Abstract This paper addresses the Cohn Brothers' film "Barton Fink" in terms of its relevance to the term "subjective reality". Here, "subjective reality" refers to the non- conventional way of presenting the film, rather than the standard narrative provided by the Hollywood blockbusters.
Tags: FILM STUDIES / MOVIE REVIEWS, ANALYSIS, CRITICISM, subjectivity barton fink
Abstract In this article the writer covers the life and work of ClaraBarton. The writer discusses how Barton risked her life for others offering medical care on the battlefield. Further, the writer notes her work for the American Red Cross. The writer points out Barton's devotion and commitment to humanitarian relief. The writer maintains that dedication was perhaps her greatest asset when it came to successful leadership. The writer concludes that it is through reviewing Barton's life, and understanding her leadership skills, that nurses can better discover how to become leaders themselves.
Outline:
Abstract
Early Personal History and Career
ClaraBarton and the Civil War
Barton Goes to Europe
Barton and the Ratification of the Geneva Convention
Barton and the Early American Red Cross
Barton's Successful Leadership
References
From the Paper "When the Civil War erupted, Barton was in Washington. As she had proven many times in her life, prior to this point, Barton was not one to sit idly by. She was determined to actively assist the Union. In the beginning, Barton gathered and distributed supplies for the Massachusetts troops that were stationed in Washington. However, by the second year of the war, the tales of hardship and misery on the frontlines, led her to request permission to go to the battlefield. Thanks to the support of prominent Republicans, Barton was given permission to go to the front, from a reluctant War Department."
"Barton's first battlefield experiences at Culpepper and Fairfax Station, Virginia shocked her. She personally took charge of the medical and supply gap for the next three years."
Abstract This paper presents an historical account of ClaraBarton's heroic service as a Civil War nurse, her active involvement in the suffragist movement, her nursing and social services work in Europe, and her successful involvement in forming the American Red Cross.
From the Paper "When picturing the atrocities of war today, one usually envisions the ungodly sight of a soldier being shot or blown up. The pain and anguish of a person's face as well as the assailed and bloody body hitting the ground readily come to mind. In the Civil War, however, much of the death and gore did not occur on the battlefields but in the so-called hospitals. Because most people believed the war was going to last only a few months or weeks there was no real effort to recruit doctors. At the beginning of the Civil War, there were 36 doctors in the whole United States and 12 of these surgeons went to the South to serve. Surgeons had no formal training in the art of medicine."
Tags: amputation, cedar, mountain, angel, of, the, battlefield, union, nurses, missing, in, action, treaty, of, geneva, united, states
Abstract This paper provides a brief history of the Portuguese immigration to California which began on September 18, 1542. It looks at how today the Portuguese in Santa Clara have indeed come a long way since the time their forefathers first settled in the beautiful valley dotted with orchards and dairy farms. Now named Silicon Valley, the city is home to the silicon chip industry, which is the backbone of the multi billion dollar computer hardware industry. It shows how the dedication and spirit of enterprise shown by the members of the local community have contributed in no small measure to the tremendous economic and social development the city has witnessed over the past century.
Outline
History of Portuguese Immigration into Santa Clara Portuguese Culture and Heritage
The Portuguese Historical Museum
Economics and Commerce in Santa Clara Conclusion
From the Paper "The Portuguese community had developed a closely-knit, supportive culture through the channels of community centers and organizations that they set up, and by periodic cultural events that were held by them. Dedicated to preserving the culture and heritage of their homeland, the early Portuguese settlers started many fraternal organizations. Foremost among them was the Sociedade do Espirito Santo (S.E.S.), which was founded on December 16, 1895 in Santa Clara6. The S.E.S. Corporation building now stands at the corner of Lewis and Lafayette Streets, and this is the place where annual celebrations and social functions are held."
Abstract This paper examines how Charles Brockden Brown, frequently called the father of the American novel, believed he wrote strong, independent female characterizations in his novels. This paper refutes that supposition by demonstrating how dependent Clara is on her brother in Brown's 1798 novel, "Wieland". It explores how every action and reaction on Clara's part shows just how much of an archetype of the typical 18th century woman Clara really is.
From the Paper "Charles Brockden Brown includes many elements of Romantic literature, the emphasis on the imagination, a predilection for the mysterious, the weird, the occult, the diseased, and even the Satanic, in the dark image of Carwin. He allows Clara, through his selected mode of storytelling, (epistolary) to examine the human personality, in search of spiritual and rational truths. Brown knew that "Romantic critics such as Schleiermacher called for readers' sympathetic identification with the author" (Leitch 12). He understood that "writing books that sold required entertaining as well as edifying their readers" (Lauter 1233). Brown was astute enough to realize that the developing changes in the country after the American Revolution, with the advent of factories to manufacture the goods formerly produced by women in the home, created an audience of educated, idle women (Lauter 1243)."
Abstract This paper argues that in her novel, "Mary Barton", Elizabeth Gaskell is trying to offer knowledge as a solution in reducing class tensions and in giving the rich and the poor a better understanding of each other. The paper uses female characters and their roles in the public domain as a medium for demonstrating this.
From the Paper "City life in the 19th century ushered in a difficult and conflicted era for women. Torn between the necessity of remaining in the domestic sphere for the sake of the maintenance of a comfortable family life for all, and the new, frequently arising necessity of entering the public sphere, women of lower classes became obligated to undertake the double burden of balancing traditional roles and roles in the workplace and other public venues. Staying home and entering the public domain both offered many consequences, and left women's practical options unclear, and also created an ever-greater rift between their ways of life, and those of wealthier women, who typically remained entirely in the domestic sphere. Elizabeth Gaskell's 1848 novel, Mary Barton, displays the intricacies of a variety of female lives, rich and poor, public and private, under extremely trying and class-dividing circumstances, those of the Industrial Revolution. Gaskell tends to represent women as actively engaging in public urban life out of necessity rather than out of any personal desire to do so, and she uses the idea of balance as an important issue which also relates to class tensions. Mary Barton's message to women is that they must cautiously advance into the public domain, but not neglect the ill effects and the dangers of such a move, and rather be aware of the positive and negative aspects of life in the private and public spheres. This awareness of both sides of an issue is additionally reflected in Gaskell's compromise-centered views on class tensions and reconciliation, which is to do what one must for one's own station in life, but to remain aware of the effects on others of different classes, and to find a balanced "happy medium" in one's actions."
Abstract This paper describes the experiences during Clara Maass's short life. It tells how she was raised and trained to be a nurse and how she served during the Spanish American War. It explains how she served selflessly, was exposed to many diseases, and finally died from yellow fever at age 25.
From the Paper "When we hear stories of courage and sacrifice, we do have a hard time believing them because of the fact that the world today is so full of selfishness, greed and hatred that sacrifice for the sake of the mankind has become a very rare trait. However Clara Louise Maass (1876-1901) had in trait so deeply embedded in her character that it proved fatal for her. She is the first nurse to ever have been honored by the US government on a commemorative stamp. To give your life for the sake of others is indeed a rare phenomenon these days and to give it at the young age of 25 is even rarer and for this reason Clara Maass? life is source of inspiration for millions around the globe."
Abstract Charles Brockden Brown, often credited as the "Father of the American Novel" and the author of the first American novel, believed he supported a feminist viewpoint and that his female characters were strong independent women. This paper disagrees with Brown and, instead, details why Clara, the heroine of his novel "Wieland", is the archetype of the typical 18th century woman, dependent on a man and incapable of making rational decisions.
From the Paper "Although Leslie A. Fiedler calls Charles Brockden Brown the ?inventor of the American writer," and sees the revolt of the European middle classes translating in America to "feminism and anti-intellectualism," Brockden Brown seems to have a problem imbuing Clara, his narrator in Wieland, with these same qualities (145). From the one-line reference [in the Advertisement] to the book's narration by "the lady whose story it contains," to the final explanation of that narrator's marriage to a man who placed her in an untenable (and life threatening) situation with his erroneous and unspeakable accusations, Charles Brockden Brown has created, in the character of Clara, an accurate representation of the predicament of the typical eighteenth-century American woman."
Abstract The biography of Clarissa Harlowe Barton cannot be written without also writing at least in some measure the history of the American Red Cross as well as that of the history of nursing. This paper examines the work of the founder of the American Red Cross, looking at both her own life and at her work during the major battles of the American Civil War. In order to set her work in the proper historical framework, the paper also provides a very brief overview of the history of nursing as a profession, a profession which Barton is ? along with Florence Nightingale ? responsible in many ways for creating in its contemporary form.
Although this paper focuses on the work that Barton performed during the Civil War, it also mentions her relief work in the yellow-fever pestilence in Florida (1887); in the Johnstown, Pennsylvania, flood (1889); in the Russian famine (1891); among the Armenians (1896); in the Spanish-American War (1898); and in the South African War (1899-1902). The last work that she personally directed was the relief of victims of the flood at Galveston, Texas, in 1900, before she died in Glen Echo, Maryland, on April 12, 1912.
From the Paper "During the depression of the 1930s, many nurses were unemployed, and the number of schools declined. World War II, however, brought about another increased demand for nurses. The Cadet Nurse Corps, established in 1943, subsidized nursing education for thousands of young people who agreed to engage in nursing for the duration of the war. Since the end of World War II, technological advances in medicine and health have required nurses to become knowledgeable about sophisticated equipment, to learn about an increasing number of medications, and to design nursing care appropriate for the health care delivery system during a period of rapid change. Barton's nursing work on the battlefield helped lay down the fundamentals for nursing during wartime, and the work of nurses in MASH and other military units throughout the 20th century owes much to what she saw and did during the Civil War."
Abstract This study will analyze Elizabeth Gaskell's novel Mary Barton as a portrait of English society during the Industrial Revolution. The study will focus on the significance of the author's descriptions of the social classes, focusing on the members of the working class and their relationship with their employers, the changes which Mary and John Barton undergo as a result of their socioeconomic struggle, and the author's apparent suggested solutions to the injustices of her day, which will be shown to be woefully inadequate and idealistic.
From the Paper "This study will analyze Elizabeth Gaskell's novel Mary Barton as a portrait of English society during the Industrial Revolution. The study will focus on the significance of the author's descriptions of the social classes, focusing on the members of the working class?and their relationship with their employers, the changes which Mary and John Barton undergo as a result of their socioeconomic struggle, and the author's apparent suggested solutions to the injustices of her day, which will be shown to be woefully inadequate and idealistic.
The heart of the book is the choice the protagonist, Mary Barton, must make between a rich man and a working class man. Of course, that message immediately introduces the restrictions under which women lived in the early Victorian 1840s in Manchester, England, where the story takes place. Rather than ..."
Abstract This paper is a literary analysis of Meridel's book "The Girl". The author examines how the main protagonist, Clara, and the Girl, who is representative of all women in society, are opposite personalities. The paper discusses how Clara, a prostitute, seeks salvation and dreams of a better life, but the Girl does not just dream; she takes action.
From the Paper "Meridel's novel, "The Girl" is a story that strikes many chords. A story that makes a statement that can be heard just as loudly today as it was yesterday in 1978 when first written. Clara is a woman that represents all women, the weaker side in a society that preys on just that. "The Girl" is a woman who represents all us all, too; she is the stronger, more proactive side in the face of anything. Both of these women are making peace with their pasts and their future."
Abstract Freudian psychology was already evident in the literary work of Charles Brown, author of the novel, ?Wieland,? written in 1798 In this novel, Brown wants his readers to contemplate the degree of understanding that society has about morality, ethics (what is right or wrong), and justice. This paper discusses how deviation from the moral standards of the society is characterized through the characters of both Clara and Theodore Wieland; only, Clara has a firmer tolerance for and hold over the standards of morality imposed on the society than Theodore, which explains why, towards the end of the novel, he succumbs to his own desire to let go of his suppressed feelings, eventually resulting in the murder of his family. In effect, "Wieland" addresses how the moral fiber of society is weakened if the individual is not able to conform or tolerate the norms established for people; it is only by expressing intolerance that morality regains its strength, and stability in society is restored.
From the Paper "In the author's introduction of the novel, he shares his own thoughts about the inspiration that made him create the novel. Sub-titled as ?the transformation,? "Wieland" already gives the reader an idea of the main thrust of the novel?that is, it deviates from stereotyped depictions of a stable and moral society. Instead, what the readers will witness is the life of the Wielands, whose "transformation" is meant to "awaken" readers about people who subsisted instead to their individual choices. In this section, Brown states, ?It is hoped that intelligent readers will not disapprove of the manner in which appearances are solved, but that the solution will be found to correspond with the known principles of human nature.?"
Abstract This paper discusses how an important theme within D. H. Lawrence's 'Sons and Lovers' is that of relational opposites and how a particularly notable polarity exists in the rivalry between the characters, Miriam and Clara, in their respective sexual relationships with Paul Morel. The paper looks at how clues suggesting the nature of these relationships are imbedded in specific imagery throughout the novel. The paper also analyzes the image of the wren's nest passage in relation to Paul and Miriam, and the River Trent passage in relation to Paul and Clara, to help establish and clarify the tone of these specific relationships.
From the Paper "In the same way that the wren's nest passage reveals insights into the relationship between Paul and Miriam, so too the Trent River passage provides insights into the relationship between Paul and Clara. On one remarkable outing to the river Trent, Paul buys Clara "a bunch of scarlet, brick-red carnations" (Lawrence 350). The couple enter a dark and wet grove, the track of which is sticky with fallen leaves - Lawrence's imagery is clearly sexual. "Laughing, she looked down into his eyes. Then she leaped, her breast came against his, he held her and covered her face with kisses" (352). From the very beginning of this scene we see a marked difference in the relationship between Paul and Clara versus that of Paul and Miriam. While Paul buys Clara flowers, she does not seek to absorb them into her soul, and they are not part of a religious experience."
Abstract This paper discusses some of the major events of the first half of the previous century. It looks at Populists and Progressives, Women, the Nineteenth Amendment, Ku Klux Klan, Open Door Policy, FDA, CCC, The Great Depression, Woodrow Wilson, Upton Sinclair, George Perkins, Bruce Barton, Langston Hughes and more.
From the Paper "The beginning half of the twentieth century was marked in the United States by whirlwinds of change. The country fought the first world war, enjoyed economic unity, was crushed by the Great Depression, and finally started back on the road to recovery all in a matter of three decades. Many political and social movements arose during these times. . . All of these events and many more define the early twentieth century, a time marked by a complex and storied history."
Abstract This paper discusses how Elizabeth Gaskell reflects the difficulty of urban life for the working class of England in the 1830s through her book, "Mary Barton". It also examines how she reflects these hardships through her characters in the novel.
From the Paper "While the characters of the novel depict the harsh reality related to the working class in Britain, Gaskell also describes the reality of poverty very vividly with the physical environment. One example of this can be seen when we read about the Davenport's home, where the "window-panes, many of them, were broken and stuffed with rags, which was reason enough for the dusky light that pervaded the place even at midday" (Chapter 6). In addition, the narrator tells us that the smell in their cellar "foetid" (Chapter 6) and within the dark place they saw, "three or four little children rolling on the damp, nay wet brick floor, through which the stagnant, filthy moisture of the street oozed up; the fire-place was empty and black; the wife sat on her husband's lair, and cried in the dark loneliness" (Chapter 6). This is a horrifying account of how people lived."
