Abstract
A paper on the concept and motivations of the Black Panther party.

Tags:black, panther

Abstract
The paper reviews the history of South Africa and explores the impact of colonization on social inequality in this nation. The paper addresses inequality based on race and describes how apartheid caused forced resettlement programs, mandatory segregation, denationalization, bombings, poisonings and beatings to blacks. The paper then deals with economic inequality and discusses how black Africans were left bereft of land, access to natural resources, education or the means to participate in capitalist enterprise. The paper demonstrates how colonialism has left a tumultuous legacy of social injustice in South Africa.

From the Paper
"South Africa is a large nation comprising the southern tip of the African continent. Its capital city is Pretoria, but Johannesburg and Cape Town both have larger populations. The region is rich in natural resources including precious metals, gems, and salt. Mining is the nation's largest industry and South Africa is the world's largest producer of platinum, gold, and chromium (CIA 2009). South Africa is a Republic that consists of nine provinces: Eastern Cape, Free State, Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, Northern Cape, North-West, and Western Cape. South Africa shares borders with six other nations: Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe. Although South Africa enjoys an expansive coastline, the nation has few sources of fresh water. The nation has no major lakes or rivers; its lands are dry and semi-arid and droughts are common. Only 12% of South Africa's land is classified as arable (CIA 2009). The total population of South Africa is estimated at about 50 million as of this year."

Tags:apartheid, segregation, resettlement, balcks, whites, colonialism

Abstract
The paper focuses on the fourth chapter of Barak Obama's autobiography "Dreams from My Father: A story of Race and Inheritance" where Obama reflects on his observations of the behaviors exhibited by other black men from the African-American community. The paper discusses how Obama addresses African Americans' racist beliefs and attitudes toward people of other ethnic backgrounds. The paper posits that the strength of Obama's style is his frankness in admitting the way things are without the cynicism that often accompanies it and without condoning racist behaviors.

From the Paper
"Much of the debate concerning race in this country and indeed around the world has for centuries consisted of listing and extrapolating on the perceived differences from one race to another. Different theorists, politicians, scientists, and social philosophers, great thinkers and small minds alike, have pointed to various perceived differences between races as reasons that they reasonably could or should be separated, treated differently, or even simply understood differently. The differences between races perceived and asserted by these individuals have ranged from those that have a biological or genetic basis, which have been proven largely if not entirely unfounded by today's researchers, to social and cultural differences that certainly exist, though they cannot be said to have a racial basis. In short, many people--perhaps nearly everyone--have insisted on real and persistent differences in racial identity and/or worldview that affect the interrelationships among races in a diverse society.
"This background is what makes the fourth chapter of Barak Obama's autobiography Dreams from My Father: A story of Race and Inheritance both so compelling and so ironic. In this chapter, Obama reflects on his adolescent years, growing up as one of the very few black students at his Hawaiian high school wile living with his white grandparents."

Tags:African, Americans, balcks, whites, identity, adolescence

Abstract
This paper examines the novel "The Invisible Man" by Ralph Ellison, which chronicles the travels of its narrator, a young, nameless black man, as he moves through the hellish levels of American intolerance and cultural blindness. It analyzes how while searching for a context in which to know himself, he exists in a very peculiar state, a state of invisibility, a state that means that when other people look at him they see only his surroundings, or they see themselves, or figments of their imagination, but never really the invisible man. It looks at how the novel describes modern racial problems in the United States from a black point of view and how since its publication in 1952, few of the problems it chronicles have disappeared.

From the Paper
"As the book opens, the narrator is expelled from his Southern Negro college (which one assumes bears at least some resemblance to the Tuskegee Institute that Ellison himself attended) for inadvertently showing a white trustee the reality of black life in the south, including an incestuous farmer and a rural whorehouse. The college director chastises him: "Why, the dumbest black bastard in the cotton patch knows that the only way to please a white man is to tell him a lie! What kind of an education are you getting around here?? "

Tags:balcks, racism, intolerance, cultural, blindness

Abstract
The first part of this paper examines arguments stating that hate speech deserves Constitutional protection. The next part then examines how hate speech hurts victims and destroys tolerance. In the conclusion, this paper argues that the First Amendment protects even hate speech. Thus, campus speech codes and other restrictions on freedom of expression violate the Constitution.

Contents
Hate speech is free speech
Hate speech should be restricted
Position: Hate Speech must be protected
References

From the Paper
"Throughout the history of this country, groups have fought to restrict unpopular and offensive speech. In the 1920s, for example, Margaret Sanger was jailed on obscenity charges after she distributed pamphlets on birth control. In the 1930s, efforts were made to ban representatives of Jehovah's Witnesses from excessive proselytizing. More recently, American citizens who questioned the Bush administration's "war on terror" campaign have been characterized as traitors."

Tags:politics, racism, balck, civil, right, ammendment

Abstract
This paper examines the play "A Raisin in the Sun", by African- American playwright Lorraine Hansberry. The paper describes the playwright's life and provides a synopsis of the plays events. The paper states that the moral of this play is as long as people try to do their best for their families, they can lift each other up.

From the Paper
"Lorraine Hansberry's " A Raisin in the Sun" was the first play written by a black woman to be produced on Broadway in 1959. Moreover, Hansberry was the youngest and the first black writer to receive the New York Drama Critics Award. She was deeply committed to equality and human rights, and her play approaches important issues and concerns regarding the African-American racial identity and discrimination, and poverty."

Tags:africian, american, play, playwrite, new, york, drama, critics, award, balck, women, racial, identity, a, discrimination, poverty

Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and compares two writers of the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes and his "Refugee in America" and Zora Neale Hurston and her "The Eatonville Anthology." Specifically, it relates the thoughts of these two writers to the statement by W.E.B. Du Bois in "The Souls of Black Folk." "It is a peculiar sensation, this double consciousness, this sense of always looking at oneself through the eyes of others...One ever feels his two-ness...An American, a Negro."

From the Paper
"Hurston wrote her story for a white audience, but it would appeal to blacks too, because it depicts the townspeople with such accuracy. The townspeople represent people in a small town anywhere, with their particular idiosyncrasies and beliefs. Her style is much like the way the people of the town speak, and helps represent who the people are, and how they talk. She uses dialect when the people speak, such as "'fresements was served! Every gent'man would please take his lady by the arm and scorch her right up to de table fur a treat!" (Hurston 66). Again, this is a depiction of their two-ness. They speak the language of America, but in their own unique way, adding their own flavor and inflection, making it distinctively American and Negro at the same time. "

Tags:balck, whites, negro, souls, folk, du, bois