Abstract This paper presents a quantitative analysis of financial statements 2004-2002 for Delta Airlines. The paper presents a financial ratio analysis, a cash flow analysis and a common size balancesheet analysis. The paper looks at revenue and profit trends and includes several tables.
From the Paper "This report analyses the financial statements of Delta Airlines Inc. Included in the analyses are the company's financial statements for ther eporting years ending ..."
Abstract This paper provides pro forma statements in the form of an income statement and balancesheet for Exxon Mobil Corporation. The paper explains that financial analyses and pro forma statements provide companies with a vital means of determining past and present performance, as well as projecting future standings. The paper concludes that, based upon the linear calculations, Exxon Mobil's management needs few recommendations.
From the Paper "In order to build a pro forma balance sheet using the percent-of-sales method, it is help to construct a table of pertinent data. The following table provides data retrieved from Exxon Mobil's 2006 financial statements, and determines percentages for key items necessary to extrapolate in the formation of a projected balance sheet.
"Once the data is taken from previous financial statements and the percentages are calculated, it becomes possible to construct the projected balance sheet."
Abstract This paper analyzes the rise and slight fall that Wal-Mart has taken since its founding in 1962. It gives a breakdown of the company's holdings and their balancesheets for January 31, 2000. One of the problems Wal-Mart has to deal with is meeting political demands from several groups and institutions. It also details another problem regarding Wal-Mart's growth and a petition that has been distributed to hundreds of people in the United States. It concludes that in order to survive, Wal-Mart must consider the environment in which they have stores.
From the Paper "Since its founding in 1962 by Sam Walton, Wal-Mart has had a nearly flawless track record of growth, eclipsing all other U.S. department store retailers by the early 1990s and succeeding during both lean and flush economic times. However, even Wal-Mart has begun to look a little battered in the recent economic downswing: In the spring of 2001, Wal-Mart showed a huge market capitalization of over $230B, down from nearly $300B in early 2000 (www.walmart.com). Much of the loss in its capital was due to its recent struggles in its Internet-based operations as it tried to make a transition to the Internet ? and found (as have so many other companies) that the transition would not be nearly as smooth as it would have liked. During the last year, Wal-Mart has continued to experiment with both its Internet and corporate strategy. It remains a strong company, however, with much of its strength deriving from its shareholding structure as well as from the fact that the company has always invested very deeply in infrastructure, being among the first to use point-of-sale Uniform Product Codes scanning, and intra-store radio frequency transmission of product UPC to allow exchange of information between central store inventory systems and personnel with scanners on the store shelves along with a satellite system connecting each store, headquarters, and distribution centers, and suppliers."
Tags: Wal-Mart, petition, Balance, Sheets, Consolidated, Sharehoders, shares, company
Abstract This paper examines how all the information accountants gather about a company is used to prepare documents referred to as financial statements and how, although there is no consensus regarding which documents are financial statements and which aren't, there are several universally accepted papers of which the income statement and the balancesheet are excellent examples. It explores different examples and uses of these financial statement, such as the cash-flow statement and the statement of capital.
From the Paper "The financial operations of a company have to be kept under strict observation. Investors need to know exactly what is the position of the company, so an objective opinion is required. This is where the auditors come in. Auditing may be defined as "a systematic process of objectively obtaining and evaluating evidence regarding assertions about economic actions and events of an economic entity to ascertain the degree of correspondence between assertions and established criteria and communicating the results to users". Of course that auditing is an expensive operation, but the safety it brings makes it worth the effort. Auditing is mandatory for certain companies, especially when the interests of a large number of people are at stake."
Abstract This paper explains that the four basic financial statements are the balancesheet, the income statement, the cash flow statement, and the statement of stockholders' equity. This paper refers to each, in part, and then emphasizes the interrelations between them.
From the Paper "Resuming what I have argued for previously, there are two major arguments that demonstrate the interrelationship between the four basic financial statements. First of all, many of the values that are reflected in one statement generally find themselves in another. Even more so, there is a flow of information from one financial statement to another. As we have seen in the examples above, data from the cash flow statement is recorded on the statement of stockholders' equity or on the balance sheet."
Abstract This paper describes the balancesheet, the income statement and the statement of cash flows. It examines three companies, Exxon Mobil, Ford Motor Company and Microsoft, and asks and answers questions about their financial condition and future prospects
From the Paper "A Balance Statement is a financial statement showing assets, liabilities and net worth at a specific time. Under generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) the following rules apply to the creation of balance sheets: assets are to be defined as items of value both tangible and intangible that a company owns or controls; liabilities are debt sowed by an organization; equity is a residual account; equity equals assets minus liabilities; current assets are assets that will become cash in the ordinary course of business within one year..."
Tags:balancesheet income statement, cash flow statement, GAAP, FASB, SEC, Ford Motor Company, Exxon Mobil, Microsoft, financial highlights
Abstract This paper explains several accounting concepts including the relevance of each section of the statement of cash flows, as well as the importance of the balancesheet to financial analysis. The paper also explores importance and relevance of the explanatory notes to companies financial statements.
From the Paper "The statement of cash flows presents information about cash inflows and cash outflows. The statement separates cash flows into three distinct activities which are operating activities, investing activities and financing activities. The combined net increase or decrease in cash and cash equivalents from these three sections of the statement of cash flows is reported near the end of the statement of cash flows, under the heading "Net Increase Decrease in Cash and Cash Equivalents for the Period". Cash flow from operating activities reflects cash inflows and outflows from..."
Abstract This paper describes deferrals as prepaid expenses and accruals as accrued liability. It explains what these terms mean and how they are found on balancesheets. The paper gives examples of the terms that are described above.
Table of Contents:
Deferrals: Prepaid Expenses
1. Prepaid Expenses Recorded Initially as Assets
2. Prepaid Expenses Recorded Initially as Expenses
Deferrals: Unearned Revenues
1. Unearned Revenue Recorded Initially as Liabilities
2. Unearned Revenues Recorded Initially as Revenues
Accrued Liabilities
Accrued Assets
From the Paper "Tracy (1997) stated that accrued liabilities is a short-term liabilities that arise from the gradual buildup of unpaid expenses, such as vacation pay earned by employees or profit-based bonus plans that are not paid until the following year. Example of an accrued liability is the salary of the employees. The amounts of such accrued but unpaid terms at the end of the fiscal period are both an expense and a liability (Fess and Niswonger, 1986)."
Abstract This paper deals with the evaluation of two different types of allocations regarding the balancesheet of branch companies. Each method includes costs but some are traceable and some are not. Each method is briefly analyzed and evaluated to determine which one is more beneficial.
From the Paper "Obviously costs are allocated to allow departments, accountants and owners/investors etc... to easily see where spending is occurring within a company (Horngren & Sundem, 1990, p. 65). In addition to this, allocations allow a trend of activity to be traceable, which will aid in forecast development for the future. These forecasts can also address the reduction of costs to be determined as a possible new objective for the next business year. We often forget that in order to make money that money must be spent. Costs are a "necessary evil" for all businesses. These costs/expenses can range in many different areas and often include travel expenses and fees, which are incurred to service clients in addition to general offices expenses. In the case for Creative Consumers Consultants, all costs assessed are listed in traceable and non-traceable account listings. "
Abstract The paper explains how financial managers utilize many financial statements, including income statements, balancesheets and statements of cash flow. The paper discusses how accurate and ethical information and actions are essential to ensure equitable wealth among shareholders, stockholders and management.
From the Paper "To be successful, a business must be comprised of many components. However, it is essential that the finance and accounting aspects of a business are adequate. Finance and accounting, when operating properly, offer many benefits to a company. These benefits include financial statements and managerial reports, which provide valuable information to the associated parties. This information can be used to make informed and ethical business decisions, which may lead to further success."
Abstract This paper provides a financial analysis of Bank of America. It reviews the company's performance over the last seven years and provides an overview of balancesheets and income statements. In addition, the paper discusses Bank of America's financial ratio analysis. It then examines their current activities and provides a review of future expectations. The paper contains several financial tables.
Table of Contents:
Summary
Current Activities
Bank of America Challenges and Expectations
Ratio and Variance Analysis
Summary
From the Paper "For Bank of America, the challenges are first to keep the strong growth Retail banking and Card Services moving forward, including working to ensure the integration of the Fleet acquisition is completed and contributes to growth in market share in key global locations including the U.K. The effects of the company's growth-by-acquisitions strategy can be seen throughout the financial analyses provided here, including the impact on revenues and debt. The Global Wealth and Investment Management Business Group, by far the most under-performing of all Bank of America groups, is most likely going to see selective and highly targeted acquisitions in nations that bank of America sees potential to grow this Business Groups' performance. Global Corporate and Investment Banking will seek to compete for effectively with its Business Lending Segment, and look to bolster Capital Markets and Advisory Services, which is considered 2nd tier by many investment analysts. Clearly Bank of America will be challenged to grow their earnings beyond Retail Banking and Card Services in the near-term."
This paper discusses the concept, history and application of ?Checks and Balances?, the system that gives constitutional controls of the separate branches of government in a way that one branch will not have more power over the others.
Abstract This paper states that, although the Federal Constitution of the United States with its ?Checks and Balances? makes it the best-known and most democratic system in the world today, most governments, even dictatorial ones, have a similar mechanism to balance the exercise of power among its branches. The author feels that the U.S. Constitution was and will be a reaction piece to events that happen to the people. This paper concludes that power must be controlled and accounted for: It is not only a right and a privilege but also, more so, a responsibility.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Checks and Balances in the Legislative Branch
The System and the People's Rights
The System and the Judiciary
A Brilliant System in Present Times
From the Paper "The system has been tested by actual situations. After the Civil War, President Andrew Johnson vetoed 20 bills (Anonymous), after which Congress overrode more than 20 bills vetoed by the President. In 1918, Congress turned down the Treaty of Versailles, which then President Woodrow Wilson worked hard for. The Treaty was to end World War I. In 1935 to 1936, Supreme Court declared that the NIRA and the AAA, New Deal programs passed by the Roosevelt Administration, were unconstitutional. Likewise, former President Ronald Regan appointed Judge Robert Bork to the Supreme Court, but his appointment or nomination was rejected by Congress."
Abstract The pressures of modern society have made achieving personal balance between work and home life increasingly difficult. This paper defines balance and shows how lack of it increases stress leading to personal problems and health risks. It also examines external and self-imposed obstacles to achieving balance and shows how well defined personal goals can be used to overcome them.
Abstract This report introduces the issues of fiscal balance in terms of problems faced by the Clinton administration and identifies alternative solutions. The paper also looks at existing literature on the subject and related issues, such as Clinton's financial advice to Japanese leaders and various interpretations of political occurrences of the time. The methodology of the report concentrates on financial data derived from existing literature, with an eye on the reduction of bias through a balanced report. Additionally, the paper analyzes data and discusses questions of how balance was achieved and provides recommendations for the future in terms of fiscal policy that can be derived from extant data.
From the Paper "The reduction of deficit and fiscal balance was particularly highlighted in the later years of the Clinton administration, but it may have had roots in the beginning of the administration in terms of the background of the policies which went into effect regarding government spending and tax revenue. When Clinton came into office, he had ideas about overhauling spending which were soon put into practice so that spending could be increased and tax cuts for the wealthy would not be a big part of the program. There was significant dissonance between this vision, which also included extensive healthcare and welfare reform, and the vision of the mostly-Republican Congress which was in office for most of Clinton's years in office, and this also adds substantially to the
background of fiscal policy. For example, Clinton's programs were more likely to be slowed down in Congress by this type of system."
Abstract A discussion of the balanced scorecard and how it benefits organizations. The paper details how the balanced scorecard works and includes examples of how it has been implemented in several companies. It details the benefits for the managers, employees, human resource department, process control, flow of information and more. The scorecard data gives the upper management level enough reasons to endorse "longer cycle time", where the human resource department could find more appropriate methods to find qualified candidate for each position. This certainly gains more productivity of the employees.
From the Paper "Balanced Scorecard is a system that combines traditional financial measures and non-financial measures to make the most of information and research result to fill the information gap between departments in an organization. The system also enables managers to design and monitor series of effective processes in the whole organization to increase the business performance. At first, there was an immediate need for a new integrated system that facilitates managers to build short and long term company progress plan. The existing system either leaned on a sole system approach on one variable or failed to incorporate feedback to the performance improvement. It triggered the development of a system that differs from the traditional measurement. Robert Kaplan and David Norton started the project in the early 1990s. "
