Abstract The paper outlines the New Belgium Brewing Company's history of sustainability and discusses how the company became a leader in the development of sustainable technology in brewing. The paper discusses how New Belgium shows how a company can develop a sustainable organization. The paper then explains the different organizational roles that can impact sustainability practices for an entire company.
Outline:
Introduction
Overview of Sustainability in Brewing
New Belgium's History of Sustainability
How New Belgium Promotes Sustainability
From the Paper "In 2007, Jennifer Orgolini was hired to be the Chief Environmental Officer at New Belgium Brewing Company in Fort Collins, Colorado, marking the first time a microbrewery had created such a position. Sustainability has been at the core of New Belgium's operating model since its inception in 1991. In an article on sustainability at Terrain.org, David Wann states "This company...is also helping establish the operating principles of sustainable manufacturing." Just as importantly, sustainability has been worked into New Belgium's business model - and it's worked. The company has grown to be one of the largest breweries in the United States. They made 400,000 barrels of beer in 2005 and sold it to eleven states."
Abstract This paper explains that, although both nations have French-speaking elements to their cultural and history for geographical and colonial reasons, the cultural elements and characteristics of the African nation of Angola and the European nation of Belgium are more striking in their differences than in their similarities. The author points out that Angola is still unstable and unsuitable for travel; whereas, Belgium is a European nation primarily known for its relative state of peace and ability to attract tourism and foreign investment. The paper relates that both nations are remarkable for their existence within the crossroads of a multi-ethnic and complex political struggle for dominance, one on the European continent and the other on the African continent.
From the Paper "Angola similarly was torn, as ?the end of hostilities is just the first step in Angola's journey of a thousand miles. War leaves scars: millions of displaced, homeless, maimed, orphaned, starving and diseased Angolans. This means no infrastructure, poor roads, crime, graft, up to eleven million landmines - and a glimmer of hope.? Unlike the recent history of Belgium, however, the damage that diversity has caused to the infrastructure of Angola has been physical rather than ideological. The nation is so marked by civil war, its damaged internal infrastructure of shipping and transportation perhaps the most striking feature that must be addressed to rebuild the nation."
Abstract This paper examines the position of the Coca-Cola Company in Belgium, looking at its recent serious problems in that country, how it has tried to overcome them, and the continuing challenges that it will face in this market.
From the Paper "Before looking specifically at the Coca-Cola Company in Belgium, it may be helpful to give the briefest of overviews of the entire company. The picture of corporate health is indeed impression, even in the company's own words. It is clear from every aspect of the company ? from its mission statement to its sales strategies to where it builds new bottling plants ? that while Coca-Cola may be as American as apple pie, the company itself is resolutely international."
Abstract This paper presents a discussion of Hochschild's book, "King Leopold's Ghost", that reveals the barbaric and murderous control of the Belgian Congo by King Leopold II of Belgium whom the author terms a mass murderer who established a rule of terror in the Congo.
From the Paper "King Leopold II of Belgium represents one of the worst mass murderers in history. Leopold was not content to be the King of Belgium, a territory roughly equating in size to the state of Maryland. Every action taken by Leopold was subjected ..."
Abstract The paper explores how Belgium has different nations that coexist in the same political framework. The paper discusses the background and development of Belgium's regional autonomy. The paper relates that the sub-societies of Belgium recognize and respect each other and they all agree on a principle of self-organization. The paper concludes that the Belgian example shows how it is possible to hold on to a national identity and to find the compromising measures that restrict nations as little as possible.
From the Paper "The influence of nationalism was great in world history, as the nation-state has become the dominant form of state organization. In fact, the existence of nations is the starting point of nationalism, as nations are entities with a long history and nationalist claims are based particularly on the historical aspect."
"A very important distinction when speaking about nationalism is that between nation and state, as state refers at the institutional framework provided for a nation or for more nations. The term "nation" refers to a specific identity that individuals identify with. Some nations do not identify as much with their state and they identify more with their specific nation than with the state, this being the case of the Flemish in Belgium."
Abstract Belgium's capital, Brussels, is one of the world's great cosmopolitan cities and is home to the European Union and NATO. This paper describes what vacationers can see and do in Belgium over a period of a fortnight, covering main tourist attractions and restaurants.
From the Paper "The Grand-Place, called the Grote Markt or Market Square, is the main tourist attraction of the City of Brussels and is one of the most beautiful town squares in Europe, if not the world, and is within walking distance from the hotel (Travel pp). The square is filled with shopping and entertainment, and especially restaurants (Travel pp). In fact, Brussels is one of the main restaurant cities in Europe, and it is best to consult the Michelin guide for restaurants for decisions concerning dining (Travel pp)."
Abstract This paper discusses the Coca Cola crisis in Belgium, when school children became ill from drinking Coca Cola and thus began a corporate nightmare in which the company performed a textbook example of how not to handle a crisis. This paper traces the Coca-Cola company's handling of the crisis and concludes with a suggested revision of how it should have been handled.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Coca-Cola Background
Missteps
Positive Steps
A Better Way to Handle the Crisis
No Apparent Crisis Response Plan
Speed of Response
Accuracy of Response
Focus of Response
Tone of the Response
Credibility of the Response
From the Paper "Coca Cola's apparent reaction was to investigate rapidly what could have caused the contamination. The investigation centered on the two Coca-Cola bottling plants in Belgium, which are owned by Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc. (CCE.N), the largest bottler of Coke products in the world, a company which is 40 percent owned by the Coca-Cola Company. By Tuesday, June 15, company investigators working with French and Belgian authorities reported that there was a belief that faulty carbon dioxide at Coke's factory in Antwerp, Belgium and fungicide on pallets used to transport the drinks from Dunkirk to Belgium may have contaminated the drinks in question."
Abstract This paper introduces the books "Heart of Darkness," by Joseph Conrad and "Things Fall Apart" by Chinua Achebe. Specifically, discusses how Chinua Achebe reverses the representation of Africa and Africans offered in Conrad's "Heart of Darkness" . It looks at how Conrad represents the natives in his book "Heart of Darkness" as savage beasts, who need to be tamed by the Belgium colonials. They are terrified of the white man and his cruelties. In contrast, it shows how the Ibo of Achebe's novel want to get along with the white man and how they pay for it in the end.
From the Paper "Language also plays another very important part in the two books, because it is another underlying problem between the natives and the imperialists. The English language has many nuances and meanings, and in "Heart of Darkness," the Europeans use them incessantly to confuse and confound the natives, just as Conrad does to confuse the issues in the story. Note how Kurtz is described as someone who "for the guidance of the cause intrusted [sic] to us by Europe, so to speak, higher intelligence, wide sympathies, a singleness of purpose" (Conrad 79), while the natives are "criminals," really pathetic half-starved men with emaciated limbs "like knots in a rope" (Conrad 64). In addition, Kurtz is the most "civilized" man in the territory, and yet the heads of natives on posts, a constant reminder of what will happen to the natives if they step out of line with the white people, surround his home."
Tags: natives, africa, belgium, colonials, white, man
Abstract This paper explains that more legislation is needed to specifically address areas of information security. New Zealand's most recent legislation on computer crime, the Crimes Amendment Act of 2003, lends legal coverage for the genre of typical computer crimes, but does not address how to apply these laws in the real world. The author points out that Belgium has a specific law addressing computer forgery, computer fraud, hacking, and sabotage, making them criminal offenses; unauthorized access of a computer system carries a sentence of imprisonment of three months to one year, and if this crime is committed with the intention to defraud, the term of imprisonment may be from six months to two years. The paper relates that People's Republic of China's law, which criminalizes unauthorized surveillance of information systems, imposes a fine in the amount of one to three times as much as the amount of the illegal income, and the confiscation of illegal income from these sales.
From the Paper "In particular, New Zealand companies have faced severe information security threats and resulting legal challenges, which the New Zealand government has addressed through legislation. Even as recent as 1997, New Zealand has faced difficulties with prosecuting information technology crimes as a result of a lack of Parliament Acts that provide laws relating to information technology crimes. Before the introduction of Acts between 2003 and 2004, prosecutions were attempted using laws that were designed before computers were commonplace and did not adequately address the advancements in information technology."
This paper presents a detailed account of the international public law case of "Yugoslavia vs. Belgium et. al." 1999, which resulted from their intervention into the Serbian conflict.
Abstract This paper explains that, although one of the most publicized and recent examples of genocide in Northern Europe was related to the break-up of the country of Yugoslavia, the history of the division among the two ethnic groups, the Slavic Christian Serbo-Croatians and the Islamic Turks, goes back almost a 1000 years. The author points out that Slobodan Milosevic was so determined to maintain control over Yugoslavia and its related provinces that he brought all of the NATO countries to the World Court over their decision to use military force against the human rights violations. The paper states that the World Court denied Yugoslavia's request to order ten NATO countries to halt their bombing because (1) it had no jurisdiction in the case and (2) refused to let Yugoslavia stretch the concept of genocide beyond its proper bounds. Several long quotes.
From the Paper "Yugoslavia, being both the Applicant and the State seeking provisional measures, would speak first, addressing its requests for the indication of provisional measures in respect of all the cases. Yugoslavia would be followed by the individual Respondents, each of which would address the case to which it was Party for the purposes of these cases. The Respondents would be heard in their English alphabetical order, which was also the order in which the various cases had been entered on the Court's General List. These practical arrangements were without prejudice to any subsequent decision by the Court, pursuant to Article 47 of its Rules, at any time to direct that proceedings be joined, or to direct common action in respect of one or more elements of the proceedings pending before it."
Abstract This paper examines how there are many historical and modern-day factors that can be held responsible for the language divide of Flemish and French in Belgium. It looks at how these include politics and the government, education and employment and even social affairs, and are often based around linguistic disputes. It attempts to show how the country has suffered from wars and has even divided itself into what can be seen as two separate countries purely for the sake of a language choice.
From the Paper "In the 1830's the Belgian constitution of the time called for neutrality regarding the linguistic education of the country's children. However, this worked to the disadvantage of the Flemish who felt that their children were being taught in the less-well equipped schools, whilst the French attended private schools thus making French the language of public administration and of the refined classes. As a result, Flemish came to be considered the language on suitable for the streets."
Abstract This paper looks at the impact of colonialism and imperialism on the Congo, focusing on King Leopold II's of Belgium's policies that resulted in one of the most atrocious colonial regimes including removal of people from their homes, slave labor and other forms of brutality and exploitation of a native people. It also examines the devastating impact and legacy of this brutal exploitation after independence.
From the Paper "Before delving into a discussion of the impact of colonialism and imperialism on the Congo it is best to define the terms in order to understand the difference between them. Imperialism ..."
Tags: Zaire, colonialism, slaves, minerals, Henry Stanley, King Leopold, Belgium
An examination of how Charlotte Bronte's real life fear and isolation are reflected in the main character of her novel, "Villette", through the use of light and dark imagery.
Abstract This paper examines Charlotte Bronte's life against the main character of her novel, Villette, to reveal two women afraid of imagination and light and in preference of isolation and shadows. The paper also looks at Bronte's unimaginative childhood, tough upbringing,and lonely life in Belgium and reflects how these experiences translated onto paper in the character of Lucy Snowe. It also discusses how light and dark images are used often in the novel to convey Snowe's fear or the light of life and her preference for the darkness of solitude.
From the Paper "Lucy's favorite place at the school is the alley. It is blocked from any sunlight by the vines and branches which have grown above it, making it "quiet and shady" (174). For Lucy, who prefes the shade and is herself a shadow, the alley is a perfect haven: "the very gloom of the walk attracted me" (174). Gordon, referring to the alley as a path, comments that Lucy "takes this path only when others are at prayer. In short, she takes the path as Protestant and alien" (259). This statement echoes Bronte's own loneliness and separation while in Brussels. Norman Sherry adds, "it is hers in actuality and in symbol -- for Lucy's world is then as sequestered and isolated as this alley, her nature is just as repressed and concealed" (97). When Lucy decides to hide the letters, she buries them in the alley. "
Abstract This paper analyzes ethnics case studies about Nike, Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corporation, Texas Instruments, Starbucks and New Belgium Brewing Company from O. C. Ferrell et. al.'s book "Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making and Cases". The paper presents the general background for each company, the potential ethical difficulty and to what degree there is an ethical problem at this corporation. If there is such a problem, the paper recommends a solution.
Table of Contents:
Nike
The Healthcare Company: Learning from Past Mistakes?
Texas Instruments Creates a Model Ethics and Compliance Program
Starbucks' Mission: Responsibility and Growth
New Belgium Brewing: Ethical and Environmental Responsibility
From the Paper "Andrew Young, a former UN ambassador, was hired by Nike to visit and report conditions in its third-world countries. The report stated that (1) there were no infringements of health and labor codes of conduct and (2) the pay in Nike-controlled factories was substantially higher than the required minimum wage. In 1998 Marc Kasky, a self-styled corporate critic, responded to the conflict between Nike's claims and the content of the report by Earnest and Young filing a lawsuit against Nike "
Tags: lawsuit, employees, compliance, environment, system
Abstract This essay describes the beginning of the colonization of Africa in 1884 and its cessation in the 1960's. The essay connects colonization to the massacre in Rwanda, starvation, disease, warfare and the catastrophe between the Tutsi and the Hutu.
From the Paper "At the time of this conference in which other countries would decide who should control what in Africa, 80% of the continent of Africa was under traditional and local control. Only the coastal areas of Africa had been colonized by the European powers at this time, and so the aim for control was focused over the interior of the continent. The conference lasted until February 26, 1885, when the wrangling and redrawing of borders was finished at last. With little or no attention given to the best interests of the citizens living on the African continent, the result of the conference was that Africa was divided up into fifty countries, the random borders of which were determined by the delegates from the Western powers without regard to the cultural and linguistic boundaries already established by the indigenous African population."
