explains that although Tay-sachs is rare, it is fatal, and it progresses destructively in the spinal cord and/or the central nervous system.

From the Paper
"According to the National Institutes of Health, Tay-sachs is a fatal genetic lipid disorder with several harmful fatty substances called ganglioside GM2 built up in the tissues and nerve cells within the brain (1). It seems that the condition is "caused by insufficient activity of an enzyme called beta-hexosaminidase A that catalyzes the biodegradation of acidic fatty materials known as gangliosides" (1). Although Tay-sachs is rare, but fatal, it progresses destructively in the spinal cord and/or the central nervous system. Tay-sachs is a neurological and genetic disorder that usually begins in infants. For example, when an infant is born, normal growth occurs however..."

Tags:tay, sachs, disease, genetics

Abstract
This paper looks at the health problems faced by diabetics and how exercise and a proper diet can help mitigate some of those problems. The paper focuses on the finding that exercise is an essential factor in the successful management of diabetes and in improving insulin sensitivity. The paper also provides physiological explanations of the benefits of exercise to the diabetic.

From the Paper
"Diabetes is increasing in the United States and throughout the world due to the ever-growing adoption of an unhealthy lifestyle, including poor diet and lack of physical activity. Obesity is a characteristic often present in individuals with diabetes, and in order for the occurrences of diabetes to be reduced and the effects of diabetes to be minimized, efforts must be put in place to encourage weight loss and the maintenance of a healthy weight. It is expected that obesity and diabetes will reach epidemic proportions unless prompt action is taken to counteract these conditions."

Tags:lifestyle, glycemic, control, body, mass, dietary, saturated, fat, microvascular, complications, progressive, beta-cell, dysfunction