Abstract
This paper takes a look at the genre of music known as 'Bastard Pop'. According to the paper, 'Bastard Pop' is not a formal musical categorization, but rather a common, colloquial term for music that is the result of a fusion of different musical styles or elements, often using several different types of songs that are combined into one, new song or style.

Contents:
Definition
Is it Stealing?
Recent History
Artists and Critics Sound Off on Bastard Pop
The Grey Album: Is it art?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In the 1990s, the phenomenon of downloadable music made the ability to fuse and combine genres even more accesible to everyday computer users and listeners, even young persons with only a PC in their bedrooms. Disc jockeys and then ordinary listeners could develop mixing techniques that turned first the record player, then the home computer into an instrument. Such technology-driven creativity gave birth to first such musical genres as disco, then to hip-hop and finally house and techno. "These innovations not only radically changed their immediate cultural and social contexts, but also served as templates for a variety of other musical practices around the world, so much so that contemporary popular music would be unthinkable without them." (Wehelive, 2004) Popular music, the argument goes, depends upon copying, and without such self-referential techniques, modern music would be much poorer."

Tags:original, DJ, copy, downloaders, technology, rap, artist

Abstract
In this essay, the writer looks at David Lindsay's "Mayflower Bastard", that is a speculative work of historical nonfiction that tells the tale of one of the author's ancestors. The writer describes that the work openly spins creative, fictional scenes that dramatize likely dialogue, emotions, and motivations of its primary protagonist. The writer continues that the work creates a view of history that may or may not be true but elucidates the often shady moral origins behind the enforced immigration of some of the early Puritans, and the actual morality that governed Puritan society. The writer points out that the author evidently hopes that by chronicling incidents from the origin, indentured servitude, and final days of his ancestor Richard More, the 'Mayflower Bastard' of the title, the reader will gain a more morally complex and less judgmental view of the founding of the New England colonies.

From the Paper
"These colonies, Lindsay suggests, were made up of both saints and sinners, and many of the early inhabitants were not motivated to immigrate to the New World because of religious intolerance in England, rather they were forced to by circumstances beyond their control. For example, Lindsay's ancestor is an apparently illegitimate man named Richard More. More became one of the oldest living residents of the Plymouth Colony in Colonial Massachusetts, partly because he was one of the youngest passengers on the voyage of the Mayflower. Although much of the true nature of More's life has been lost, David Lindsay uses the details that do survive regarding Richard More's existence to demonstrate his more comprehensive thesis that life in Puritan New England was far less sanitized than might be evident in the common conception of a stringent, repressed society that has been passed down to us through images of Salem or even Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter."

Tags:colonies, immigrants, pilgrims, More

Abstract
This paper analyzes the similarities between Bone, the main character of "Bastard Out of Carolina" and Dorothy Allison, the author of the book. These two women undergone similar unpleasant experiences such as sexual abuse.

From the Paper
"This is a novel in the southern setting of Greenville, South Carolina. The main characters are of the Boatwright family. These people see themselves as very strong, proud, and independent. Ruth Ann Boatwright, also known as "Bone," is the center of the story. This book sees her character grow from a helpless child, to a very mature teen. It would be difficult for anyone to rise above the poverty and lack of education in this town, but somehow Bone gets through it all. From the beginning, it seems like a formula for failure. Annie Boatwright was her mother, giving birth to Bone at just 15 years old. Bone will never know the identity of her biological father, making her the forbidden bastard child. Her mother re-marries to a man called "Daddy Glen." From yet another previous lover, Annie has a child named Reese. The story follows this disjointed family through various moves, quarrels, and deaths. It is not long before Daddy Glen starts to strongly resent Bone, and turns his resentment into anger and lust. The story swells to a point where the mother, Annie, must make a choice between her husband or daughter. Bone finds that her mother has deserted her in the end, and at the age of 12 she is left to be raised by an aunt. After being molested, raped, beaten, and finally deserted, she still has a great respect for her mother. This story shows a little girl's strength to rise above hatred and betrayal."

Tags:poverty, rape, abuse, sexual, fire, physical, lover, lesbian, feminist, rage, mother, body, bruises

From the Paper
"Dorothy Allison had published collections of poems (The Women Who Hate . . . Me), short stories (Trash), and essays (Skin). In 1992, she published her first novel, Bastard Out of Carolina. The book, set in Greenville County, South Carolina, in the 1950's, is the hard-hitting, often downright brutal story of the teenaged narrator, Ruth Anne "Bone" Boatwright, the illegitimate daughter of Anney, who was poor, fifteen, and unmarried when Bone was born. The greatest shame in Anney's life was the stark red "ILLEGITIMATE" stamped across the bottom of Bone's birth certificate; she tries several times--and fails--to have the stamp removed from the record. Finally she marries a sweet young man, Lyle, and has a second daughter, Reese. Though they are poor, they are happy, and so when Lyle is suddenly ..."

Abstract
This paper discusses the four basic new ideas, values and opinions in the notebooks of Da Vinci, as analyzed in Julia Conway Bondanella and Mark Musa's "The Italian Renaissance Reader." The paper discusses the idea of intellectual elitism, the idea that painting is subtle and sculpture is crude, the idea of creation versus reproduction and the rejection of book learning and the emphasis and preference for observation and experience.

From the Paper
"The rejection of book learning and the emphasis and preference for observation and experience was an additional notion birthed in the period of the Renaissance. Da Vinci was not a university man, or a churchman. He highly valued experience and experimental behavior over any other type of learning. Da Vinci found that experience was far better and superior to any knowledge you could gain through institutions, such as schools and universities. He felt that learning from books, literary knowledge, was quite mediocre compared to experience. Experience and experiments were the ultimate learning tool for Da Vinci. The mere knowledge of text, without experience of what the literature spoke of was not the type of learning Da Vinci emphasized. "They will say that since I have no literary ability, I cannot properly express what I wish to deal with, but what they do not know is that my subjects are to be dealt with by experience rather than by words; and experience has always been the mistress of those who wrote well." Da Vinci knew that dealing with the subject itself was much better for the expanding of the mind and learning than merely reading about it, and thus greatly emphasized observation, experience, and experimentation."

Tags:intellectual elitism, sculpture observation

From the Paper
"Dorothy Allison, in her novel Bastard Out of Carolina, tells the story of Ruth Anne "Bone" Boatwright from her birth to the age of thirteen. Bone's story is one of poverty, loneliness, fear, anger, hunger, and especially physical and sexual abuse at the hands of her second stepfather, "Daddy Glen." Her mother protests at the time of the physical beatings Bone receives, but she is a partner in the crime because she does nothing about it until it is too late and the girl is finally raped and terribly beaten by Glen.

Bone finds friendship, role models and/or solace in her aunts and uncles, her sister, her friend Shannon, and in gospel music and the church. These people and things keep her going in the midst of the escalating abuse she receives from Glen.

Bone's story is as much the story of her mother, however, ..."

Abstract
This paper discusses the effect of societal norms in relation to the characters in Dorothy Allison's novel, "Bastard out of Carolina". The paper discusses Bone's relation to the women that surround her, especially her Aunt Raylene.

From the Paper
"In her novel, Bastard out of Carolina, Dorothy Allison portrays what might be viewed as the stereotypical "white trash" family. Such stereotypes are widely understood and often include many themes found in Allison's novel. Her employment of the themes of incest, and illegitimacy and certain ideologies of motherhood undeniably offer visions of the ugliness and injustices of poverty found in her novel. Allison's portrayal of her characters under such circumstances sets the stage for an analysis of her characters reactions and positions in an unsympathetic society."

Tags:maturity, Anney, Earl

Abstract
The paper illustrates how under William the Bastard, social, political and cultural relations interacted in his favor. Socially, England was a heavily settled country with London as an important commercial site. Anglo-Saxons were devout and intelligent people. However, at the beginning of his reign, England was a backward country and very vulnerable to attack. The paper relates that William noted the level of aggression among his people and was able to channel it.

Tags:social, political, cultural

Abstract
This paper discusses how Allison uses rhetorical strategies to show the danger of classification by social status. It explains how the author discusses social roles as they relate to a child growing up in South Carolina in the 1950s when social roles were much more defined.

From the Paper
"In this passage Allison shows that the Boatwrights discriminate against others just as they are discriminated against due to social rank. Grey and Earl hate the black children even though they have never talked. The boys take pride in the fact that the black children are afraid of them and that their parents force them to stay inside, so that there will not be trouble among the children. Regardless of the anger they feel when members of society differentiate them, the white trash, from themselves, the wealthy, they in turn do the same thing to black people, who are by race viewed as substandard because solely of their genetic background."

Tags:class, role

Abstract
The paper explores four books which are linked by the trauma of the women characters - "The Bluest Eyes" (Toni Morrison), "Jasmine", (Bharati Mukherjee) "Bastard Out of Carolina" (Dorothy Allison), and "White Oleander" (Janet Fitch). The paper shows how each book involves the story of a young woman who suffered abuse through no fault of her own and that although they take place at different times, different locations and to different types of young women, they are linked. The author touches on the thread of abuse towards women in real life.

From the Paper
"As a young girl she shows her strength when she saves the village women from a wild dog. Throughout her life in India, Jasmine, a young Punjab girl undergoes a series of changes. She is the embodiment of the fatalistic beliefs of the Hindu religion as she goes through cycles that allow her to become a mature woman in a new country, America. The story is told from the perspective that young woman in America as she recalls the life she lead in India, and how she came to America. Behind her is the oppression of females. Ahead of her is hope for a better life. In her is the clash of beliefs from the fatalistic Hindu, to the optimistic American. Along the way her name is changed several times until she winds up with the non-ethnic Jane, instead of Jasmine."

Tags:sociological, Astrid, Magnussen, Pecola, Cholly, Bluest, Eyes, Toni, Morrison, Jasmine, Bharati, Mukherjee, Bastard, Carolina, Dorothy, Allison, White, Oleande, Janet, Fitch