Abstract
This paper studies beer and liquor sales, with particular reference to the United States. It includes a brief history of beer and liquor, the prohibition era and the effect it had on these industries. It also describes the marketing and advertising tools used by the beer and liquor industries and brief histories of some famous brands. Included are tables of financial information regarding consumption, sales and revenue of beer and liquor and an analysis of Anheuser-Busch, a very large beer and liquor company. Finally, the author reveals his personal opinion about the topic and a summary of the research is presented.

From the Paper
"The exact origins of alcoholic drink are rather obscure, but most historians and anthropologists suggest that, even though our ancestors may not have understood the process of fermentation at the time, alcoholic drinks were made and drunk as early as 10,000 years (or perhaps even 25,000 years) ago. Some experts have even suggested that the beginning of agriculture could be attributed to the desire of early humans to produce beer rather than food.
The discovery or making of liquor through the distillation process, of course, came much later. Nevertheless, the Chinese are known to have distilled a beverage from rice as early as 800 BC. Europeans and Arabs are also said to have produced distilled alcoholic drinks in the early days but production of distilled liquor remained limited until about the 8th century AD. Improvement in distilling techniques gradually led to greater production of distilled spirits and various governments realizing the potential of earning revenues from the sale of liquor placed controls on the production and sale of liquor. In some countries, revenue from liquor sales has been the bedrock of their economies. For example in Russia, revenue from vodka sales was more than 40% of all state revenue in the last century. More recently, towards the end of the Soviet era, vodka sales constituted 15-20% of the value of all retail trade turnovers. "

Tags:beer, liqour, sales, alchohol, Soviet, Union, Vodka, Jack, Daniel's, revenue, Anheuser-Busch

Abstract
The paper examines the origins of beer-making, the evolution of beer-making (and of commercial brewing) and some modern techniques. Furthermore, the paper looks at the core ingredients of beer - water, malt, hops and yeast - and at what their function are. Not to be overlooked, the paper devotes a small amount of time to discussing the differences between ale and lager. Finally, the paper looks at the preparation of malt, the brewing process, and fermentation. The paper concludes that the humble "brew" is a concoction that is surprisingly complex in the making.

From the Paper
"Beer has become a staple of modern American culture - especially among the young. The following paper will examine one of America's - perhaps America's - most popular drinks and examine the origins of beer-making, the evolution of beer-making (and of commercial brewing) and discuss (briefly) some modern techniques. Furthermore, the paper will look at the core ingredients of beer - water, malt, hops and yeast - and at what their "function" is. Not to be overlooked, the paper will devote a small amount of time to discussing the differences between ale and lager. Finally, we will briefly conclude by looking at the preparation of malt, the brewing..."

Tags:chemistry, beer, brewing

Abstract
This paper gives an overview and analysis of the Swiss beer industry, focusing on Stella Artois' sales. The paper notes that the beer producer's sales have suffered a slight decline in the past year, both world-wide and in the lucrative British market. According to the paper, management is therefore evaluating the possibility of beginning to export into Switzerland. Due to the affluence and high level of education of the population, it is likely to respond well to the up-market advertising techniques that have worked so well for Stella Artois in the UK.

From the Paper
"Stella Artois' sales have suffered a slight decline in the past year, both world-wide and in the lucrative British market. Therefore, and management is evaluating the possibility of beginning to export into Switzerland, which is a small country in the center of Europe, with a dense population of 7.4 million, primarily affluent, people. Due to the affluence and high level of education of the population, it is likely to respond well to the up-market advertising techniques that have worked so well for Stella..."

Tags:switzerland, beer, stella artois

Abstract
This paper examines three issues concerning the metabolism of ethanol, one of the major forms of alcohol, and then compares how the ethanol found in beer is metabolized to how the ethanol found in the over-the-counter cold suppressant, Nyquil, gets metabolized.

From the Paper
"Although this research project concerns the metabolism of ethanol, one of the three major forms of alcohol, the major topic will discuss three distinct yet similar issues concerning the metabolism of ethanol. The first issue is the means by which the liver metabolizes ethanol the second and third issues discuss the variances involved when comparing how ethanol found in beer is metabolized with the ethanol found in one of the more popular cough suppressants. For simplicity and clarity the cough syrup being used in this study is Nyquil...."

Tags:Liver, metabolism, nyquil, beer, alcohol

Abstract
This report outlines how an organisation can enter the Australian beer market with a new brand of beer, positioned as an environmentally friendly, carbon neutral alternative. Data, was gathered from 50 surveys that allowed the researchers to gain an insight into the preferences, perceptions, media habits and purchase behaviour of beer consumers in Australia. The findings illustrate that it would be profitable to enter the Australian beer market, with projections predicting that based on the current preferences of individuals within the market, the optimal product would gain significant market share.
The report includes photos, charts, diagrams and tables of explanation.

Outline:
Executive Summary
Introduction
Background
Management Decision Problem
Marketing Research Problem and Research Objectives
Management Decision Criteria
Research Design Rationale
Research Design
Survey Design
Methodology
Results
Sample Characteristics
Market Segmentation using Conjoint Analysis and Hierarchical Clustering
Cluster 1
Cluster 2
Cluster 3
Cluster 4
Limitations
Recommendations
Target Market
Marketing Strategies
Conclusion
Reference List
Appendices

From the Paper
''Beer has played an iconic role within Australian culture and lifestyle since it was first brought to our shores by Captain James Cook as a means of preserving fresh drinking water. Over the decades, beer has become very popular, making Australia the fourth largest consumer of beer per capita (Kirin, 2004).
''Today there are over 100 different brands of beer in the Australian market, with most local brands being produced and distributed by one of two market leaders, Lion Nathan and Fosters.
''Recent industry data illustrates Lion Nathan's share of the beer market has risen to 40 per cent from 38 per cent over the past five years. By comparison, Foster's share has fallen to 49.9 per cent from 55 per cent, highlighting Lion Nathan's increasing stock that has outperformed a flat Australian beer market (Greenblat, 2010). This can be illustrated by Figure 1.''

Tags:Beers, introduction, carbon neutral, lion nathan

Abstract
The paper discusses the history of beer in early civilization, in the Middle Ages, in modern times and in America. The paper describes how the first beers were different from beer we know today; they were cloudy, bitter and perhaps even filled with mash. The paper traces how those ancient beers became transformed into one of the world's most popular beverages today.

Outline:
Introduction
Beer in Early Civilization
Beer in the Middle Ages
Beer in Modern Times
Beer in America
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Some people speculate that beer first made an appearance in the world at least 9,000 years ago, but there is no written proof to back up these claims. The first written records belong to the Sumerians, who lived in the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, which now encompasses Iraq. Historians believe the Sumerians discovered fermentation (the process necessary to make beer and other alcoholic beverages), totally by chance. However, they did write about their discovery, and so most historians believe the first rudimentary beers were brewed in this area."

Tags:beverages, malt, alcohol, Sumerians, Babylonians, Egyptians, Romans, Teutons

Abstract
This paper looks at a study who's aim is to prepare an ale beer by fermentation and to investigate the microbiological aspects of the fermentation of malted barley extracts. It looks at how the study emphasizes yeast growth and factors that affect it (contaminants, temperature, pH). In the experiment the ale beer is prepared using a wort [Muntons Pale Ale Beer Kit] and yeast; saccharomyces cerevisiae. A control treatment (yeast + wort) is compared to a contaminant treatment containing acetic acid bacteria. The pH, temperature and concentration of yeast cells are also observed among the treatments on three different days.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Material and Methods
Innoculation of Wort for Beer Production
Measuring the Fermentation Progress of the Treatments
Results
Properties of the Control and Contaminant Treatments
Discussion

From the Paper
"The microbiological aspects of ale production were studied over a period of a 1 week. The study emphasized on yeast growth and on factors that affect it (contaminants, temperature, pH). On days 0, 1 , 4 of inoculation, a control treatment consisting of yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae and wort was compared to a contaminant treatment consisting of wort, yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an additional inoculum of acetic acid bacteria;vinegar. Throughout the main processes of beer production, the pH of the wort from the contaminant treatment was lower than the control, thus more acidic. Yeast concentration was higher in the in the contaminant treatment for both day 0 and day 1. A lower pH and higher yeast concentration suggest that the yeast cells are reproducing and utilization phosphate. After 4 days of inoculation, yeast concentration and pH was higher in the control treatment. "

Tags:Inoculation, Flocculation

Abstract
This paper examines advertising and the art of persuasion used in the Molson Beer advertisement "I am Canadian". It asserts that beer advertisements typically employ a marketing campaign that uses sexual innuendo, such as pretty girls to sell their products. It points out however, that the Molson beer ad uses a different mechanism, which centers on nationalism and cultural determinism, rather than on the common persuasive tool of sex to market the product. The paper concludes that the ad's strong emotional appeal, embedded within a social and cultural context, makes for extremely unique and effective advertising.

Outline:
Introduction
Defining the Target Audiences
Molson Beer Advertisement: Style, Appeal, and Strategy
Relationship Between Verbal and Visual Content
Meaning and Value in the "I Am a Canadian" Ad
Prevalent Symbols Displayed in the Ad
The Role of the Molson Ad
Emotional and Intellectual Appeal of the Ad
Crucial Aspects of the Molson Canadian Advertisement
Building Relationships and Trust with the Consumer
Is the Ad Memorable?

From the Paper
"The Molson ad was in the form of a rant, which added to its overall success. The verbal style of the ad was to outline some of the major facets of Canadian culture and present them as something that individuals should feel proud of. It is interesting to note that the ad also focused on stereotypes of Canadians by Americans, and focused on dispelling some of these myths. There was also, the presentation of issues surrounding American lifestyle, and a comparison of how Canadians supposedly completed these actions differently and more effectively. Lines like "I believe in peace keeping, NOT policing. DIVERSITY, NOT assimilation", posit to the fact that the ad was trying to show the clear difference between the two cultures and was trying to evoke a sense of national pride with these statements."

Tags:sex, objectification, women, commercial

Abstract
This paper explains that beer-making, which is a complex process involving the conversion of grains into usable sugars and requiring much skill and patience, has not changed fundamentally in centuries. The author points out that some people believe that beer-making originated about 10,000 years ago in Africa and was apparently made then, as it is now, from cereal grains. The paper relates that beer-making is captive to a sequential process, including a variety of essential ingredients, which must be closely adhered to if it is to achieve its full potential, at least in the eyes and palates of beer connoisseurs.

From the Paper
"For their part, hops and yeast also play key roles in the creation of commendable beer. To wit, the former is a "twining vine" that grows in the summer months and is commonly eaten as a vegetable with the leaves "blanched" and used a soup. But most of all, hops serve to add "bitterness and aroma" to a beer - even if they are considered an integral part of every brewing operation. Finally, yeast is another significant ingredient in the "typical" beer and it serves to convert fermentable sugars into alcohol - and into beer flavors."

Tags:hops, malt, yeast, sprouting, conversion

Abstract
The paper discusses the products of the company known as
Boston Beer, one of the most important beer companies in the United States of America. The paper discusses the background and marketing plans of the company.

outline:
Products
Promotion
Employees
Brewing Strategy
Competition
Financial Information

From the Paper
"As far as the brewing strategies that the company uses, it must be mentioned that they are two. On the one hand, Boston Beer relies upon brewery ownership. On the other hand, it makes use of contract brewing, using the excess capacity of other breweries. This provides the company with several advantages. First and foremost, it offers it flexibility. This allows it to respond better to the market changes as well as to avoid situations that might cause crisis situations. In addition, the mix of the two strategies mentioned above provides the company with cost advantages. It is highly important to mention the fact that the company chooses its collaborators on strict criteria which reflect the very beliefs that lay at the basis of the company's functioning."

Tags:pricing, strategy, traditional, investment, changes, health