Abstract The paper describes various superstitions associated with baseball via a discussion of W.P. Kinsella's book, "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy". The paper first summarizes Kinsella's book and then goes on to discuss the many superstitions that abound in the game of baseball and explains how the main theme of the "The Iowa Baseball Confederacy" is about these superstitions.
Outline:
Introduction
Baseball and Superstition
From the Paper "The book The Iowa Baseball Confederacy continues the time honored tradition of superstition and myth by telling a fantastical tale of an Iowa exhibition baseball game played from July 4 to August 12, 1908 between the team called the Iowa Baseball Confederacy and the Chicago Cubs----a game that lasts for an incredible 2,614 innings. The author, W.P. Kinsella, tells the tale through Gideon Clarke, the protagonist who learns about the legendary game from his unusual father, Matthew. Matthew explains to Gideon that no record of the marathon-like game exists because of a great flood of biblical proportions that wiped out all evidence of the game. The flood took with it the Iowa Baseball Confederacy, all of which were lost in a crack in time. All knowledge of the game becomes actualized in Gideon's brain after his father commits suicide at County Stadium in Milwaukee by purposely putting his head in the path of a mean foul line drive. This leads Gideon to discover the crack in time, sending him back to July 4, 1908, where each team is preparing to play the big inning. The Chicago Cub players in the book use retired numbers from actual team members, and President Theodore Roosevelt appears as one of the cameo players, as he strikes out waving a big stick. Another well-known player, Leonardo da Vinci, also appears in the game proclaiming that he, not Abner Doubleday, invented the game of baseball. He states, "Unfortunately....I lived in a nation of bocce players. It took 300 years for baseball to become popular. By that time, my name was no longer associated with it" . Another player, Black Angel of Death, a cemetery statue, plays right field and is able to catch fly balls with her sculpted wings and no glove. Some of the stars on the Iowa Confederacy team include, Shoo Fly, Husk, Frank Pierce, Henry Pulvermacher, and Arsenic O'Reilly, while on the Cubs team players include Chance, Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and the pitcher Mordecai "Three Finger" Brown Other key characters include an ancient Indian warrior named Drifting Away, whose wife was murdered by White men."
Abstract This paper looks at the global spread of baseball, an American pastime that is now gaining popularity all over the world. The paper describes international baseball federations, which are now in 106 different countries on five continents. The paper also discusses that teams other than American ones are winning at the Olympics. The paper concludes with predictions for the future of baseball.
From the Paper "Many aspects of American entertainment, from sports to movies, popular TV shows to music, have become global in popularity in recent years. Many countries now have their own national culture and one which embraces movies television, programs, music and..."
Abstract The salaries of the baseball players when compared to their performance comes out to be justified according to the equity theory. This paper presents statistics and research studies that compare values and present that the players in Major League Baseball are neither underpaid nor overpaid, rather they get paid their just deserves.
Abstract The baseball is a game that has become a science to many. From the phenomena of a curve ball to the excitement of a home run physical science plays a factor. This paper explains that in baseball there is more to the game than what the ordinary fan sees, however, many scientists have spent time studying this extraordinary game. This paper looks at the physics behind hitting and pitching.
From the Paper "In order to be successful in the game of baseball, a baseball player has to apply the laws of physics. There is more to the game than what people see. "Baseball is like church, many attend but few understand" said Wes Westrum, who coached the San Francisco Giants in 1962. A position player has to position himself according to the wind, the speed of the pitch being thrown, the type of pitch being thrown, the placement of the pitch, and the speed of the batter's swing. While a pitcher takes into account the humidity and the way the wind is blowing to determine the best way to put the batter out. All players rely on their quick reflexes and hand eye coordination to play our nation's pastime. In this brief essay I will discuss how the laws of physics apply to the game of baseball."
Abstract This paper addresses several elements of MLB, including the governance of the game and the baseball Commissioner. Other topics addressed by the paper are: relations between players and club owners, suspensions and appeals, baseball scandals, and the composition of club organizations and leagues.
Tags: steriod, league, commissioner, baseball, club owners, appeals, suspensions
Abstract This papers looks at judgemental errors that occur during negotiations, using the Major League Baseball strike of 1994. The paper examines the factors involved in the cause of the strike and how the conflict was finally resolved.
From the Paper "Ignoring the cognitions of the other parties when assessing the negotiation situation as stated by Bazerman can lead to what is called the "winners curse" This usually happens when others fail to consider the perspective of the other parties. Winning becomes the main motive - this is especially true considering that both parties were concerned with saving face. As early as the late 1960's the players adopted an adversarial stance to which the owners responded with distrust, disrespect, name-calling, and lack of accommodation for the players. (Staudahar) All parties were self absorbed in their own issues and did not take into consideration the cognition of the other parties involved. This also affected the behavioral atmosphere at the bargaining table."
Abstract This paper considers immediate causes and remote causes of a brawl at a baseball game between the two teams. It also looks at the Impact of the emotionally charged competitive atmosphere of the game.
From the Paper "In the picture of the baseball brawl more than a team's worth of players are shown in various stages of beating each other up. It is possible that some of the players are trying to break up the .."
Tags:baseball, brawl, cause and effect, personal essay
Abstract This paper discusses the use of analytical procedures for auditing the Burlington Bees baseball team's ticket sales. The author has written the paper in the format of a memorandum.
From the Paper "Memorandun To Ms. Bouin, Partner in Charge of the Engagement. From Ms. Kramme. Date: May ... . Subject: Burlington Bees Ticket Revenues Derived from Analytical Procedures. An analysis of attendance statistics indicates that expected ticket revenues for the Burlington Bees ..."
Abstract In this article the writer examines the use and abuse of steroids in the baseball game. The writer describes the current problem regarding such drugs in the sport field. Testing procedures and the subject of cheating are examined in this paper. The writer also discusses the reasons that athletes take these dangerous drugs.
From the Paper "According to a medical expert quoted in an article in Sporting News written by Dave Kindred, most users and suppliers are so sophisticated that only the stupid, careless and foolish professional baseball players get caught using banned substances. Kindred reminds readers that steroids cause acute acne liver dysfunction, renal failure, testicular atrophy and brain cancer. Other known side effects of steroid abuse range include violent behavior, kidney cancer, infertility, baldness and even transmission of HIV, if the syringes used to inject the drug are shared ... "
Tags: abuse of performacne enhancing drups steriod abuse, baseball, banned substances, health consequences
This well-researched paper examines not only whether Japan has the capability to create nuclear weapons but whether or not Japan already has these actual weapons.
Abstract This in-depth paper explores the sometimes fragile alliance between Japan and the U.S. and ponders whether or not Japan is capable, from a technical standpoint, of creating nuclear weapons. This paper delves into the possibility that Japan may already have nuclear weapons in its possession. A large number of Japanese citizens and successive governments have favored continuing the alliance with the U. S. which involves enormous reliance on American security and military power to protect Japan from attack. This paper defines article 9, the renunciation of war, of Japan's Peace Constitution. The writer also discusses the economic benefits in developing and maintaining nuclear weapons. This well-researched and informative paper considers some of the means Japan could employ to gain greater military autonomy which includes completing the development and production of advanced weapons such as the FSX fighter. This paper also discusses the various groups and parties that oppose nuclear weapons including the Japan Council against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs.
From the Paper "Considering that the huge military-industrial complex of United States is an often-criticized force in the American economy and that maintaining a similarly high level of expenditures on weapons was a critical factor leading to the economic and political failure of the former Soviet Union, many in Japan are understandably content not to have a defense industry of a comparable magnitude. But there are some Japanese willing, and even eager, to duplicate or surpass American state-of-the-art military technology. Those who wish to see Japan more independent of reliance on the American power, who believe Japan's future is dependent on an autonomous defense establishment, favor the concept of Kokusanka or, indigenization of defense production."
Abstract This paper examines how history has had a considerable impact on Japan's relationship with Southeast Asia. The experience of the Japanese colonialism and the atrocities of the WWII participated in a persistent anti-Japanese resentment in the region with the result that Japan's foreign policy has had to deal with serious suspicion and difficulties to rebuild mutual understanding between Japan and Southeast Asia. It also looks at how the experience of the Cold War and Japan's submission to the U.S. economic and security interests have constituted an important obstacle to Japan-Southeast Asia interaction.
Outline
The Legacy of the Japanese Military Expansionism in Southeast Asia Before 1945
A Difficult Japan-Southeast Asia Interaction after 1945: The Japanese Foreign Policy Choices in a Confrontational World Order
Balance: Japan and the Challenge of Reconciling History With the Future of a More Globalised World
Conclusion
From the Paper "The Japanese historical presence in Southeast Asia thus can be considered to have participated in the development of forthcoming antagonisms precisely in this region during the Cold War. In this respect, Takashi Inoguchi's analysis of the impact of the Japanese occupation on Vietnam is particularly relevant. Indeed, he insists on the fact that Japan's colonisation of Vietnam led to a considerable exploitation of the country's resources which resulted in the emergence of nationalist movements and doctrines that would be then appropriated and exploited by confrontational ideologies during the Cold War. "
This well-researched paper examines the historic events that led to the introduction of Christianity into Japan's culture and society, as well as the political leaders who tried to ban its existence.
Abstract This paper explores how Portuguese and Spanish Roman Catholic missionaries introduced Christianity to Japan in in 16th century. This paper discusses Japan's perception of Christianity which is linked with imperialist culture of the west and was believed to be a threat to the political control in Japan. The writer describes the ban on Christianity between the 17th-19th centuries in which Japan continued to exhibit intense antagonism towards the religion, but, as the imperialist power grew and Christianity dimensions were explored, the ban on the religion was lifted in 1873. This well-researched and informative paper focuses on the spread of Christianity in Japan, the level of acceptance and rejection as well as the history of this particular religion in Japanese culture and society.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Coming of the Religion
The Acceptance and Rejection Philosophies
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "Japan, long before has been identified with a history of superior political stability that let particular tribe ruler to poise each other out in the dominion of authority . During this time and before this time the presentation of overseas ideas developed in to the religion that we call native for Japan . Because Japan happen to be increasingly integrated into the administration of the imperial family for the duration of the fourth and the fifth centuries, the religious conviction became of tool for political control . Afterwards, albeit the imperial control was in spite of everything, intense, Japan developed into an isle of cultural swap in the middle of China, Korea and further south east Asian nations."
Tags:japan, portugal, spain, culture, theology, western, political
Abstract The paper examines the role of Japan's military on the world stage. The paper relates that historically, Japan's military has served an imperialistic world internationally, however, today there are other countries in Asia whose economic and military might is equal that of Japan's. The paper shows how for this reason, Japan's approach and use of the military has to be more diplomatic.
From the Paper "In the twentieth century, Japan's military role was pretty much defined by expansionism and imperialism. From the first Sino-Japanese War of the late nineteenth century to the end of the World War II, Japan was a major military power in the world. After the defeat of Japan in 1945 and the end of the War, Japan spent a great deal of time redeveloping the country and defining its role on the international scene. During this period, Japan expanded its economic influence in foreign markets, as the United States became the primary trading partner."
Abstract This paper discusses the key features of Japan's foreign policy and also studies the reasons that exist behind its peace-oriented strategies. The author finds that Japan brought significant changes to its centuries-old foreign policy on two occasions during the 20th century. This paper focuses on the importance of world events which prompted Japan to abandon its policy of isolation and passive diplomacy and urged it to adopt a more positive, active and independent foreign policy.
From the Paper "In order to understand the key features of Japan's foreign policy, it is important to take a look at the history of Japan's foreign policymaking. Since the Edo period, the country was interested more in protecting its borders from foreign attacks and threats and less in developing healthy positive relations with other countries of the world. Japanese policymakers were of the view that increase in power and might would help the country secure its borders against foreign aggression, but the problem was that, in doing so, the country completely forgot about development of healthy diplomatic relations."
Tags: edo, foreign, japan, period, policy, relations, us, positive, peace, independent, 20th, century
Abstract In "The American Occupation of Japan: The Origins of the Cold War in Asia", Michael Schaller discusses how American foreign policy toward Japan prioritized that country's position in the Cold War. The overall objective of American foreign policy makers was to use Japan as a buffer against communism in Asia.
