A research paper examining the effects of educating adolescent African- American and Hispanic females about sexually transmitted infections in small groups.
Abstract This paper aims to to identify an effective sex educational model for the adolescent African-American and Hispanic female population. It then aims to measure the outcome of knowledge retained and behavior modification changes by the cohorts as compared to the knowledge retained and behavior modifications by the control group who were exposed to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) education by traditional large group educational methods, such as the school sex health education (SHE) format. It compares the intervention group's knowledge with the control group, exposed to an interactive small group educational approach.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
The Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Hypotheses
Variables
Definition of Terms
Assumptions
Limitations
Scope
Delimitations
Chapter 2: Review of Literature
Chapter 3: Methodology
Part One
Part Two
Part Three
Part Four
From the Paper "Because resources are by definition scarce, identifying what source of sex education adolescents prefer represents a good first step in developing timely interventions. This was the focus of a recent study, "Adolescents' Preferences for Source of Sex Education," by Somers and Surmann (2004), wherein the researchers examined adolescents' preferred sources of sexual education (e.g., peers, family, school, media, professionals, etc.) concerning a variety of topics, and whether patterns varied for each gender, race, grade, and economic group. The study group used by Somers and Surmann consisted of 672 adolescents of both genders, three race/ ethnicities, and varied economics and geography. These researchers determined that overall, parents were clearly the preferred source of sex education by this diverse sample of adolescents; the next preferred sources for adolescent sexual education were school and peers, but the media, siblings, and self were not generally endorsed as preferred sources of sex education (Somers & Surmann, 2004). These researchers also identified some variations by demographic groups in their findings (Somers & Surmann, 2004)."
Tags: HPV, Human Papilloma Virus, behavioreducation SHE
Abstract The following paper briefly discusses a template for a psycho-educational assessment of aggressive behavior in school-age children. Specifically, the paper looks at best practices in the assessment of aggressive behavior in these young people as well as informal and formal approaches which might assist in the proper gauging of aggressive behavior in young people. Finally, the paper offers some recommendations "from the field" for the proper assessment of aggressive behavior. In the final analysis, the paper presents a norm-referenced instrument and a general methodology that should allow observers to define what aggressive behavior is and how it can be distinguished from "normal" childhood behavior.
Abstract This paper examines behaviorism and the roles of educational and clinical psychology in association with behaviorism.
From the Paper " Psychology, in all of its branches, has its roots in theories that originated with Sigmund Freud. His work with the theories behind psychoanalysis opened the gates for other theorists, some of whom agreed with Freud and expanded on his work. Other theorists diverged from Freud's work, removing the psyche almost entirely from their own work. These theorists studied the field of behaviorism. Some notable behaviorists were John B. Watson, Edward L. Thorndike, and Burrhus Frederick (B.F.) Skinner. "
Abstract This study examines the effects of leadership and leadership theories on the educational continuum and specifically on the effect it has on the quality of education. The study uses a mixed methodology to investigate various leadership theories and examines their effect on the quality of higher education. The research shows that the delivery of educational leadership services by colleges and universities and the impact of traditional curricula on prospective educators continues to be debated and refined. The impact of additional unfunded mandates from the federal No Child Left Behind Act is profound, with many low-performing schools being threatened with the loss of their funding if they fail to achieve at least minimum academic achievement standards.
Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Background
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Nature of the Study
Research Questions
Conceptual Framework
Definitions
Assumptions
Scope, Limitations, and Delimitations
Chapter Summary
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Background and Overview
Foundations of Educational Philosophy in the United States
Curricula Reform Initiatives
Leadership Theories
Organizational Behavior in Academic Settings
Leadership in Academic Settings
Chapter Summary
Chapter 3: Methodology
Research Method and Design Appropriateness
Population, Sampling, and Data Collection Procedures and
Rationale
Internal and External Validity
Data Analysis
Organization and Clarity
Chapter Summary
Chapter 4: Data Analysis
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper "While a wide range of traits have been identified as being associated with different aspects of leadership effectiveness, the specific association between individual traits and effectiveness has frequently been unconvincing (Bass 1985, cited in Fernandez, 2005). Furthermore, the research to date has consistently failed to identify a set of skills and traits that all successful leaders must possess in order to be effective in a given setting (Fernandez, 2005). Likewise, although the importance of effective leadership in educational settings is widely recognized, there remains a lack of consensus on what works best and why; indeed, given the abysmal performance of many of the nation's schools despite repeated efforts at curricula reform and pedagogical alternatives, it would seem that this lack of consensus is based on a paucity of sound models rather than a lack of effort. In this regard, Short and Greer (2002) report that in recent years, there has been a concerted effort to restructure public education. "Site-based management, charter schools, learner- centered communities, and teacher empowerment have been the focus of much of the reform effort," they advise (p. viii). These initiatives have created a concomitant debate concerning what types of educational leaders are needed in this dynamic environment. According to Short and Greer, "Ideas about leadership have expanded as schools attempt to build learning organizations with empowered participants. While much has been written about school restructuring, there is a need for a better understanding about how to build empowering environments in schools based on empirical findings rather than rhetoric or opinion" (2002, p. ix)."
Abstract This paper presents an exhaustive literature review about positive behavioral support in the classroom. The writer explores published literature about positive behavior support and its components for the purpose of setting the stage for a complete study into the impact of an in-service teacher educational program on selected student behaviors that are deemed inappropriate.
From the Paper "Elements including practicality, logical aspect of the solution and other things were asked to be considered for the final brainstorming session.
"The school staff ended up with a list of strategies that it believed would work. The staff members also removed any suggested strategies that they believed would fail to get the desired behavior or effect. In addition any suggested strategy that the staff believed would not in the end be practical to implement or use was also removed from the strategy list."
Tags: literature review, components setting impact educationbehaviors
Abstract The author hypothesized that, by watching the way people shop, she would find some correlation between the way adults act towards their children while shopping and the sort of shopping decisions they themselves make as they trained their children to be consumers. The author staked out a local Wal-Mart in the most culturally and racially diverse part of town to control for any sort of racial or class distinctions. Whenever the author saw two or more adults accompanied by one or more young children, she discreetly tailed them and observed their behavior. The paper relates that the observations showed the author's original hypothesis regarding shopping as an educational experience was somewhat erroneous; with one exception (Case #2), the author did not observe any parents who were actively educating their kids concerning value judgments and purchasing choices. Observation notes included.
From the Paper "Impulsive shoppers had several aspects in common. First, they seemed to consistently purchase expensive items they didn?t necessarily need because they were a "good deal" or "really cute" while complaining about the cost of more basic items. This aspect cut across boundaries of financial security. Secondly, they seemed to view shopping as more of a social and emotional experience than non-impulsive shoppers did and were guided by peer pressure into shopping choices. Additionally, every impulsive shopper I noticed seemed to have some sort of emotional alienation issue, which particularly manifested itself in their relationship to their children and to their purchased products."
Abstract The paper provides an in-depth review of the literature that clearly indicates a need for social skills development education in the alternative classroom environment. The paper finds that cognitive-behavioral instruction is highly effective in this area of development for students with learning disabilities. The paper identifies several instruments used in previous studies for measuring social skill levels among students. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research.
Outline:
Research Aims and Objectives
Methodology
Literature Review
Methodology
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "The aims and objectives of this research proposal are focused toward understanding the requirement of social skills specifically for children who are placed in alternative education courses. Certainly, there must exist most specifically within the attentive education environment a requirement that children in these classrooms be capable of tolerance related to the individual differences of other children in this education environment, which is inclusive in nature. This works seeks to make identification of the specific characteristics or social skills required of children in alternative education environments."
Abstract The following paper examines how agitation, which is broadly characterized by anxiety accompanied by restlessness, is by far the most common cause for psychiatric consultation for the aged. The writer discusses how attempts to meaningfully categorize different agitated behaviors are in their infancy. The writer discusses why it is essential to distinguish truly problematic behaviors that dictate immediate intervention from "nuisance" behaviors or symptoms, such as repetitive questioning or non-upsetting visual hallucinations, which are probably better managed through caregiver education.
From the Paper "Cognitive-behavioral therapy for the elderly aims to change the way patients behave by focusing on the actual behavior rather than basing the solution on the emotions of the individual being treated and the associative causes. These include behavioral disorders of elderly patients which may result from emotional reactions to the hardships or crises of life such as psychoses, which is characterized by deranged thinking and behavior and often require hospitalization; psychoneuroses, which are chronic disorders that affect a person's ability to function and that may be accompanied by bodily symptoms and psychosomatic disorders, such as gastric or duodenal ulcer, certain skin diseases and stress."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that few problems are as life-altering as unwanted pregnancy, especially when it happens to teens or adolescents. These cases are also difficult because adolescents and teens are normally still in school and trying, as most do at that age, to balance social and peer obligations with future goals and school work. The writer maintains that not only do most teens probably not perceive peer pressure as an invasion of private thoughts and decision-making, but they do, in many cases, perceive sexual education as such an invasion. The writer discusses that the literature surveyed indicates that education can help its own standing in the eyes of students by creating more effective learning experiences, and understanding the many predicaments of working with adolescents and teens. The literature is viewed in terms of specifically the way education is evaluated as successful or not and is facilitated by comparison of the various approaches to behavioral and attitudinal change.
Outline:
Studying Teen Pregnancy Prevention Educational Programs
Randomized and Non-randomized Samples
Measures of Evaluating Program Success
Testing Simulation-based Programming
The Experiential Approach
Qualitative Analysis
Simulation Models Compared with the Expressive Education Model
Contraceptive Use
Analyses of Gender Roles and Cultural Factors in Teen Pregnancy
Educational Roles of Culture and Cultural Roles of Education References
From the Paper " The influence that education has on teen pregnancy cannot be overemphasized, although particular programs' efficacy needs to be questioned and fully understood. Since education is a part of every person's development, the transition into including material related to what is considered a major health problem of teen pregnancy should be easier than our social concerns would imply. The social/cultural aspect in this brief survey of studies so far has not included enough attention, but in one study that focused on communication between students, parents and teachers where gender construction was found to be a significant factor. Because knowledge and cultural beliefs are not necessarily linked, there might be a hesitation on the part of researchers to combine their analyses. But nevertheless, more and more researchers are using cultural data to determine influences on teen sexuality and trying to figure out the best ways to collect this type of data and collect data about sexual education in light of it."
Tags: prevention, sex, education, intervention, sexual, health
The paper reviews six articles which appeared in various published texts to show how special needs for individuals are catered for in the educational field.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, 2002, $ 48.95
Abstract A review of six published texts to show how the special needs of individuals are treated in the field of education. Each article looks at special needs from a different angle and shows how this topic is covered by the media in America today.
The subjects and their texts reviewed are:
Individuals with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders (?Supreme Court: Private schooling for "Confinement" Does not Qualify for District Funding.? Special Education News);
Individuals with Hearing Impairments (?Online Literacy Project Targets Kids with Hearing Disabilities.? Special Education News);
Understanding Depression/Suicide (Pierson, T. ?Suicide: Questions Most Frequently Asked.? Suicide Awareness Voices of Education, 1996);
Gifted Individuals (Berger, S. & Winebrenner, S. ?Providing Curriculum Alternatives To Motivate Gifted Students.?);
The Law and Disability (?Bush Calls Education 'Civil Rights Issue of our Time'? CNN.com)
Individuals with Learning Disabilities ( ?Adult Learning Disabilities - Moving beyond Humiliation.? CNN.com)
From the Paper "This article describes statements made by President George Bush about education including that education is ?the great civil rights issue of our time.? Bush describes his plan to make changes to education in America. The focus is especially on children with learning difficulties with Bush being quoted as saying ?we must have high expectations for children who are more difficult to teach or who have fallen behind.?
Bush describes a plan increasing funding for the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), a federal program that aids disadvantaged schoolchildren and also recognizes that schools cannot meet the high costs associated with providing education to children with disabilities."
Abstract There is a meme existing in today's society regarding education that is deeply entrenched in American thought concerning the quality of educational provision in the United States. This meme is simply the belief that educational provision is equal to all children, in all schools, and that all children have the same potential successful educational outcomes because that is how it is done in the United States. This paper examines this meme and contends that nothing could be further from the truth.
Outline:
Objective
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Cultural Meme Defined
Richard Dawkins - The Selfish Gene
Jonathan Kozol - Solutions
The Requirement of Changing the Meme in Educational Funding
Summary and Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "This cultural meme has been programmed into American society very deeply and has entrenched deeply within the mind of individuals, groups, churches, businesses and other structure in today's society in the United States. Media furthers this illusion and does not report the tragic facts in today's educational system. Politicians certainly fail to acknowledge the problem and even civil rights activists fail today to speak loudly enough to garner the attention of the American society. Businesses and corporations further the widening divide as well as does the more affluent society-at-large. There is only one possible method that might assist today's society in breaking the barrier to equal provision of quality education to all students in the United States and that is a reprogramming of the 'selfish' gene and just as has this selfish genetic codex been established in the human being's genetics, a cognitive focused intentional reprogramming of this gene is the only way of ensuring that the future generations will be based on equal provisions of education for all students to provide each and every student with the best possible outcome."
Abstract This paper discusses the use of behavior modification as a disciplinary practice in public schools. It describes the method of discipline employed by behavior modification. The paper looks at techniques and strategies and the effectiveness of the methods.
Abstract This study assesses the severity levels of each of four categories of violent behavior in students attending two middle schools in Mississippi. These categories are--severity of verbal aggression, severity of physical aggression against objects, severity of physical aggression against self, and severity of physical aggression against other people. Each category of violent behavior is then examined in relation to three student socio-demographics. These are--racial differences, gender differences and differences in students' family structure (whether they live in a home with two parents or one parent). Specifically, the study seeks to determine whether severity of each aggression measure significantly differs in association with differences in race, gender or family structure.
From the Paper "Given that the conditions leading to violence in schools are increasing and the extremely negative consequences of school violence, the importance of developing adequate prevention programs cannot be over-stated. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the effort to eventually create safe schools by investigating factors that may contribute to violence in Mississippian middle schools. The findings of this investigation can be of very real assistance to educators and related professionals in Mississippi who are working to make schools safer for all children."
This paper addresses play in young children as a behavior that is necessary for child development, where play helps a child to develop an awareness of their skills, their environment, and their relationship with their peers and adults alike.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 3 sources, 2002, $ 89.95
Abstract This paper addresses play in young children as a behavior that is necessary for child development, where play helps a child to develop an awareness of their skills, their environment, and their relationship with their peers and adults alike. While the Montessori Method shall be used as the basis for this discussion, other sources are also be addressed to better round out the views on children and play as a learning behavior.
Tags:EDUCATION / CURRICULUM THEORY AND ISSUES, theories of montessori
Abstract This paper examines the differences and similarities of consumer behavior in Japan and Indonesia in terms of their natural system, political system, economic system, social system, knowledge system, educational system, executive system and marketing system. Marketing implications are also provided.
From the Paper "It can be argued that Indonesia and Japan are two of most attractive markets in Asia. Indonesia has a fast growing population and Japan can be considered as the most developed Asian country. This paper will analyze, evaluate and note differences and similarities of the natural system, political system, economic system, social system, knowledge system, educational system, executive system and marketing system of Indonesia and Japan. Consumer behavior topics and marketing implications relevant to the systems mentioned above will also be discussed in details. It is believed that changes in consumer behavior in both countries over the recent years will help marketers to analyze consumers? increasing influence, to educate and protect consumers, formulate public and personal policy."
