Abstract
This paper addresses three aspects of bacteriology--photosynthesis research funding for the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of RuBP with CO2, the change in metabolism of anaerobic bacteria in summer, and the way the immune system could leverage the need for an inteact plasma membrane and the secretion of proteins that form pores in membranes as a device for disrupting the membranes of foreign cells.

From the Paper
"I would advise the Ways and Means Committee that the U.S. Department of Agriculture should continue to fund photosynthesis research as a mechanism for restoring Earth's atmosphere from one laden with toxins and pollutants to one that is purified and more healthful. As the International Society of Photosynthesis Research asserts; "Photosynthetic processes in natural ecosystems, agriculture and forestry are first responders to global climate change and continue to attract intensive creative research from molecular to global scales." Furthermore, photosynthesis research affects all of..."

Tags:bacteriology, glycolysis, anoxic, anaerobic, RuBP, CO2, immune, pores, proteins, foreign cells

Abstract
This essay provides a short outline of the extensive medical developments that were first used in medieval Islam. It explains that developments occurred in all areas of medicine including facilities, bacteriology, anesthesia, surgery, ophthalmology and pharmacology. The paper concludes that the influences of Islamic medicine can still be seen even today in the modern world.

From the Paper
"Candidates for medical study received basic preparation from private tutors through private lectures and self study. Anatomy was taught by the dissection of several organisms. Alchemy was a prerequisite for entry to medical school and the study of medicinal herbs was also included in study. Once the basic training was complete, the candidate was admitted as an apprentice in a hospital where he did full clinical training. Students were assigned in small groups and to experienced instructors for ward rounds, discussions, lectures, and reviews. As the students progressed in their studies they were exposed more and more to the subjects of diagnosis and judgment. The students had the responsibility of keeping records for all of the patients (Syed)."

Tags:islam, medicine

Abstract
The small Hawaiian squid Euprymna scolopes and the planktonic bacterium Vibrio fischerii are partners in a rather intriguing symbiotic association. The squid harbors the bioluminescent - literally, glowing - bacteria within a small chamber on its underside, providing protection for the squid via a phenomenon known as counter-illumination. This paper provides a general survey of the symbiosis, its mechanisms and its biology and describes ongoing research into the biological system.

From the Paper
"The Hawaiian islands and the waters surrounding them teem with the activities of life. Species native to Hawaii's offshore area run a veritable gamut from microscopic plankton- small, free-floating organisms, including some bacterial species- to a wealth of relatively large animal species. Even in such a biologically diverse environment, however, it is fair to say that the small squid Euprymna scolopes is, as the proverbial saying goes, the little fish in a big pond."

Tags:bacteriology, mollusks, Cephalopoda