Abstract
The focus of this paper is to look at the impact of the service oriented architecture in an organization. The writer discusses how companies can utilize the system and looks at the benefits and drawbacks of such a system.

From the Paper
"Some of the benefits of having such a system are the higher returns on investment, the re-usability of code, the better scalability and the ease of ensuring security. Some of the drawbacks on the other hand are that expectations of the system maybe hyped up by vendors, the system is evolving is still being tested by early adopters and sometimes scalability can be compromised."

Tags:service, oriented, architecture

Abstract
This paper examines the reasons behind the current growing popularity of the agent-oriented software approach, discussing the specific reasons that it is more powerful and more versatile and examining why such an approach is significantly better for specific network applications, such as community care facilities. The advantages of agent-oriented software (and object-oriented software, of which agent-oriented software is an extension) are compared to the advantages of the previously favored structured approach and the "software crisis" that prompted the changeover from the structured approach to the object-oriented, and then the agent-oriented approaches are also examined.

Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Databases and the Object-Oriented Approach
Literature Review
Further Considerations
Conclusion

From the Paper
"We all know that we are drowning in information. And we all also know that a good deal of the information that is floating around in the world today is just not all that useful " or at least not that useful for us. Thus we need powerful tools to help us organize and control the available information so that all the information that we need " and only the information that we need is accessible to us. This is especially true in certain situations such as community care and other social service and healthcare organizations where having access to the right information quickly can be a question of life and death."

Tags:object, database

Abstract
This paper introduces and analyzes the topic of problem-oriented policing. Specifically, it discusses two articles from the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Community-Oriented Policing Services (COPS) website and describe the approaches these articles use to address crime problems. The articles are entitled "Gangs" and "School Safety."

From the Paper
"School violence is much more than gang activity today, it can also come from outside the school in the form of vagrants, parents, and even strangers who are looking to kidnap or harm students, or even students themselves, who go on violent rampages and kill faculty and other students. While these activities are much harder to predict, there may be many indicators that are being overlooked in this area as well, and so, law enforcement agencies must educate parents, educators, and those who deal with students, from bus drivers to counselors and even school security guards, to be on the lookout for any unusual or potentially dangerous activities. If the same indicators can be identified for this type of violence, then there may someday be a way to target schools that might pose a higher threat for other type of safety issues, such as gun violence and child abduction, and this will ultimately lead to safer schools and safer students."

Tags:law enforcement, violence education community

Abstract
The purpose of this research paper is to determine whether or not women participating in traditionally male-oriented sports are likely to experience the same respect from both the media and the general public as women participating in other events. Specifically this study examines whether women have the potential to be treated equally when participating in male-oriented sports and whether they are as likely to succeed in men in the same venues. The researcher determines the extent to which women are portrayed as athletes in the news media. The paper explores the following questions: (1) Do women have the same opportunities as men in traditionally male-oriented sports, (2) Are women perceived in the same manner as men when participating in these sports and (3) Do these portrayals influence women's participation in sports. A comprehensive literature review is conducted to discuss these ideas further.

Paper Outline:
Purpose
Research
History of Women in Sports
Women in Sports Today
Status of Women in Male Dominated Sports
Discussion
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Wiley, Shaw & Havitz (1999) suggest that women are more likely than men to emphasize pleasure and enjoyment with regard to sports, whereas men are more likely to focus on the competitive aspects of a sport. However women also face higher levels of constraints, thus are only willing to participate when they remain highly motivated. Self expression is also discussed as an important aspect of sports participation, and the authors suggest that women participating in male dominated sports might have an increased sense of self and need to express themselves in an outward and competitive manner than other people (Wiley, Shaw & Havitz, 1999). This pattern was found in men and women alike."

Tags:Education, Amendments, competition, olympics, discrimination

Abstract
This paper examines the reasons behind the current growing popularity of the "object-oriented approach" in programming and as a result the lessening of popularity of the "structured" approach. The advantages of both forms of programming are examined. The "software crisis" that prompted this changeover is also examined. A number of case studies are presented, illustrating the use of object-oriented languages and programs with attention to what it is about object-oriented design that makes it so attractive currently for use in developing information systems.

From the Paper
"In the past two decades, and now occurring at an ever-faster rate, a vast collection of computer software has been designed to help people organize different kinds of information in the most efficient way possible. This paper examines one of the most important developments to have come out of this push for increasingly sophisticated information systems: The shift from structured approach to an object-oriented approach."

Tags:direct, management, framework, structure, project, communication, structured, sortware, computer, organize

Abstract
This essay discusses different approaches in policing, specifically community policing and problem-oriented policing. The article first describes aspects of community policing, which is a philosophy and management approach that promotes community, government and police partnerships and proactive problem solving to address the causes of crime, fear of crime and other community issues. The article then describes problem-oriented policing, in which police are less involved with the community but use research and analytical skills to fight criminal activity. The essay finds that both methods are effective, but emphasize solutions in different areas.

From the Paper
"When assessing the need for community policing, key elements should be included: entire departments' need to be involved, officers should have permanent assignments, training is needed for new recruits and seasoned officer, and emphasis should be placed on crime and the community the police serve. The two important elements for community policing are partnerships between the police and the community they serve; and problem solving, which focuses on the underlying causes of the community, which also includes crime."

Tags:policing strategies, crime, community, SARA model

Abstract
This paper discusses three cases: The funding of infrastructure improvements without creating unfair taxation in a city government, the returning of delinquent and abandoned properties to the tax rolls in a county government and the application of user fees to resolve a regional pollution problem. The author believes that even the schools can be more market oriented.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Tallahassee Florida: Market Orientation on a City Level
Cuyahoga County, Ohio: Market Orientation at a County Level
SCAQMD: Market Orientation on a Regional Level
User Fees

From the Paper
"In doing this, Tallahassee was following the example of the Federal Government's user fees, which, according to a report to Congress generated more than $196.4 billion in revenues during FY 96. The fees were agricultural commodity grading fees, trademark registration fees, and park entrance fees- [and amounted to] 12 percent of all federal revenues collected...and was more than twice the amount collected from excise taxes, estate and gift taxes and customs duties combined. User fee collections have grown steadily since the early 1980s and have played several roles in the federal budget."

Tags:infrastructure, properties, pollution, schools, fees

Abstract
This paper suggests that one needs to be aware of the dogma of object-oriented programming. Just as many problems have "natural" object-oriented solutions, equally many are best solved in a functional way. The author suggests that the best programs and projects are mostly a mixture of both.

From the Paper
"Data fields and methods are transmitted to the subclasses by their parent and ancestor classes, but the subclasses have the authority to override these with more specific versions. A virtual method is thus defined when it is able to override another, which means that the version chosen will determined at run-time. A wrong version might be used when, for example, one method is called from within another."

Tags:software, re-use, maintenance, interfaces, utilized, extensive, user, interface, libraries, toolkits

Abstract
The Object Oriented Hypermedia Design Model uses an object oriented framework to allow a concise description of complex information items, and allow the specification of complex navigation patterns and interface transformations. This paper provides an explanation for each step in the process and discusses. The past, present and future business uses of the model.

From the Paper
"A well-designed application is important because business owners understand that how a website functions will either create repeat customers or discourage customers from visiting the site. It is essential that a website is easy to navigate and that it functions in an efficient manner. It is also important for a business to be able to correct problems with the system quickly, which will prevent the loss of customers and profits. As a result of the demands that are placed on business to have an efficient website a precise software production process is needed. (Abrah?o, Fons, Pastor 2000, 2) The OOHDM process provides the stability needed to accommodate an e-commerce site."

Tags:internet, computer, program, information, multimedia, web-based, applications

Abstract
The paper relates that real-time data warehousing is emerging as a strategy many manufacturers are relying on to better synchronize their efforts with suppliers, commercial customers, warranty centers and service centers, in addition to channel partners. The paper proposes a dissertation that will evaluate whether manufacturers are attaining a positive return on investment (ROI) for adopting a real-time warehousing architecture and strategy. The paper outlines the conceptual framework and methods and methodologies for this dissertation.

Outline:
Introduction
Conceptual Framework
Analytical Methods and Methodologies
Conclusions

From the Paper
"Data warehouses have progressed from being repositories of data, used only by accounting and finance, to becoming an indispensable part of all departments' analytics and reporting requirements. Having transitioned from being the repository of data in the past to a platform for inter-departmental and inter-divisional analysis of results at the tactical and strategic level, data warehouses form the foundation of many organizations' business intelligence (BI), predictive analytics, customer segmentation, pricing modeling, and measures of operating effectiveness including manufacturing key performance indicators (KPIs). Corresponding to the exponential demands on data warehouses across organizations has been the demand for real-time data warehousing over batch-oriented processes. Getting data in real-time is also exponentially more costly on the one hand yet critical for manufacturing companies competing globally. "

Tags:batch-oriented, supply, chains, latency, product, customization