Abstract
This paper looks at how the true nature of man, one of barbarism, is depicted in three works: Jack London's "To Build a Fire", Mark Twain's "Huckleberry Finn" and Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery". More specifically, the paper describes how the traveler challenges nature in Jack London's "To Build a Fire" and how Tom and Huck run of with a group of friends to become a barbarous, bloodthirsty gang of thieves in Mark Twain's "Huckleberry Finn". The paper also describes the population's barbarous nature with their need for the lottery in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery". The paper shows how these three authors all highlight how the modern world is never far from its barbarous past, no matter how civilized human beings pretend to be.

From the Paper
"The path that modern people walk, across the balanced precipice between civilized and barbarous is frequently fictionalized. For many authors and readers alike the need to remind one's self of the precarious nature of the human condition comes as a reminder of older wisdom, that of the barbarian and newer realities, those of the modern world. Modern man, by most accounts is simply balancing the fact that he or she is a barbarous animal living within the confines of modern conveniences."

Tags:barbarian, atrocities

Abstract
The paper discusses how history is written by those who are victorious, and as they do so, they demonize the losing side and thus make their own group appear more reasonable, more moral, and more advanced. The paper argues that this view persists to this day, seen recently in some in the West who, as they fight against depraved and terrorist acts by Islamic groups, seek to make Islam itself something inferior, something immoral, something less valuable than Western religion.

From the Paper
"Images of barbarism and civilization are contrasted throughout history, often as the party using such language is trying to show that it is superior and the barbarous group is inferior. It has been stated more than once that history is written by those who are victorious, and as they do so, they demonize the losing side and thus make their own group appear more reasonable, more moral, and more advanced. This view persists to this day, seen recently in some in the West who, as they fight against depraved and terrorist acts by Islamic groups, seek to make Islam itself something inferior, something immoral, something less valuable than Western religion. This same idea was used during and after the colonial era as..."

Tags:history, civilization, barbarism

Abstract
The paper looks at how Shakespeare often uses the word "barbarous" in this play in direct relation to the superiority of Roman civilization. The paper discusses how when Titus and Lucius define Tamora and Aaron as "barbarous", the singular nature of their accusations often provide problems as to the true civilized intent of their interaction with the vanquished Goths.

Tags:shakes, titus, barbarous

Abstract
This paper argues that the participation of the average German soldier in barbarity in this conflict was because of the acceptance throughout all levels of the German military that they were participating in a crusade.

Tags:action, de, humanization, lebensraum, propaganda, race

Abstract
The book "Barbarous Mexico" is Kenneth Turner's account of his visits to Mexico from 1908 to 1910. Turner examines many issues, including slavery and poverty, and the negative effects of these issues on the Mexican community during the years that Porifio Diaz ruled. The paper shows that Turner is blunt with his association of the squalid Mexican conditions to Diaz; his book is a successful effort to prove a solid foundation for his claims. The paper explains that it is Turner's contention that no man can rule an unwilling people without taking away the liberties of those people, therefore, it can be very easily understood what sort of government Diaz found necessary to establish in order to secure his power. The paper concludes that "Barbarous Mexico" is an important piece of literature because it represents a perspective from one segment of society that is often neglected.

From the Paper
"Perhaps one of the most telling attributes of "Barbarous Mexico" is the close ties the United States had in the Diaz regime. In Turner's opinion, the United States was responsible for the prolonged abuse of slavery. In fact, Turner suggests that the United States was Diaz's largest monetary partners. The support Diaz received from foreign counties made Diaz's government international, according to Turner. Thus, foreign intervention in favor of the people was less likely. That fact alone, says Turner, was one of the most powerful forces that prevented the Mexican people from ever revolting against Diaz. (Turner 137) In addition, Turner illustrates that even though Mexico was becoming more modern under the leadership of Diaz, it still operated backward in regards to other Latin American countries. Turner explains that when it came to progressive moves relating to governments, Diaz was slow to change; however, when it came to opportunities for gaining capitol, he was quick to act."

Tags:Spanish, Dons, Yaquis, Latin, American

From the Paper
" This study will examine Tang Dynasty law and courtroom procedures, focusing on the use of torture as a legal tactic, as described in Celebrated Cases of Judge Dee, translated by Robert Van Gulik. Van Gulik, translating this work in 1949, takes an extraordinarily understanding attitude toward his subject, which would seem to call more for horror. The Tang system of justice held that the defendant could not be found guilty without confessing, and if he would not confess, then he had to be tortured until he confessed. In fact, from the moment the defendant enters the courtroom, he has to kneel down on the bare floor in front of the bench, and remain this way for the duration of the case. Everything is calculated to impress the defendant with his own insignificance (xviii)."

Tags:CHINA

Abstract
The writer of this paper presents the reader with a overview of the book's content and meaning. The true tale of the life of Quiroga and the events of the Argentina revolution are also discussed in this review with reference to the book.

From the Paper
The authors of literary works often use their words to convey meaning or a lesson. The author uses ideas and creates the scenario in which the reader can feel that he or she has become a part of the story or time frame in the book. It is not unusual for a reader to close a good book with a sense of longing for the story to continue. This is the case in Domingo Faustino Sarmiento s; Facundo : Or, Civilization and Barbarism.

Tags:book, originally, written, era, accounts, research, efforts, true, flavor, hint, euthenics, biography, harsh, realities

Abstract
The paper discusses female genital mutilation, or 'circumcision' and states that it is a deeply-rooted cultural and religious practice found in African countries,parts of the Middle East and Asia. The paper states that the custom, although seemingly barbaric to many westernized countries, is seen as a rite of passage into womanhood, as making a young woman marriageable, as a means to curb sexual desire among adolescents before marriage, and as a protection for virginity. The paper then gives insights into the medical complications it causes, the ethical considerations nurses face regarding the procedure and argues that nurses have a legal and ethical obligation to ensuring that these young girls and adolescent females are protected from undergoing a procedure that will change their lives forever.

From the Paper
"As Muslim women living in a third world country, 90% of northern Sudanese women are subjected to FGM as a cultural and religious rite of passage (Almroth et al., 2005, p.385). Girls may be circumcised at any time from infancy through adolescence, and even occasionally as mature adults. As a result, these women bring with them a unique set of potentially serious medical consequences with regard to obstetric and gynecological care when they enter the healthcare system in the United States. These consequences include not only shock and hemorrhage in the short term, but infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease in the long term. Therefore, these women must be assessed with both medical and cultural sensitivity when they are accessing the health care system."

Tags:female, genital, mutilation, women's, health

Abstract
This paper examines whether post-apocalyptic landscape in Cormac McCarthy's book, "The Road", departs thematically from his prior works and what message, if any, we should find in the ashes. The paper explains that McCarthy's novels have consistently relied upon the pastoral American South where the isolation of man provides a sense of humanity, morality and community. The paper notes that in "The Road", McCarthy uses a post-apocalyptic wasteland where a man and his son struggle to survive against the barbarism of others. The paper then looks at how the use of a different landscape raises the question of whether or not "The Road" is also different thematically from his other novels, even-though McCarthy still places an emphasis on man's constant struggle for survival and his need for community in "The Road". The paper also points out that some sources cite that McCarthy's choice of landscape comments on the dangerous capabilities of humanity to destroy itself using technology and a legitimate concern for the environment. To conclude, this paper shows that McCarthy's post-apocalyptic landscape does not signify a departure from his consistent themes, instead it further emphasizes and validates his commentary on human nature and society in his prior works.

From the Paper
"Of course, it should come as no surprise to those familiar with McCarthy's earlier works that The Road takes place, like the others, against such a backdrop of a harsh and unforgiving terrain surrounded by terrifying isolation, and that that landscape, like McCarthy's novels before it, serves once more to cage his main characters in a "world defined by barbarism and violence," where their struggle for survival will test the hope that "civilized values and actions can endure, despite humanity's capacity for savagery." (Smith 26). In his earlier works, however, such as The Orchard Keeper (1965), Outer Dark (1966), Child of God (1973) and Blood Meridian (1979), the landscape in which McCarthy's characters struggled to survive was a natural one. The Orchard Keeper, for example, was set in a small, isolated community located somewhere in Tennessee between the two World Wars."

Tags:pastoralism, apocalypse, civilization, barbarism, humanity

Abstract
The paper presents the theme of religion as a major driving force behind all decisions made by the characters in "Robinson Crusoe." The writer shows how religion is linked with the theme of civilization and its juxtaposition with barbarism. Throughout the novel, Robinson is faced with decisions to make - those his father would approve of and those his heart wishes to follow. The storyline is presented in great detail and examples of these decisions are mentioned and analyzed.

From the Paper
"In the novel Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe, the theme of religion is linked with the theme of civilization and its juxtaposition with barbarism. Thus the tension introduced in the beginning of the novel is also the major theme throughout. This is the tension between adventure and security. If faced with a choice between the two, the correct choice is security. Adventure is associated with barbarism, while security is one of the characteristics of a middle class, religious lifestyle. The wish for adventure and the hazards that such a wish brings, is demonstrated first through Robinson's two brothers, and then through the mishaps that befall Robinson himself. After both of his brothers disappear, Robinson himself "disappears" from the life and society he knows to face many very uncomfortable misfortunes."

Tags:adventure, barbarism, civilization, middle, class, island, spain, plantation