Abstract
The paper looks at how Shakespeare often uses the word "barbarous" in this play in direct relation to the superiority of Roman civilization. The paper discusses how when Titus and Lucius define Tamora and Aaron as "barbarous", the singular nature of their accusations often provide problems as to the true civilized intent of their interaction with the vanquished Goths.

Tags:shakes, titus, barbarous

Abstract
This paper argues that the participation of the average German soldier in barbarity in this conflict was because of the acceptance throughout all levels of the German military that they were participating in a crusade.

Tags:action, de, humanization, lebensraum, propaganda, race

Abstract
The paper discusses female genital mutilation, or 'circumcision' and states that it is a deeply-rooted cultural and religious practice found in African countries,parts of the Middle East and Asia. The paper states that the custom, although seemingly barbaric to many westernized countries, is seen as a rite of passage into womanhood, as making a young woman marriageable, as a means to curb sexual desire among adolescents before marriage, and as a protection for virginity. The paper then gives insights into the medical complications it causes, the ethical considerations nurses face regarding the procedure and argues that nurses have a legal and ethical obligation to ensuring that these young girls and adolescent females are protected from undergoing a procedure that will change their lives forever.

From the Paper
"As Muslim women living in a third world country, 90% of northern Sudanese women are subjected to FGM as a cultural and religious rite of passage (Almroth et al., 2005, p.385). Girls may be circumcised at any time from infancy through adolescence, and even occasionally as mature adults. As a result, these women bring with them a unique set of potentially serious medical consequences with regard to obstetric and gynecological care when they enter the healthcare system in the United States. These consequences include not only shock and hemorrhage in the short term, but infertility and pelvic inflammatory disease in the long term. Therefore, these women must be assessed with both medical and cultural sensitivity when they are accessing the health care system."

Tags:female, genital, mutilation, women's, health

Abstract
This paper looks at how the true nature of man, one of barbarism, is depicted in three works: Jack London's "To Build a Fire", Mark Twain's "Huckleberry Finn" and Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery". More specifically, the paper describes how the traveler challenges nature in Jack London's "To Build a Fire" and how Tom and Huck run of with a group of friends to become a barbarous, bloodthirsty gang of thieves in Mark Twain's "Huckleberry Finn". The paper also describes the population's barbarous nature with their need for the lottery in Shirley Jackson's "The Lottery". The paper shows how these three authors all highlight how the modern world is never far from its barbarous past, no matter how civilized human beings pretend to be.

From the Paper
"The path that modern people walk, across the balanced precipice between civilized and barbarous is frequently fictionalized. For many authors and readers alike the need to remind one's self of the precarious nature of the human condition comes as a reminder of older wisdom, that of the barbarian and newer realities, those of the modern world. Modern man, by most accounts is simply balancing the fact that he or she is a barbarous animal living within the confines of modern conveniences."

Tags:barbarian, atrocities

Abstract
The book "Barbarous Mexico" is Kenneth Turner's account of his visits to Mexico from 1908 to 1910. Turner examines many issues, including slavery and poverty, and the negative effects of these issues on the Mexican community during the years that Porifio Diaz ruled. The paper shows that Turner is blunt with his association of the squalid Mexican conditions to Diaz; his book is a successful effort to prove a solid foundation for his claims. The paper explains that it is Turner's contention that no man can rule an unwilling people without taking away the liberties of those people, therefore, it can be very easily understood what sort of government Diaz found necessary to establish in order to secure his power. The paper concludes that "Barbarous Mexico" is an important piece of literature because it represents a perspective from one segment of society that is often neglected.

From the Paper
"Perhaps one of the most telling attributes of "Barbarous Mexico" is the close ties the United States had in the Diaz regime. In Turner's opinion, the United States was responsible for the prolonged abuse of slavery. In fact, Turner suggests that the United States was Diaz's largest monetary partners. The support Diaz received from foreign counties made Diaz's government international, according to Turner. Thus, foreign intervention in favor of the people was less likely. That fact alone, says Turner, was one of the most powerful forces that prevented the Mexican people from ever revolting against Diaz. (Turner 137) In addition, Turner illustrates that even though Mexico was becoming more modern under the leadership of Diaz, it still operated backward in regards to other Latin American countries. Turner explains that when it came to progressive moves relating to governments, Diaz was slow to change; however, when it came to opportunities for gaining capitol, he was quick to act."

Tags:Spanish, Dons, Yaquis, Latin, American

Abstract
The paper discusses how history is written by those who are victorious, and as they do so, they demonize the losing side and thus make their own group appear more reasonable, more moral, and more advanced. The paper argues that this view persists to this day, seen recently in some in the West who, as they fight against depraved and terrorist acts by Islamic groups, seek to make Islam itself something inferior, something immoral, something less valuable than Western religion.

From the Paper
"Images of barbarism and civilization are contrasted throughout history, often as the party using such language is trying to show that it is superior and the barbarous group is inferior. It has been stated more than once that history is written by those who are victorious, and as they do so, they demonize the losing side and thus make their own group appear more reasonable, more moral, and more advanced. This view persists to this day, seen recently in some in the West who, as they fight against depraved and terrorist acts by Islamic groups, seek to make Islam itself something inferior, something immoral, something less valuable than Western religion. This same idea was used during and after the colonial era as..."

Tags:history, civilization, barbarism

Abstract
This paper explains that, despite unlikely odds, devastating difficulty and political misfortune, the Irish Republican Army has and continues to fight both violently and non-violently in an attempt to gain Northern Ireland's independence from Britain and to form a united Ireland. Next, the paper relates the history of the IRA, which was established by Michael Collins following the failure of the Easter Rebellion of 1916. The paper underscores that the IRA, in their attempt through terrorism to eventual achievement full political, social, economic and cultural freedom for all of Ireland, continues to this day as a reminder of an endless bloody fight that has taken so many lives. Sources are listed as end notes and not in a bibliography.

From the Paper
"Eventually, the civil war died out, though the split amongst countrymen never left Ireland. In 1969 and 1970, the IRA split over strategy disagreements, and the provisional IRA was formed. True to the radicals that preceded them, they continued to seek effect through bombings and shootings. One of the most sad and memorable days in Irish history was January 30, 1972. In Derry, protesters were met by British forces who were aiming to stop the protest."

Tags:independence split, conspiracy claims, sinn fein, oppositional action

Abstract
It explains differences between the Roman colonies and the rest of Western Europe, and how those differences influenced the formation of cities and cultures in Europe during the Middle Ages. Most of the comparison is architectural, since the collapse of Rome left most of its colonies in the same state of economic chaos as it found them, but having introduced roads, aquaducts, and other technological advances.

Abstract
In this article, the writer identifies what risks or benefits exist for African women who undergo female genital cutting in the twenty first century. A review of the history and key terminology establishes a base knowledge on the subject, followed by a discussion of the religious/cultural, social, physical, and political significance. This paper reviews existing literature on female genital cutting, with preference for essays and research conducted after the year 2000. Discussion identifies what perceived risks and benefits exist for women undergoing female genital cutting in the twenty first century according to existing research and accounts. The writer discusses whether current modern conditions make the procedure an acceptable risk to maintain cultural identity and also whether the cultural identity purportedly maintained by the tradition is itself a risk to the well being of girls in Africa. This paper makes conclusions and recommendations for additional research based on the relevance of the discussion.

Outline:
Cultural Identity Versus Barbaric Tradition
Introduction
Background
Literature Review
Conclusions

From the Paper
" Research investigating these questions is valuable on many levels. It is easy to accept the existing knowledge and research concerning female genital cutting, as it is easy for those in Western cultures to be horrified by the practice. However, much of the existing research falls short by providing inadequate data or by falling back on assumptions and information collected a decade or more ago. In an age of globalization, a lot can change in a decade. Using only research done in the twenty-first century, it is possible to identify what issues are still factors in the debate over female genital cutting. By doing so it may be possible to identify what physical, psychological, and social risks and implications female genital cutting has on the current population of African girls undergoing the procedure. It is also possible to identify what social and psychological gains may exist for the same women. Can varying conceptions of female genital cutting be reconciled? Is female genital cutting a barbaric tradition or does it play a crucial role in the cultural identity of African women?"

Tags:barbaric, custom, rituals

Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that the death penalty is an abhorrent, barbaric practice from the days of kings, queens, and sorcerers and it should be abolished immediately. The writer claims that most Americans today believe in the death penalty because they believe it is a deterrent to violent crime. Statistics, however, show that law enforcement does not agree. The writer points out that most Americans also believe that the death penalty brings some amount of closure to the families of the victims of violent crime, but most family members who are willing to comment on the issue feel that wishing for someone to die does not help them heal. The death of the criminal only causes another family to grieve, instead of helping the family of the victim to stop grieving. Most victims' families would rather work on getting on with their lives and dealing with their pain than wait around to see if the murderer of a loved one is going to be executed. The writer concludes that fighting for an execution is a constant reminder to these people that they have lost someone to senseless and tragic violence.

From the Paper
"First of all, allowing the death penalty to continue is allowing human beings to play God. After all, one of the Ten Commandments does say "thou shalt not kill," and while it should definitely apply to the person who committed the crime, it should also apply to our government. Most people who believe in the Christian God believe that before we are born, our whole life, including when we will die, is determined. In the case of violent crime, although it seems extremely tragic and unfair, it was that person's time to die. When the person who committed the crime is executed, he dies before his determined time and the government has taken over the role of God. Even those who argue that predetermination means that the judgment of execution for a violent crime makes it the criminal's time to die still have a hard time explaining why they are going against one of the Ten Commandments. Secondly, the United States prohibits the execution of anyone who was under eighteen when they committed their crime, or who is mentally disabled, or both. There are laws in place that are supposed to prevent those kinds of executions from ever taking place in any state."

Tags:violent, crimes, barbaric, practice, deterrent