Abstract
This paper discusses social skills training programs within schools that are implemented in order to combat behavioral disorders among children. The paper specifically focuses on the most common behavioral disorder among children, which is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It looks at the role of prevention intervention programs for children who have these behavioral disorders.

From the Paper
"The role of prevention interventions with children who have behavioral disorders can not be stressed enough. It is of the utmost importance that attention be focused on ensuring that behavior disorders among children do not develop into anti-social behavior later on. Furthermore, children with behavior disorders that exhibit aggressive and oppositional behavior are at risk for the development of serious anti-social behavior that can persist into adulthood. Bauer and Webster-Stratton (2006) determined that training programs for parents are an effective means of promoting positive parenting and strategies for discipline, as well as enhance the child's social skills, emotional self-regulation, and ability to solve problems. These researchers also suggested that family doctors can play a role in prevention by practicing developmental surveillance of patients with behavior disorders in order to prevent disruptive behavior problems, address the concerns of parents, and nurture the healthy development of the children's social and emotional competency."

Tags:stress, development, social, teachers

Abstract
This paper discusses classroom management for teachers with children with emotional and behavioral disorders and describes the necessary tools that a teacher requires in order to teach these classes. In particular, the paper focuses on how a teacher needs to be able to assess the disorder, have set strategies to deal with these disorders, and have the appropriate teaching materials to successfully implement the desired strategies.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Informal Assessment Tools
Teaching Strategies
Teaching Materials

From the Paper
"In order to successfully implement the above listed strategies, the classroom teacher will have to have appropriate resources. Of most importance is that of human resources. Because of the multitude of individual personalities that are found in a modern-day classroom, a classroom teacher cannot be left alone and expected to successfully provide both management and learning. For this reason, it is absolutely essential that the teacher is provided with competent support staff."
"Support staff in itself must be diverse in order to handle all the unique classroom needs. A the administrative level, there needs to be administrative support and interventions available when a situation cannot be easily handled within the classroom as it disrupts the flow of the entire class. The administration should also have a student strategist who is in charge of coordinating and developing the individual student behavior strategies, a job that often requires the coordination of numerous service providers."

Tags:learning classroom, mental health

Abstract
Research into these behavioral disorders suggests that brain chemistry and genetics are responsible for predisposition to the conditions, with environmental aspects also a factor. This paper examines the biological approach looking for the definite genetic cause and the child development approach looking at the impact of the environment. Each of these approaches looks at the problem with a different focus and with each approach comes a different understanding of the nature of behavioral conditions in children.

From the Paper
"Cognitive development is described by Jean Piaget's four stages theory. Piaget describes four stages that every child develops through, where in each stage the child thinks differently, acquiring new thinking skills with every stage. These stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. In the sensorimotor period a child's behavior is determined by looking, seeing and feeling, rather than thinking. In the preoperational period children lack the ability to think logically, they assume their experience is the same as everyone else's, they are unable to rearrange their thoughts and they mix up cause and effect. "

Tags:genetics, cognitive, development, piaget, ADHD, autism

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD). The paper first explains that RBD causes abnormal motor behavior during REM sleep, mainly affects older males and can be associated with neurodegenerative diseases. The paper also looks at treatment options and presents a case study. The paper points out that current limitations with studies on RBD prevent us from knowing all we can about RBD and treatment options.

Outline:
RBD Background
Associations with Neurodegenerative Diseases
Treatment Options
Case Study
Conclusion

From the Paper
"REM sleep behavior disorder, a parasomnia is illustrated by the irregular loss of normal skeletal muscle atonia during REM sleep and is accompanied by complex motor activity while dreaming (Ferini-Strambi, Fantini, Zucconi, Castronovo, Marelli, Oldani, & Cappa, 2005). The loss of REM sleep atonia has been associated with the loss of the inhibition of motor activity that normally is controlled by pontine centers (Mazza, Saucy, Gravel, Michaud, Postuma, Massicotte-Marquez, Decary, & Montplasir, 2006). Behavior release during REM needs the disinhibition of brainstem motor pattern generators, therefore resulting in over-excitation of phasic motor activity; this supplies an anatomic foundation for REM behavior disorder (Mazza et al., 2006)"

Tags:neurodegenerative, diseases, parasomnia, seizures, melatonin

Abstract
This paper looks at various disorders that cause suffering in people from either a biological, emotional, cognitive, or behavioral standpoint. The areas touched on are eating disorders, substance abuse, issues of sex/gender, impulse control and personality disorders. The paper explains that the common characteristic of these disorders is an individual's lack of ability to prevent the impulses and how all have the component of anxiety as a common thread. The paper also includes a table that sets out the official 'List Classifications' for all these disorders.

Outline:
Biological Components of Eating
Biological Components of Substance Abuse
Biological Components of Sex/Gender/Sexual Disorders
Biological Components of Personality Disorders
Emotional Components of Eating
Emotional Components of Substance Abuse
Emotional Components of Sex/Gender/Sexual Disorders
Emotional Components of Personality Disorders
Cognitive Components of Eating
Cognitive Components of Substance Abuse
Cognitive Components of Sex/Gender/Sexual Disorders
Cognitive Components of Personality Disorders
Behavioral Components of Eating
Behavioral Components of Substance Abuse
Behavioral Components of Sex/Gender/Sexual Disorders
Behavioral Components of Personality Disorders

From the Paper
''The biological components of eating are much the same as with any other naturally occurring bodily process; however, once the process becomes out of control, eating disorders can arise when the impulse to eat or not to eat, binge and purge, or not to do so, to eat nothing, even when one knows one should eat. A number of theories indicate a compelling biological component with regard obese individuals desiring to eat even when not hungry. The biological component with regard to individuals with eating disorders that include anorexia nervosa, binge eating, and bulimia have particular and specific characteristics. A genetic predisposition theory exists that is sustained by an increase of the number of women being diagnosed with bulimia. These women have a family history of eating disorders. In addition, identical twin sisters are more likely to have the disorder than non-identical twins (The Something Fishy Website on Eating Disorders, 2010)."

Tags:characteristic, anxiety, biological, disorders

Abstract
The paper looks at the symptoms of schizophrenia and the approach of
psychopathology towards this serious mental disorder. The paper then focuses on mental disorders that have a specific link to certain stages of lifespan development, such as mental retardation, learning disorders, pervasive developmental disorders such as autism, and attention deficit and disruptive behavior disorders.

Outline:
Schizophrenia and Psychosis
Lifespan Disorders

From the Paper
"Schizophrenia is a complex and serious mental disorder, characterized by severe disturbances of thought, perception, mood and behavior. Its prevalence worldwide is about 1% , affecting people of all races, gender and socioeconomic status, but most commonly found among urban poor, possibly due to very stressful living conditions. Schizophrenia has a profound debilitating effect on a sufferers and people related to them. If left untreated, it could eventually lead to suicide (up to 40% of people diagnosed with schizophrenia will attempt suicide at some point in their lives) (Hansell, J., & Damour, L., 2005)."

Tags:mental, retardation, autism, learning, disabilities, ADHD

Abstract
This paper explores what psychologists call compulsive sexual behavior. Although this disorder is classified in the DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders), therapists and researchers question whether moral judgments may influence a diagnosis. The paper further describes the major categories of compulsive sexual behavior. Finally, the paper concludes that there is disagreement as to whether CSB is an addiction, a psychosexual developmental disorder, an impulse control disorder, a mood disorder, or an obsessive-compulsive disorder.

From the Paper
"According to Vukadinovic, literature on sexual compulsivity and sexual addiction has been preoccupied with issues of definition, especially as it pertains to DSM-IV (Vukadinovic). Moreover, there has been little attention given to the possible causal explanations for why, in some cases, sexual behavior become problematic (Vukadinovic). Most researchers make statements about likely mechanisms, such as anxiety reduction or mood regulation, however there are usually based on clinical impression rather than on reported data (Vukadinovic).
Researchers are now giving more attention to the fact that out of control sexual behavior can be reduced with mood elevating drugs such as the SSRIs, but as yet, no one knows the extent to which such pharmacological benefits, when they occur, result from improvement in mood or specific inhibition of sexual repsonse or both (Vukadinovic)."

Tags:psychological, disorders, mood, disorders, maladaptive, behavior

Abstract
This paper explores the many challenging aspects of psychological disorders, focusing on their characteristics and also how society treats the sufferers. First, the paper describes how people feel about those with psychological disorders, particularly how we interact with them. Then, several major disorders are described briefly with a general overview and a basic outline of their treatment. The paper concludes by stating that by discussing these these serious disorders of individuals with abnormal behavior will hopefully help to understand them better and not be so quick to judge.

Outline:

Eating Disorders
Substance Abuse
Personality Disorders
Gender Identity Disorder
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Substances like alcohol, cigarettes, drugs, or even coffee or soft drinks are used in everyday life. People depend on these substances to make it through the day and to make life a little easier. However, these substances can be abused and used for all the wrong reasons. The DSM-IV-TR associates substance dependence with tolerance and withdrawal (as cited in Kring et al, 2007, 297). Those with substance dependence develop a tolerance for a certain substance and need higher dose to achieve desired effects or the substance taken has a markedly lessened effect when taken in a normal dosage (Kring et al, 2007). Withdrawal symptoms or negative physical and psychological effects occur when an individual decides to lessen amount of substance taken or stop taking the substance altogether (Kring et al, 2007). Substance abuse is a serious problem and is linked most often to individuals with personality disorders, which are named in the next section."

Tags:DSM-IV, abnormal behavior, anorexia nervosa, substance dependence

Abstract
This paper focuses on clinical depression, the most common type of mood disorder, and its symptoms and diagnosis. The paper looks at
depression in adolescents and the importance of a good relationship with parents, and also discusses the relationship between depression and self-critical and anti-social behavior. In addition, the paper looks at treatment for clinical depression and other mood disorders. A discussion on personality disorders and how they are classified into three clusters is also included in the paper. The focus of the paper is on schizoid personality disorder, borderline personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder and the treatments of these disorders.

From the Paper
"Mood disorders and personality disorders are becoming more and more common in society as an increased awareness of mental health appears. Mood disorders are normally caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain that occurs when something significant in a person's life does. This could be losing a loved one or going through a divorce. These disorders are usually treatable with therapy and medication, but they are very dangerous because they can cause a person to act very unpredictably. Personality disorders also cause unpredictable behavior and they are usually treated with just therapy because they are often a result of social conditioning. Both of these styles of disorders are becoming more visible in society and, therefore, awareness is needed in order to keep them from becoming huge problems."

Tags:anti-social, behavior, socialization, adolescents, depression, schizoid, borderline, avoidant, personality, disorder

Abstract
This paper explains how clinicians, psychologists, psychiatrist, and medical professionals classify mental disorders. It then goes on to address the biological, emotional, cognitive and behavioral components of three symptom disorders: anorexia bulimia, alcohol abuse, and exhibitionism; and one personality disorder: narcissistic personality disorder.

Outline:
Eating Disorders
Bulimia Nervosa
Substance Abuse
Alcohol Abuse
Sex/Gender Disorders
Sexual Disorders
Exhibitionism
Personality Disorders
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Conclusion

From the Paper
''Bulimia is one of the most widely known eating disorders. Some of the key characteristics of bulimia include binging and purging, forced vomiting, use of laxatives, excess exercising, and fasting in order to lose weight. Eating disorders are characterized by the thought that "one's physical shape reflects one's value or worth" (Hansell & Damour, 2008, p. 296). People who suffer from bulimia find comfort in eating, but are then so overcome with shame and guilt over eating the food and feeling so out of control that they then purge themselves. When a person vomits, the body is caused to release endorphins (which make you happy). After a long period of binging and purging, a person might get to the point where even if they haven't overeaten, they still purge to make themselves feel good. While bulimia can be triggered by many things, some of the main causes are coming off of a restrictive diet, and stressful events where food is turned to for comfort (Web MD, 2005-2011)."

Tags:disorders, physical, abuse