Abstract
This book review discusses the underlying themes in Myla Goldberg's "Bee Season". The paper compares the world of spelling bees to Jewish mysticism and the Kaballah by exploring the borders between sanity and madness and analyzing religion and its relation to God.

From the Paper
"Eliza's talent for spelling, discovered when she wins her school spelling bee at the opening of the novel, is what finally distinguishes her from her role as just an average "C" student "from whom great things should not be expected." Upon hearing the news of his daughter's win, Saul is both surprised and ecstatic, seeing in Eliza a new light and the potential to fulfill an unrealized dream of his own. After winning both the district and regional spelling bees, Eliza is headed for the Nationals, and Saul takes it upon himself to practice with Eliza on a daily basis in his study. During their study sessions, Saul introduces Eliza to the theories of the 13th Century Kabbalist Abraham Abulafia on reaching God through the formation of letters. Saul sees in Eliza the same abilities that Abulafia possessed, and the potential to reach the transcendental state described by Abulafia that Saul himself was unable to reach. Eliza takes to this new discipline with passion and talent as she and Saul continue studying for increasingly long hours. While Eliza basks in the warmth of her newfound relationship with her father, the family dynamics fall apart and Saul is too preoccupied to notice that anything is wrong."

Tags:kabbalist, eliza, mys, jewish, studies

Abstract
The paper examines the movement that creates body language and expressions that convey the emotional, non-verbal component of communication in "Bee Movie". The paper aims to demonstrate how a believable performance is accomplished in animation. The paper clearly shows how the action is believable because of careful attention to details of movement and facial expressions.

Outline:
Construction of the Puppets
Movements of Characters
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Movement and performance are elements in an animated film that require awareness and attention to all the details of human actions on the part of the creator. Movement in animation is a language the animator must first analyze and then learn to express in order to produce smooth, lifelike action. The idea is to make it look as natural as possible, but ironically to produce that effect, the animator must exaggerate. This is as true in Bee Movie as in any other animated film. Movements must be bigger and bolder to make it work and create a sense of reality for viewers. The animated version of movement, then, imitates and enhances the real thing, which when compared to the animated, appears weak and less definite. Caricature is often part of the creation of characters as well as stylization."

Tags:body, language, expressions, emotions, animation

Abstract
This paper provides a discussion of the main theme and poetic elements of Kirwan Henry's poem "Bee Season." Elements of poetry such as onomonatopeia, metaphor, alliteration, consonance, personification and others are addressed.

From the Paper
"Good poets are said to be able to use the elements of poetry to provide universal insight and understanding from the local and familiar. In Kirwan Henry's poem "Bee Season", Henry achieves this goal of good poetry, one that is achieved through his use of poetic elements to reinforce his meaning. Beginning with his description of how bee stings are covering his body, the speaker in "Bee Season" appears to view the bees as somehow alien or foreign to him. The bees seem..."

Tags:metaphor, alliteration, personification, transcendence, nature, human dilemma

Abstract
This paper examines the consciousness of honeybees, with particular emphasis on thought processes and cognition. It specifically examines the research of Donald Griffin in "Animal Minds" and Clive Wynne in"Do Animals Think?" and uses their arguments of the existence or non-existence, respectively, of bee consciousness to augment an argument either for or against animal consciousness in general.

From the Paper
"The controversy over bee consciousness is very intriguing indeed. In my opinion, the two authors, Wynne and Griffin, agree on the level of thought in honeybees. What they disagree on is not the level of brain activity found in bees, but instead on the definition of the term consciousness. By the definition Griffin used, a computer should be considered conscious. By the definition Wynne uses, no animal other than humans should be considered conscious. Both authors give very strong details and support for their arguments, but I personally agree more with Wynne in his argument against bee consciousness. Simply because honeybees give directions to other bees, it does not mean they are conscious; my phone gives me directions when I am driving, and I would not consider it conscious. In the same example, simply knowing and conveying the status of some resource within the hive also does not demonstrate consciousness, as my phone 'knows' and can communicate to me my battery level, signaling to me I need to replenish it with that resource, in this case power. While I do not deny the fact that bees, and animals in general, think, I do not believe that honeybees are conscious beings."

Tags:bumble bee, thought community hive

Abstract
This paper explains that the cause of the agricultural problem of honey bee colony collapse disorder is now believed to be multifactorial. Next, the author reviews potential reasons for this mystery: parasite infestations, viral infections, environmental insults, GM crops, bio pesticides and changing bee culture agro-practices. The paper urges the adoption of an integrated pest management system to revive the honey bee populations while still limiting the damage caused by the pests so that the agro-economy is not injured.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Colony Collapse Disorder
Parasite Infestation
Viral Infections
Environmental Insults (A Potential Cause)
GM Crops and Bio Pesticides
The Changing Bee Culture
Integrated Pest Management (The Best Solution)
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Recently, the focus has shifted on a new virus known as the Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV). Studies have shown that the virus came from the infected Australian bees that were imported to the USA in 2005 due to the mounting pressure from the almond growers association. Since almonds solely depend on bees for their pollination, the lack of enough bees forced the US government to lift its 1992 embargo on bee imports. A recent study by Cox-foster identified the IAPV as a clear marker in the samples from the CCD affected migratory bee operations."

Tags:pollination, deserting, commercialized, metabolites, transporting

Abstract
This paper examines the British and Australian band that was originally a pop singer-songwriter combination and then reborn as funk and disco. It looks at the rise to fame of the brothers Gibb and how they have found their way into every corner of popular music around the world.

From the Paper
"Their first British LP, 'Bee Gees 1st' was critically acclaimed and considered innovation for its time (Bee pp). In 1968, two major hits, 'World' and 'I Gotta Get a Message to You' are still regarded as many critics as the band's golden years (Bee pp). Robin left the band in 1969 but returned in 1970 for the release of 'Lonely Days' and 'How Can You Mend a Broken Heart' (Bee pp). With no successful album, however, the group hit rock bottom and were generally believed to be finished (Bee pp). The band finally found the new sound they had been developing with their following album, 'Main Course,' which included 'Jive Talkin,' followed by 'You Should Be Dancing' and 'Love So Right' (Bee pp)."

Tags:gibb, brothers

Abstract
This paper shows how Sue Monk Kidd's "The Secret Life of Bees" uses themes such as racism, egality and the relationship between nature and spirituality to portray a journey that enables Lily, the main character, to establish self-identity and grow into womanhood. The paper focuses on how the natural world, and in particular the life of bees, play a significant role in Lily's journey into womanhood.

From the Paper
"Central to "The Life of Bees" (2002) is Lily's motherless state and the way in which this has left her with "unmistakeable signs of queenlessness" (p.1). The loss of her mother, which is one of the most profound traumas a child can face, is compounded not only by her father's unloving and insensitive nature, but also by the knowledge that she was somehow responsible for her mother's death. As such, Lily exists in a barren wilderness in which she creates elaborate fantasies about her mother, which are primarily based on receiving her mother's forgiveness, but which also portray her need for a mother's tender love. When dreaming of seeing her mother in heaven, for example, Lily longs for her mother touch: " ... and she would kiss my skin til it grew chapped, and tell me I was not to blame. She would me tell me this for the first ten thousand years" (Kidd, 2002, p. 3)."

Tags:mother, identity, nature, spirituality, self-forgiveness

Abstract
This paper reviews Sue Monk Kidd's 2002 novel, "The Secret Life of Bees". The paper summarizes the novel, set in the racially conflicting era of the 1960's, about the 14 year old protagonist Lily's journey to discover herself beyond the world she has known her whole life. The author praises the simplistic manner that Kidd uses to bring about the vividness of the characters in the novel and also discusses the bees' use as another character in the story to add a special note to the spirituality of the book.

From the Paper
" The journey the fourteen year old Lily undertakes in the novel is a journey that mirrors the transformations society in her time underwent. The contemporary reader is fascinated with the simplicity of this story while immersing in a world of phantasm and realism at the same time. Lily's imagination discovers new worlds and helps her have a better grasp of reality. The narrator's voice, Lily herself, tells the story of her life. She lives with her father and Rosaleen, her black caretaker, on her father's peach farm. Her mother died when she was four and the reader is allowed to guess that Lily accidentally killed her while her parents were engaged in a fight over her mother's immediate intention to leave."

Tags:racism, kinship

Abstract
This paper discusses the symbolism of the Black Madonna as it is used in Sue Monk Kidd's novel "The Secret Life of Bees." The paper examines the history behind the Black Madonna and then discusses the plot of the book, showing how Kidd uses the Black Madonna as an important symbol of women leadership within the "The Secret Life of Bees."

From the Paper
"The Secret Life of Bees uses the Black Madonna as an important symbol of women leadership. As August tells Lily, "Our Lady is not some magical being out there somewhere, like a fairy godmother. She's not in the statue in the parlor. She's something inside you" (Kidd, 288). This statement is the most important words of wisdom Lily receives throughout the entire novel. The statue in the parlor of the Boatwright home is just that: a statue. Lily learns that it isn't the statue that she needs to give her strength, but the idea it represents. It tells the story of a woman who broke chains, who escaped fate and inspired generations to come. These are the exact things that Lily does to find her new family and break away from T. Ray. "I leaned into them, felt them close around me. One thing is beautiful beyond my words to say it; August holding you" (Kidd, 238). Lily spends the whole novel on a search for her mother's story, as well as her own. She wanted to know the reasons why her mother left, and realized how unprepared she was for the truth when August told her. Lily is too wrapped up in the idea of her biological mother, she forgets about what a mother really is. The Virgin Mary, the Black Madonna's other form, is history's example of a mother. She is sensitive and firm, relatable and Divine. The Black Madonna is who teaches Lily that she has mothers all around her. Rosaleen's protection, May's caring, and August's love, Lily finds a mother in everyone around her, including herself. As stated at the end of the novel, "She is a muscle of love, this Mary" (Kidd, 302)."

Tags:symbolism, plot, character, strength

Abstract
This paper analyzes the symbolism contained in Mikhail Zoshchenko's short story, "Bees and People". Zoshchenko skillfully created a political satire that was able to slip through the cracks of Stalin's scrupulous censorship. The writer argues that each character represents a historical figure and presents a theory and proof, piecing together the historical puzzle.

From the Paper
"Joseph Stalin was a man of steel, in the sense of barriers, that is. During his prime in the 1940s, Stalin was a master of secrecy. He kept missions as significant as the "Manhattan Project" under wraps. His main medium of secrecy was censorship. After carefully selecting his censors, they were made well acquainted with a book called An Enumeration of Information Prohibited for Publication in the News Media. This clearly defined what was permitted and what was to be banished. Mikhail Zoshchenko was one such writer who passed Stalin's examination. His short story, "Bees and People," outlines just how Stalin's "community" works."

Tags:communism, literature, Russia, Stalin, censorship