Abstract
This paper attempts to shed some light on the liturgical spirituality of St. Basil the Great through an examination of St. Basil's own letters and his work "On the Holy Spirit". To do so, the writer situates St. Basil's time frame and gauges it through his writings in order to elucidate St. Basil's theology and personal spiritual development. In addition, the writer looks at particular significant aspects of Basil's context such as cultural, social, and economic conditions during his period.

From the Paper
"Saint Basil wrote a whole treatise On the Holy Spirit that was composed around 375 C.E. It was a written as a defence of Nicene orthodoxy at the request of the Bishop Amphilochios of Iconium. Basil wrote this book during a time where persecution had ceased and when Christianity had become a "state" religion. He struggles incessantly to unravel the truth in a time of turmoil in the early medieval Church. Moreover, it was written during a time of great uncertainty for the Church."

Tags:turkey, reality, orthodoxy, poverty, edification

Abstract
This paper studies studies the main factors which led to the ultimate failure of the Council of Basel in 1449. It looks at how it was an organization that gave way to radicalism, its conflict with Eugenius IV and his successor Nicholas V and the loss of support the council suffered in its latter stages. It shows how the radical membership that the Council of Basel contained eventually destroyed it through a dispute that marked the end of the Conciliar movement of the late medieval period.

From the Paper
"The Papacy's acquisition of the support of the secular rules in particular The Holy Roman Emperor, was the main factor for the ultimate failure of the Council of Basel. In the early stages of the council both France and the Holy Roman Empire took a neutral stance, and from 1440-45
relations between Eugenius IV and the Empire changed little. However, circumstances changed this stance. Political exigencies in Hungary made friendship with Eugenius IV particularly desirable for the Emperor Frederick III. To gain the Emperors support Eugenius granted Frederick the right to nominate various Papal offices within his state, several benefits and most importantly he paid him a substantial sum of money."

Tags:conciliarism, eugenius, roman, emperor, france, pope

Abstract
An analysis and critique of John White Alexander's oil on canvas version of "Isabella and the Pot of Basil" from 1897. This paper goes through the nuances and details of the famous painting, as well as the haunting story behind its mysterious subject.

From the Paper
"Some of the world's best-loved paintings are based on ancient legends and stories. The visual combined with the verbal usually ends up producing a truly magnificent work of art, made all the more meaningful by having a story behind it, backing it up and expanding upon every detail. John White Alexander's oil on canvas version of Isabella and the Pot of Basil from 1897 is definitely one of these pieces. Based on Keats' 1820 poem of the same title, Alexander masterfully combines the tragic essence of the legend with the macabre actuality of what Isabella was doing."

Tags:alexander, analysis, boston, criticism, john, keats, mfa, paintings, white

From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to discuss and analyze the book, The African Genius, by Basil Davidson.


Davidson is a great admirer of the African culture in general, and the ability of the African people to survive. He is also very cognizant of the element of racism in European and American historians' discussion of Africa's history. As he puts it, it is still necessary to set African reality within its historical context "The anthropologists of the colonial period did not do this" (26). Davidson feels that most historians have looked upon African societies as being timeless entities without past or future.
The result of this approach, according to Davidson, was to "strengthen the impression of a complete otherness of African societies. Presented without history, as living in a perpetual..."

Abstract
This paper examines the themes of the meaning of money and the meaning of worth as well as the very definition of what the central characters are doing. The way in which the two children come to understand the difference comes about through their finding the money in the fountain.

From the paper:

"Oscar Wilde asked, and then answered his own question: "A man who knows the price of everything and the value of nothing." This book is all about the difference between money, on the one hand, and value. Claudia takes Jamie with her because of all the people she knows he has the most money. And they become fascinated with solving the mystery of the angel because they think it will lead them to great riches."

Tags:quest, adventure, rewards, mystery, angel, great, riches

Abstract
This paper discusses Basil Davidson's book, "The Black Man's Burden: Africa and the Curse of the Nation-States," illustrating the inappropriate path towards nationalism in Africa. The paper presents the author's own account and theory about how, in the midst of an almost politically free African region, its peoples have yet to experience true freedom in the sense that they cannot govern themselves effectively, often falling prey to the promises of nationalism, but failing to live the ideal model of a nation-state.

From the Paper
"Throughout history, the most marginalized race in most countries in the age of capitalism and technological advancement remains to be the African race. Driven to live a life of bondage through slavery in most Western societies and being colonized in their own land, the Africans have not yet defined their true sense of identity as peoples. Instead, what was developed in their psyche is the feeling that they were indeed a race that would inevitably experience prejudice and discrimination in any society in the world."

Tags:capitalism, technology, western

Abstract
The paper discusses how Davidson in his video series "Different but Equal" points to slavery as the reason for the prejudice inflicted upon African-Americans and Africans and contends that Davidson is over-emphasizing the degree to which slavery was a crime perpetuated upon Africans by whites. The paper argues that slavery was a major institution of the ancient world, and was not a racially coded one, and the construction of the races only arose out of the later ideal of democracy. The paper clearly shows how the basis for the perpetuation of negative stereotypes today is not due to slavery, but is instead due to the polarization of the fictional category of 'race' into black and white, primitive and civilized.

From the Paper
"However, it is not entirely true that only Africans were enslaved during the early period of institutionalized slavery--slavery was a major institution of the ancient world, albeit not a racially coded one, a fact which Davidson downplays in his focus upon European and African encounters as 'others.' His gloss of issues tends to cast black and white relations into binary terms, rather than questions the European construction of race as a category in general. After all, it is the European point of view that developed race, versus ethnicity or tribal identity, as a category of central self-definition. Even in the first decades of the establishment of the government of the New World, white individuals served as indentured servants. There were early attempts to enslave whites for agricultural labor, although these were abandoned, given the need for larger amounts of labor to discipline the terrain to produce cash crops in mass amounts. Tobacco farming in the fields of Virginia and Maryland was particularly labor-intensive, more so than what could be accomplished with white indentured servants. Few white indentured servants would endure the backbreaking and unhealthy labor in the fields, so in 1619, twenty Africans were brought to Jamestown by Dutch slave-traders, and these Africans were converted into the first enslaved labor force designed to produce tobacco for profit. "

Tags:prejudice, racism, democracy, inferiority

Abstract
This paper looks at the challenge of operating a business in a foreign country. The case study in this paper presents a specific business situation, describes the prevailing conditions which needed to be addressed, relates the decisions that were made, and examines the consequences of failing to apply sound business and management principles.

Outline:
Introduction
Case Overview
Case Analysis
Lessons Learned

From the Paper
"In a foreign business environment there is always going to be pressure on a manager to conform to prevailing cultural values and attitudes, but businesses succeed or fail in accordance with their adherence to sound business and management principles, not their adherence to cultural expectations. Many of the problems encountered could have been avoided or overcome if top priorities would have been established, such as making decisions based upon sound management principles, delegating authority to subordinate managers only if they have demonstrated competence and reliability, and ensuring that effective assistance could be obtained if corrupt business rivals seek to exploit their connections to undermine
the business or infiltrate it with their own people."

Tags:Russia, business, management, corrupt, decisions

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the book "The Picture of Dorian Gray," by Oscar Wilde. Specifically, it compares and contrasts the characters of Henry (Lord Henry Wotton) and Basil Hallward, illustrating their influence and interaction with Dorian, and the role each plays in his eventual downfall.

From the Paper
"Dorian Gray, the main character of the book, is young and beautiful. He is a shallow man, who only wishes that he did not have to grow old; his wish comes true, but at a terrible cost. Dorian remains young, while the portrait Basil painted of him grows old and hideous. Throughout the book, he is influenced by the strong personalities around him, particularly Lord Henry Wotton. Under Henry's guidance, Dorian commits murder, and two people close to him commit suicide, but nothing deters him in his quest for excitement and perfection."

Tags:henry, wotton, basil, hallward, portrait, age, beauty

Abstract
This paper analyzes the book "The Picture of Dorian Gray" by Oscar Wilde. The characters are described and their influences on each other are discussed. The paper portrays Lord Henry Wotten as Dorian's devil, his evil inner self, and Basil Hallward as Dorian's conscious, his guardian.

From the Paper
"Oscar Wilde's "The Picture of Dorian Gray" continues to mystify its audience. First published in 1890, it was originally criticized for being immoral. Wilde rewrote the novel and published it again the following year, this time with a pre-face announcing its theme of immorality. Set in late 19th century London, the novel centers around Dorian Gray and two of his "friends" Basil Hallward and Lord Henry Wotten."

Tags:basil, hallward, lord, henry, wotten, fate, beauty, age, artist, portrait