Abstract In this article, the writer notes that most managers live by a personal code of conduct that includes certain principles about integrity, regard for others, and keeping commitments. Most also believe they are ethical and that is precisely why, when confronted with situations that they believe compel them to bend company rules, they are decidedly torn. The rule bending discussed in this paper refers to situations where the rules may well need to be challenged, where the act does not break the law, and where there may be a greater good accomplished by doing so. The writer discusses that there are three themes that outline these demands of rule bending; performance-based judgment calls, faulty rules, and socially embedded norms. The writer concludes that executives have bent and will continue to bend company policies and rules when they feel justified. Further, the writer points out that their actions will also continue to be tempered by the downside of doing so, making those who are reluctant at risks less likely to take such actions even when the rules may deserve to be challenged. This paper includes a copy of powerpoint presentation on this subject.
Outline:
Performance-Based Judgment Calls
Faulty Rules
Socially Embedded Norms
Bending Rules for the Greater Good
Does Rule Bending Pay?
Conclusion
References
Appendix: PowerPoint Presentation
From the Paper "Most also believe they are ethical and that is precisely why, when confronted with situations that they believe compel them to bend company rules, they are decidedly torn. While playing by the rules is the principled thing to do, and many would say the safest too, many managers also feel a responsibility to challenge the rules, because the rules are not always perfect, and fairness to other parties may demand nothing less. Making rules for proper ethical behavior may be step one in ensuring ethical conduct. But if people disregard or break the rules, then the organizational effort to establish a corporate ethic is weakened. As Enron and other more recent corporate ethical meltdowns have shown, rules alone are not sufficient to ensure ethical behavior across the organization. We are not talking about illegal acts."
Abstract This paper discusses how in Anthony Mann's "Bend of the River", the outlaw hero, the supportive female, and the frontier setting define the film as a Western genre. In particular, the paper looks at how the setting is the important semantic unit to the arrangement of the plot and how within the two settings in Mann's film, we can see the thoughts and actions of the characters change accordingly. The paper also examines how, through an examination of the supportive female character, Laurie Baile, "Bend of the River" can be semantically and syntactically accepted into the western genre as it deals with the issue of independence versus community.
From the Paper "Likewise, within the two typical settings for the Western (frontier and city), Laurie, the female counterpart, is defined as an extension of that setting. Within both the wagon train and Portland, Laurie takes a submissive role. Her actions are determined by the male characters, Emerson Cole or Glyn. Her essential strength of the female character comes from this capriciousness and acceptance of ideologies that goes with these settings. "The western thus takes place on the border between two lands, between two eras, and with a hero who remains divided between two value systems (for he combines the town's morals with the outlaw's skills)" (Altman 31). It shows through travel that the two competing American values of individualism and community that conflict so often can be found between the acceptance of the two realities, wilderness and wildness. "
This paper discusses the use of symbolism in Robert Frost's "Birches", a poem whose main theme is that the troubles of life can be escaped but only temporarily.
1,030 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 0 sources, $ 36.95
Abstract This paper explains that Robert Frost, who is a part of New England's granite culture, is a nature poet, capable of describing minutely the various moods of the day. Both of these traits are visible in his poem "Birches". The author points out that the symbolism in "Birches" is mostly nature symbolism such as the greatest symbol the birches themselves. The paper relates that another symbol in "Birches" is the ice, which represents trouble and adversity by causing the birch trees to bend even more deeply and for a longer time than when boys bend the birch trees; however, ice is transient and so adversity never remains forever.
From the Paper "The setting of Frost's "Birches" is also significant for its meaning. As I mentioned at the very beginning of this essay, Frost is the poet of New England. The setting is quite clearly the Northeast or Upper Midwest. The setting is somewhere where there are forests, and, also, where it is cold enough for ice-storms. More important, it is crucial that the setting is a rural one. The birch trees are located away from civilization. In fact, the poet says that ideally the birches should be bent by "Some boy too far from town to learn baseball" (line 25). This would mean the birches, too, are far from town. The country setting corresponds to the poet's desire to climb the birch trees as a temporary escape from the stresses of life."
Abstract The essay explains two theories for the worsening position of third world countries: Underdevelopment Theory and Economic Liberalism, which blames the external world economy and the social and political systems of the third world countries themselves, respectively. The essay then turns to VS Naipaul's novel and shows that the author implies support for the position of Economic Liberalism.
From the Paper "The general philosophy of Underdevelopment is that the international economy operates systematically to sustain underdevelopment and distort the economies of the less developed economies. [Greene, F p 142] and that this system is detrimental to the poorer economies. The book does not support this position. The nation described, newly independent, was experiencing it's own economic woes directly related to internal issues "there were other traders, other foreigners; some of them had been there right through the troubles. The peace held". [p. 10]"
Abstract This paper analyzes the symbolism behind two distinct novels that deal with issues of exile, political strife and social turmoil - V.S. Naipaul's "A Bend in the River" and "The Wide Sargasso Sea" by Jean Rhys. The paper explains how both books utilize nature in many ways as an association and correlation to the themes in their respective novels. The paper also looks at how there is a sense of duality in both books, as nature can depict a tide of change in addition to a resistance by a people to maintain tradition and a way of life that is invaded by unnatural intruders. The paper also discusses how the interpretation of literary symbols in classic novels has always been imperative to understanding the full scope of an author's message. Additionally, the paper shows that both Naipual and Rhys utilize nature to formulate strong symbolic meanings and associate them to the domination of European culture and the notion that colonization fragments Africa from its way of life.
From the Paper "Naipaul's main character Salim in A Bend in the River takes a ritual journey through Africa which is loaded with numerous metaphors and 'coming of age' events. Salim's realization of the neurosis during colonization and the indigenous social conflict is especially realized when he travels outside of Africa. In his education, he encounters a great deal of realities that shape his perception of Westernization and he quickly begins to realize the pending abomination that is to result from Western influence in his homeland. To further indicate this importance, Naipaul utilizes water to paint a picture of stillness and change. This duality extends to the natural resources that surround the river, similar to the journey of Conrad in The Heart of Darkness. The contrast here is not the personal battle against Africa, Salim is more cognizant of his native surroundings and understands the futility and destruction that will be realized with the synthesis of two conflicting ideologies."
Tags: duality, nature, political, strife, social, turmoil, homeland, water
Abstract In most Western cultures, for both males and females, adolescence is a time of intense questioning. It is a developmental stage often characterized by acts of rebellion and defiance of parental dictates and values. However, the relatively uncritical acceptance of this struggle is particular to Western culture, and there is often less tolerance of this in other ethnic contexts. This paper analyzes the movie "Bend it Like Beckham" (2002); specifically the character of Jess, a Sikh girl living in London. Her parents expect obedience while English culture dictates rebellion is essential for children to develop an autonomous identity from their family. This paper also looks at an additional source of conflict that arises from Jess' passion and talent in the male dominated sport of football (soccer). As her mother strives to prepare her for marriage, Jess only wants to play football. But Jess' conflict extends even to English society which suggests that girls use sexuality as a means of rebellion. This paper shows how, despite all of the conflict, Jess actually defines conventional Western norms of femininity in her football prowess, as well as her parent's notions of decorous and obedient feminine behavior.
From the Paper "Culturally, soccer is a central part of English life. For many young men, becoming like the cultural sports icon David Beckham, or at least aspiring to football prowess is an important part of their personal development. Football is an integrated part of the environment, the ritual of going to games, and participating in games. Jess embraces this ideal, despite her gender and despite the fact that this sport is not indigenous to her East Asian culture. She also finds romance with a non-Indian man. True, Jess cannot 'be' like Beckham in terms of her social and physical ideal exactly, but she can mimic his excellence on the field."
This paper detects the deviations Kenneth Branagh instills into Mary Shelley's seminal work in his 1994 film adaptation reflect his own attempts at "masculinizing" her seminal work.
Abstract The essay uses psychoanalysis as a method of comparative discourse, in order to see more clearly the variances and motives between Shelley's and Branagh's texts. The author claims that while Branagh's adaptation affords perhaps the most accurate retelling of the plot of Shelley's text, the lens by which he interprets the tale bends the focus, elaborating upon certain underlying narratives while suppressing or overlooking others. The essay maintains that "Mary Shelley's Frankenstein" demonstrates an attempt to revise and rewrite the story in order to place emphasis on more culturally masculine concerns and anxieties, and is far from being the definitive cinematic imagining of Shelley's work. Moreover, he feels that by looking closely at key deviations in Branagh's interpretation and presentation, one can observe a systematic re-envisioning which seeks to displace and usurp Shelley's argument against masculine ideals.
From the Paper "Stephen Behrendt contends that Victor Frankenstein and his monster reflect Mary Shelley's anxiety over the public role of authorship in a male-dominated society. As objects of discourse, women were continually reminded of their "proper" and "natural" place in private familial and public extrafamilial interaction" (Behrendt 71). Victor's "unnatural" process of creation a man assuming the maternal role of biological life-giver mirrors Shelley's socially constructed sense that she behaved unnaturally in assuming the role of artistic creator. Victor's hysteria and the Creature's disfigurement embody Shelley's horror at her own articulation a horror unconsciously generated by the dictums of a patriarchal world. Victor demonstrates his hysteria when he confesses that "a kind of enthusiastic frenzy had blinded me to the horror of my employment; my mind was intently fixed on the consummation of my labour, and my eyes were shut to the horror of my proceedings" (Shelley 162). "
Abstract This paper describes how the author takes irony to the extreme. Rather than write a direct essay criticizing Ireland's treatment of its poor, Swift realizes that irony and parody are much more effective tools. Consequently, he develops an absolutely absurd "solution" to Ireland's poverty problem and bends reason to persuade his readers directly that his proposal that Ireland's wealthy eat the poor babies is a possible one, and indirectly that Ireland's treatment of the poor may as well be cannibalistic in its cruelty.
From the Paper "This is arguably the most successful passage in the piece. In one fell swoop, Swift professes his sincerity in suggesting that eating babies would give pleasure to the rich and that Swift himself is exempt from this proposal. He does this by combining the reasoning device of sincerity discussed above with another example of lulling the reader into submission: the public good of the country, advancing the trade, providing for infants and relieving the poor are all worthy goals to attain. But Swift tacks on "giving some pleasure to the rich" to the end of that list, and as readers, we at first swallow that "benefit" as well, but on a double-take, realize that giving pleasure to the rich is not one of our duties, it just seems that it is given society's ills."
An explanation of this theory which divides men and women into two separate groups. It shows that according to various research, men and women are brought up in ways so as to speak on different levels to one another.
Abstract This paper provides a thorough definition of this theory and proceeds to examine its implication in contemporary society. The paper shows how this opposite depiction of the two genders suggests that the two sexes are not only different biologically but also different in all other senses of the word. The concept of genderlect then emphasizes this difference and makes clear exactly how sexism arises and society creates a genderized society that bends towards patriarchal institutionalism.
From the Paper "The main line of gender related language is the different totally opposite ways of dialect between the two genders man and woman. Given that women and men speak different "genderlects," it's a miracle that there is any successful communication at all. The discussion has been defined on the various points inferred through researches of varying ways that genderlects occurs. Or simply it consists of the following inferences of man and woman speaking differences.
?Men and women create gender. Within these two distinct beings we can separate cultural communication distinctions that make each man or woman who they are. Seeking these communication differences in gender allows us to evaluate GENDERLECT STYLES"
This paper is a summary of Dinesh D'Souza's "Illiberal Education: The Politics of Race and Sex on Campus", with a major focus on Chapter 8, "Illiberal Education": Chapter-by-chapter summary arguing against universities' bending to minority group pressur
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, 1995, $ 47.95
From the Paper "This study will provide a summary of Dinesh D'Souza's "Illiberal Education: The Politics of Race and Sex on Campus", with a major focus on Chapter 8, "Illiberal Education." The book is the author's argument against the tendency of American universities to bend their policies and practices to fit the "politically correct" pressures of minority groups. D'Souza argues that such pressure groups and university officials who bend to that pressure are destroying the very foundation on which the liberal principles of higher learning depend. He is pessimistic about any meaningful change in the near-future which would alter this "illiberal" trend.
Chapter 1, "The Victim's Revolution on Campus," the author declares that he is sympathetic to the struggle of minority students for equality and justice, being a first-generation ... "
Abstract This paper examines how William Shakespeare's play "Twelfth Night" can be seen as comedic social commentary on love and marriage amidst the backdrop of a renaissance ducal court, such as those that predominated in northern Italy. It discusses how the play, about a young woman who disguises herself as her brother in order to gain favor with the court results in confusion and how by using Viola as a plot device, Shakespeare calls into question traditional conceptualizations of romance, as well as gender relations and the significance of titles. It shows how Shakespeare has a lot of fun playing with this mixed-identity, gender-bending premise. It outline the plot of the play and provides an analysis of the main characters.
From the Paper "Malvolio is self-involved; full of "self-love," as Olivia noted in Act I; he believes himself to be irresistible to a young woman like Olivia, despite the fact that he is an old servant. Maria, Olivia's servant, decides to play a trick on him by forging a mock-love letter from Olivia. Before he reads the letter, he entertains a fantasy about being married to Olivia, and getting to strut around Sir Toby and Sir Andrew, due to his imagined rise in station. Malvolio's thinking out loud gets him in trouble; the party decide that Malvolio is being a perfect "turkeycock," which is a good image to describe Malvolio's pride. Maria and Feste, the canny court fool of Olivia, continue to torment Malvolio through the play, as the old servant is somewhat of a running joke who is unable to match wits with Feste."
Abstract This paper analyzes two films about the war in Vietnam, "Full Metal Jacket" by Stanley Kubrick and "Platoon" by Oliver Stone, showing how each bends the conventions for the war film to depict the insanity and horror of this particular war and of war in general.
Abstract This ten-page undergraduate paper addresses the effects of various gases like Oxygen, Nitrogen, Helium, Argon, Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide on divers under pressure. Also discussed would be the concepts of partial pressure and the bends followed by medical problems associated to pressure changes. Laws pertaining to pressure will be discussed too.
Abstract The segment of the film, "Orlando", which was chosen for this paper, represents our struggle as a species to beat each other with our differences. It shows one very quiet view of gender as a non-category, and how impossible it is for this non-gendering to occur any time in the near future, given what we have to work with in our limited intelligence and experience as a species.
From the Paper "After the study was made of the character, Orlando, played by Tilda Swinton, and her gender changes, specifically the scene of Orlando's metamorphoses from male to female, I concluded that much has been made of gender by both men and women. I found the need for gender splitting unnecessary in most cases. While it is true that we need to recognize the physical differences for the purpose of procreation in heterosexual relationships, even procreation rules are changing. To use these differences to place one sex in control of another proves how far we must travel in our personal examination of life before we can become whole."
Abstract This paper explores how the problem of the anomalous advance of the perihelion of mercury and the bending of light near massive bodies led to one of the most famous theories ever. It discusses the historical context of the two problems and how Einstein's theory was accepted on the strength of the two pieces of evidence. It also looks at how Einstein, when he published his general theory of relativity in 1916, was essentially following the latter method of explaining Mercury's orbit and how Newton's inverse square law of gravity was eliminated. Instead, Einstein introduced a gravitational field equation in which energy, as well as mass, could lead to gravitational effects.
From the Paper "Kepler's first law of planetary motion states that all planets have an elliptical orbit of the Sun. When orbits are set up as a two body problem involving just the Sun and the planet, the orbit forms a closed ellipse. However, when the influence of the other planets in the solar system is taken into account the ellipse does not form a closed loop. Instead, the perihelion, (point of closest approach to the Sun) precesses around the Sun giving rise to a rosette shaped orbit (see fig 1). This is known as an advance of the perihelion."
