From the Paper
"The Dhimmi, Two Views

"Dhimmi" is a term applied to someone who lives in a Muslim society without being a Muslim (principally Jews and Christians). This paper compares and contrasts two books on the subject of the dhimmi--The Jews of Islam by Bernard Lewis and The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians under Islam by Bat Ye'or. This comparison and contrast centers on four points: (1) ways in which the authors express their views, (2) the subjects the authors choose to write about, (3) differences in subject matter, and (4) individual point of view.

As both works have a scholarly tone, neither one reveals particular emotions or views regarding the subject matter. Both are objective and factual, letting the ideas, facts, and interpretations speak for themselves. The formats and styles are ..."

Abstract
The paper discusses how the question "Could God know what it is like to be a bat?" is a seemingly factitious question that addresses a number of complex philosophical issues related to consciousness and its conceptualization. This essay explores this question, arguing the thesis that God could not know what it is like to be a bat, for this would require as a precondition the capacity of God to access the direct experience of the bat, which would necessarily require God to be a bat and not, in fact, God.

From the Paper
"The question "Could God know what it is like to be a bat?" is a seemingly factitious question that addresses a number of complex philosophical issues related to consciousness and its conceptualization. This essay will explore this question, arguing the thesis that God could not know what it is like to be a bat, for this would require as a precondition the capacity of God to access the direct experience of the bat, which would necessarily require God to be a bat and not, in fact, God. In addressing this question, given that the introduction of a deity into the debate brings with it a range of variables that would not be present..."

Tags:god, bat, mind

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses various issues that arise in Thomas Nagel's essay 'What Is It Like to Be a Bat?'

From the Paper
"Nagel believes that it is hard to know what it is like to be a bat because bats like every other conscious species possess a subjective character of experience. He defines this terminology broadly. No matter how the form may vary the fact that an organism has conscious experience at all means basically that there is something that it is like to be that organism. In other words bats have an essential quality that has a basis ..."

Tags:Thomas Nagel, What is it like to be a bat, Descartes, theory of mind, reductionism, physicalism

Abstract
In this paper, the writer provides the background for modern operations management (OR) and looks at the significance and relevance of operations management to business in this day and age, and to traditional business practices. According to the paper, business would not exist without operations management science and the science of OR remains relevant to business because it continues to evolve.

From the Paper
"In personalizing software usage, Ford is certainly eliminating the need for individual engineers and engineering within their company; now they advanced and exclusive computer generated software. The company, which has been failing for years, is behind General Motors as the second largest automaker in the failing automotive industry in America. However, the impact of an exclusive software engineering agreement for Ford is designed to achieve an expressed corporate goal of producing $7 billion in annual pretax profits..."

Tags:probability observations, supply chain, ford efficiency

Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the short story, "Envy; Or, Yiddish in America" by Cynthia Ozick. According to the paper, the story reveals the author's nuanced feelings toward the disappearance of the Yiddish language and culture. The paper discusses how, although on the surface "Envy" seems mostly critical of Yiddish writers-- as if they either are talentless or almost betray the Jewish community--its underlying message is that a once vibrant community has been destroyed to such an extent that its survivors are hopeless unless they are able to escape it. The paper reports that the story is about the need to rebuild in order to preserve at least some aspect of the Yiddish community Ozick loves and respects.

From the Paper
"Ozick structures her essay around the claim that "in order to believe in the real possibility of translation, the translator must believe in certain impossible theses... [which are] important, useful and false" (Metaphor and Memory 200). The first false premise a translator must accept is that poems are "uncovered" rather than translated "because without this belief a translation can never be seen as a thing achieved, concluded finished" (Metaphor and Memory 200). Thus, the hack fails even Ozick's first premise for translation. Although Ozick's essay focuses on poetry, the hack's translation methods stray so far from those suggested by Ozick that it is reasonable to conclude Ozick disapproves of the hack's technique. The hack continues to search for synonyms until Ostrover chooses one to his liking--she strays from Ozick's ideal in which a work is "uncovered" and the translator determines the final form of the work."

Tags:Yiddish assimilation Jewish Judaism, Holocaust Jacob Glatstein Isaac Bashevis Singer Diaspora

Abstract
The paper discusses Kierkegaard's second major work "Either/Or" as an analysis of his psychology. It shows that this work marked a postponement of that career and was the outcome of the fateful decision to break off an engagement and disappointment at not finding in Schelling's Berlin lectures a philosophical alternative to established Hegelianism. The paper shows that "Either/Or" portrays two life-views, one consciously hedonistic, and the other ethical in a way, which Hegelians would recognize except that the choice of the ethical is a personal one, not the outcome of a philosophical insight.

From the Paper
"From this look at Kierkegaard's psychology, it is according to the withheld explanation the pseudonymous works deliberately adopt an aesthetic point of view in order to loosen the grip on their readers of a falsely 'aesthetic' picture of religious fulfillment. They can also be read as mirroring their true author's own struggles as a social outsider playing with the thought that his literary talents and situation might have marked him out for a specifically religious mission. In Either/Or human fulfillment, corresponding to the second, 'ethical' stage in the progression from the aesthetic to the religious, meant choice of a self-wedded in a conventionally Hegelian way to shared social norms."

Tags:pseudonymous, production, The, Instant, Repetition, and, Fear, and, Trembling

Abstract
This essay analyzes Kierkegaard's novel "Either/Or" in order to judge how successful the author is in his refutation of Hegel's claim that "the inner is the outer and the outer is the inner". It first of all makes the point clear that when Hegel suggests a correspondence between the inner and the outer, it is meant to be a material correspondence. To elaborate on this point, it shows how this correspondence is central to the Western tradition, relating the dualism of Descartes, empirical skepticism, the epistemology of Kant, and finally the historical dialectic of Hegel. This is followed by a critical analysis of the novel. It is shown how the author mimics the Hegelian dialectic by first of presenting a thorough account of an aesthetical point of view, followed by a comprehensive account of the ethical perspective. The essay argues that Kierkegaard is successful in showing that there is no correspondence between these two perspectives on the material plane. It then discusses the final and crucial part of the novel in which the two perspectives are shown to be resolved through a "leap to faith". It is made clear that this resolution is not part of Hegel's claim.

From the Paper
"In a sense Kierkegaard's Either/Or is a systematic refutation of Hegel's thesis that the inner life potentially corresponds with the outer life. Hegel believed that the correspondence is realized through reason, and through the rational advance of human society. As a Christian, Kierkegaard also believed in the same correspondence, in the sense that everything is ultimately submerged in the unity of God. However, his particular refutation is against the material correspondence proposed by Hegel. It must be remembered that Either/Or is a novel, and the position stated in the preface is that of an anonymous discoverer of the documents presented in the book. This protagonist is a sceptic who is responding to the views presented in the first two documents, where the first champions the inner, or aesthetic, point of view, while the latter the outer, or ethical. But it is only through the third document, presenting the religious point of view of the friend of the Judge, that resolution is achieved, and the position of Kierkegaard is made thereby."

Tags:leap, to, faith, melancholy, angst, existentialism, alienation, historical

Abstract
This paper reviews Charles Brockden Brown's "Wieland; Or, the Transformation" and examines its overall theme and style. The paper identifies the literary devices utilized in this work and relates that Brown was the originator of the American gothic style of writing. The paper notes that Brown attempted to infuse a moral into his work while also making it an entertaining read.

From the Paper
"In Charles Brockden Brown's 1798 work Wieland; Or, the Transformation, written during his novelistic phase from 1798 to 1801, the reader is confronted with a very strange world, filled with equally strange characters, situations, events and literary extrapolations. Like many of his contemporaries, Charles Brockden Brown, a Philadelphia Quaker, was fascinated with the natural world, a possible reflection of his love for Romanticism and the Gothic; he was also highly concerned with the perfectibility of man, the abolition of injustice, the reform of American education and the relationships between men and women. In addition, as demonstrated in Wieland, Brown had been mentally stirred by the findings of a number of scientists living in Philadelphia, especially related to medical studies and the hidden powers of the human mind."

Tags:literary, device, style, theme, scenery, settings

Abstract
This paper analyzes Kierkegaard's "Either/Or" in relation to how the author resolves the issue of existential anxiety. The paper first explains the author's concept of anxiety, and how the grappling with anxiety represents the only authentic way of living. The paper then presents the author's thesis that neither the aesthetic nor the ethical approach to life is able to confront anxiety, and that it is only through a "leap to faith" that this is made possible. The paper also explains the structure of the book and how it relates to the author's approach to the question.

From the Paper
"The message of Kierkegaard's tract Either/Or is that neither the aesthetic nor the ethical life can deliver final fulfillment, and that the answer only lies in the unconditional submission to the will of God, which marks the religious life. In later books, like Fear and Trembling, he introduces the concept of anxiety. Ambiguity is said to be the fundamental characteristic of existence, and anxiety is described as the grappling with existential ambiguity. There is no release from anxiety, says, Kierkegaard, and it is only through a "leap to faith" that one may settle on solid ground (Hannay and Marino 207). Either/Or is Kierkegaard's first book, and here he does not offer the option of faith in a straightforward way, and instead explores the alternatives as a premise to it. The religious option is presented at the end, and in a relatively brief manner. "

Tags:angst, ambiguity, ethics

Abstract
This paper examines the determination, risks, benefits, costs and implications of IT Outsourcing. The paper explains that outsourcing is an arrangement in which one company provides services for another company that could also be or usually have been provided in-house. The paper looks at the various aspects of an IT service and how outsourcing and IT affect each other. The writer believes that only time will tell if outsourcing of the IT technology will be tomorrow's future or simply a temporary bubble in the industrial revolution.

Outline:
Introduction of Outsourcing IT
Determining if Outsourcing is Right for IT
Determining the Risks of Outsourcing IT
Determining the Benefits of Outsourcing IT
Determining the Overhead of Outsourcing IT
Determining if Outsourcing IT was the Correct Choice

From the Paper
"The 1990's opened up advancements in technology which became both a blessing for some companies but at the same time became an increasing challenge to keep up with the requirements to electronically link the suppliers and the customers. Businesses became faced with the challenges of re-engineering, downsizing, outsourcing, and restructuring in order to remain flexible and reactive. In the article "Just in Time for the Holidays" McNulty, E (2005 December) it was pointed out that Santa should stop thinking of himself as a victim of demand uncertainty. He needs to stop reacting to fads and start creating them." In this particular case the problem was reacting to the changing needs of the kids, in this case the changing requirements of the IT environment may be the same fad."

Tags:computer, information, systems, requirement