Abstract
The paper outlines the main principles of the person-centered theory and the cognitive behavioral theory. The paper focuses on the concepts of the person-centered theory and discusses the microskills and techniques that students would expect to be effective with this theory.


Outline:
Objective
Person-Centered Theory
Cognitive Behavioral Theory
Microskills and Effective Techniques

From the Paper
"This theory was developed by Carl Rogers, an American psychologist who practiced in the 1930s and is a type of therapy that has as its goal the fostering of the client in cohesion of the idealized and actual self of the client. This therapy also has the goal of the client gaining a better understanding of 'self' as well as lowering the client's levels of "defensiveness, guilt, and insecurity" (Person-Centered Therapy, nd) Other goals in this therapy include the client gaining a more positive outlook in relationships and as well focuses on the client gaining an increase in the capacity to "experience and express feelings at the moment" (Person-Centered Therapy, nd) in which the feelings actually occur."

Tags:client, therapist, self-actualization, communication, feelings

Abstract
This paper looks at behavioral theory and how it can be applied to writing instructional objectives. It explains how behavioral theory was derived and its relationship to classical conditioning.

From the Paper
"Behavioral theory assumes that leaders are made not born. Behavioral theories of leadership do not look for inborn traits or capabilities in an individual, but rather they look for what leaders actually do. If the success of leaders can be defined in terms of the describable actions of a person, then it should not be difficult for other people to act in the same way. This gives something concrete to teach and learn rather than relying on ephemeral notions of'traits' and capabilities', which are only vaguely..."

Tags:behavioral, theory

Abstract
The paper examines how, to integrate the behavioral theory in the classroom, the student and the teacher must first interact with one another by defining goals and objectives in the form of modifying behavior. The paper discusses how Abraham Maslow maintains that students learn by being 'empowered' and by having control over the learning process. The paper further examines how implementing this approach into the classroom setting would be a difficult endeavor in most instances.

From the Paper
"The teacher and other students could then provide feedback about the specific performance, and would therefore reinforce the learning process, ie; move the information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory.
The humanistic theory takes a different approach than both the cognitive and the behavioral theories. The humanistic perspective is on the self, it is you, your perception of your experiences."

Tags:safety, love, belonging, achievement, performance, disseminating, information

Abstract
The paper explains behavioral theory or behaviorism depending on the premise that all kinds of human behaviors are acquired via conditioning. The paper describes Skinner's behavioral theory of operant conditioning and looks at how behavioral theories have significant relevance in many organizations today. The paper then looks at the beliefs of Albert Bandura on modeling and self-control therapies and explains how self-control theories can be used by counselors and HR personnel for reforming problematic habits.

From the Paper
"As a result of a behavior, the probability of a repetition of such a behavior decreases. Again, if a behavior is followed by an aversive stimulus, the probability of a repetition of such a behavior decreases. The removal of an aversive stimulus by an experimenter results in a negative reinforcement. If an aversive stimulus, which follows a certain type of behavior, is removed, the chance of repetition of such a behavior increases. The operant conditioning behavioral theory may find applications in the educational sphere for understanding and manipulating the behavior of students. However, it may not always be possible for teachers to determine positive and negative reinforcements for every situation or behavior. (Davis, 2006) Another behaviorist whose theories added to the understanding of human behavior and how it influences personality was Albert Bandura. According to Bandura, people may learn new behavior by observing others and change their own behavior accordingly without receiving any rewards to do so. According to Bandura and other behaviorists, any kind of punishment including self-punishment is beset with problems and does not work as effectively as reinforcement. Excessive self-punishment may lead to escape in the form of fantasies, alcohol, drugs and even suicide."

Tags:aversive, stimulus, self-control

Abstract
The writer describes the catalyst that motivated her to get regular cervical cancer screenings and explains the two health theories that apply to this change in health behavior. The writer applies the health belief model (HBM) and the transtheoretical model to this situation. The writer then focuses on her eating of high fat food and discusses how the theory of reasoned action explains her difficulty in only eating low fat alternatives. The writer also explains how the transtheoretical theory may apply to her situation.

Outline:
Behavior #1 - Regular Cervical Cancer Screening
Behavior #2 - Not Eating High Fat Food

From the Paper
"In 2008, an estimated 11,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer (NCI, 2008). It is common knowledge that the best defense against death from cervical cancer is early detection through regular screenings and exams. A pap smear can detect cancer in its very early stages, long before symptoms appear (NCI, 2008). It is suggested that women get this screening at least once a year from the time they are teenagers. The procedure is relatively painless and non-invasive, but many still do not engage in this potentially life-saving behavior."

Tags:cervical, cancer, screenings, pap, smear, food, diet, McDonald's

Abstract
The paper explores the concepts and techniques in Carl Rogers' client-centered approach to therapy and in cognitive-behavioral theory. The paper also highlights the main differences between these two theoretical approaches to therapy.

From the Paper
"Person centered theory has been established by Carl Rogers inside the humanistic approach in psychotherapy. Humanism has been termed by Bugental (1964) the 'Third Force' of therapy views, along with the psychoanalytic and behavioral views. Humanism is essentially concerned with emphasizing the worth of the individual and the centrality of human values. The most important theorists of this approach are: Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow, Frederick Perls, Victor Frankl and so on."

Tags:Rogers, psychotherapy, determinism, behaviors, self-actualization, environmental, influences

Abstract
Examines the importance of understanding organizational behavior and theories. Importance to managers and productivity of an organization. How to motivate employees. Classical approaches to organizational behavior. Scientific Management, Human Relations, Contingency Approach, Frame Approach, Motivational Approach. Characteristics of the organizational climate. How theories can be applied to an educational institution.

From the Paper
"Introduction
Organizational behavior can be defined as the systematic study of the behavior and attitudes of both individuals and groups within organizations (DuBrin, 1984, p. 14). Understanding how individuals and groups within organizations act and react with each other in everyday situations can be key to helping managers become more effective both in directing their own activities, the activities of their subordinates, and in working with others within the organization.
There is no one approach to organizational behavior that is optimum for all environments. Work environments are dynamic, and the employees within those environments change from generation to generation. Organizational culture, education of managers and employees, and the environment of the surrounding culture are all variables that affect the ..."

Abstract
This paper reviews the articles by Allan Kaplan, Christopher Fairburn, Roz Shafran, and Zafria Cooper. Kaplans article serves as a literature review of various therapies including cognitive behavioral theory, while the articles by Fairburn, Shafran and Cooper focus on how cognitive therapy works for people with anorexia nervosa.

From the Paper
"What is the best way to treat anorexia nervosa? Is one type of treatment better than another one? Why should research be spent on anorexia nervosa? These are important questions because "research shows that about one percent of female adolescents have anorexia. That means that one out of every one hundred young women between ten and twenty are starving themselves, sometimes to death" (ANRED). Anorexia nervosa does not only affect young women, but it can affect children as young as five and any adult including men. With this thought in mind, it is important to study different types of treatment including cognitive behavior. "

Tags:anorexianervosa, cognitive, therapies

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that addictive behavior is a process that is initiated by certain motivational factors and causative features. The writer maintains that the use of psychological theories to describe and analyze these motivational patterns of behavior is essential in order to understand and create preventative strategies to combat addiction. In this essay, various theories of motivation are used to explain the addictive syndrome. These include cognitive and behavioral theories as well as socio-psychological and other theoretical stances. The pleasure principle and motivation towards fulfillment and self-efficacy and the search for excitement are also dealt with in relation to disinhibition theories of motivation. These are discussed to provide a clear and integrated overview of the central motivational theories that lead to and maintain addictive behavior. The writer concludes that the various theories of motivation are important points of departure in the alleviation and the reduction of the negative outcomes of addictive behavior in society.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Overview of the Motivational Theories and Addiction
Sensation and Experience Seeking
Opponent Processes
Developmental Theories
Summation and Conclusion

From the Paper
"Motivation is one of the complex aspects of our psychological makeup. The reason why we do certain things and the causative factors that influence human behavior and actions are often seemingly mysterious and even irrational. Various theories of motivation can be applied to views of addictive behavior, and especially to harmful and potentially deadly addictions such as some forms of drug abuse.
"Drug addiction and abuse has a long and complex history in human society with regard to individual and social developments and actions. Drugs and their effects on the mind and consciousness states of experience can be traced back to the origins of human history."

Tags:addictive, behavior, compulsive, drug, abuse

Abstract
This paper looks at the author's foundation theories in a multi-modal treatment of the client's mental problems. The paper examines how, if the root of a problem is found in early childhood, and has expressed itself then or later in an adult, then the author may treat the condition with the techniques of K. Egan and other cognitive-behavioral theories.The paper includes an analysis of Egan's theory and a brief overview of cognitive-behavioral theories. The author displays his own preferences for how he would approach the client-therapist relationship.

From the Paper
"The Egan model is particularly helpful for clients who are still in the early stages of personality development, especially younger people. This model helps him or her work on things in the recent past or in the present. The next step would be to choose the strategy that is best for him or her. Finding their particular talents, resources, style, temperament, and timetable is a valuable exercise for the future. It involves asking: "What actions are best for me?" It might mean introducing the idea of strategy, and to involving the client creating a list of pros and cons of possible results of different actions."

Tags:severity, symptoms, motivation, complex, difficulties, cognition