Abstract
This paper explains that Boeing's ethical lapses involve in the first case backroom dealings by the Air Force purchasing czar with Boeing CFO Mark Sears and in the other case industrial espionage. Next, the author analyzes the company, the situation, the executives, the board of directors and the manner of corporate governance. The paper concludes that, after its investigation, the company established that these ethical lapses were not systemic within Boeing but rather individual lapses in judgment.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Company Background
Situation Analysis
Executive and Board Review
Corporate Governance Analysis
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Under McNerney Boeing created a new office of internal governance. The objective of this office is to create data-mining techniques that can correlate information gathered from a number of different sources. This would allow information from different departments to be put together, revealing potential ethical lapses. McNerney also recognized that the culture is driven from the top, thereby taking personal responsibility, something that his predecessors did not do.
"As most of the directors had their terms due within a couple of years of 2002, Boeing was able to turn over its board significantly."

Tags:backroom dealings, industrial espionage, conflicts of interest, governance policies. code of conduct

Abstract
This paper examines the political roles of women in Rome. Roman society and government was patriarchal and women were largely excluded from political roles. However, they retained political influence through their 'backroom' relationships with influential men and through other indirect means.

Abstract
The paper looks at how Ayn Rand's "Atlas Shrugged" is set some time in the future in the United States, which is experiencing a severe economic depression. The paper describes how businesses are closing down left and right, however, business dealings that continue are conducted in backroom bars and involve manipulation and deceit. The paper relates that "looters" (the government and people who seize property from capitalists) run rampant trading favors for value, with muscle and influence becoming the new form of currency, resulting in the weak profiting at the strong's expense.

From the Paper
"Ayn Rand's "Atlas Shrugged" is set some time in the future in the United States, which is experiencing a severe economic depression. Businesses are closing down left and right, however, business dealings that continue are conducted in backroom bars and involve manipulation and deceit."

Tags:atlas, shrugged, socialism

Abstract
Henry Klassen's biography, "Luther H. Holton: A Founding Canadian Entrepreneur" represents an effort to capture the life and times of a leading Canadian businessman and "backroom" political figure of the mid-nineteenth century. As it is a biography, the text does not argue any specific thesis. Rather, as this review will argue, Klassen's interest in Holton is as a sort of an "iconic" Canadian businessman; a central figure of his era and a model for succeeding eras.

Abstract
The paper discusses how acupuncture in the U.S. is no longer that "mysterious" practice done in backrooms; it is now accepted even by the medical profession in many areas, such as relieving nausea after surgery and helping in arthritis and pain and even for diet cointrol.

From the Paper
"While the idea of some healing effects through acupuncture is fairly recent, in terms of acceptance in the U.S., this is actually a very ancient profession and treatment in China. While there is still some skepticism among the medical practitioners, the stories of "success" in relieving pain, even helping reduce weight and changing diets seem to make acupuncture no longer arcane. Its general acceptance now makes acupuncture no longer just some mysterious "rite" on a level with palm-reading. "According to the 2002 National Health Interview Survey...to date--an estimated 8.2 million U.S. adults had ever used acupuncture, and an..."

Tags:alternative, medicine, pros and cons

Abstract
In this essay, the writer notes that there is a growing need for improved communications between the nations of the world who have allied themselves against emerging threats, particularly those countries where there may be significant language and cultural differences that might constrain the intelligence-gathering and communication process. To this end, this paper provides an overview of the problem, followed by a discussion of what steps can be taken to improve liaison channels among Western nations today. A summary of the research and salient recommendations are provided in the conclusion. The writer concludes that while the intelligence-gathering process has been facilitated through the use of sophisticated computer-based applications, there continues to be a need for real people acquiring real information on the streets, alleyways and backrooms of the world's terrorist networks.

Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
The Liaison Channel
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Today, many Western policymakers are longing for the "good old days" of communism where the threats arrayed the nation's interests were monolithic and well known. By sharp contrast, the emerging scenario today is characterized by single and small groups of non-state actors, and recognizing just who the enemy is has become increasingly complicated. In this environment, the need for timely and accurate intelligence has assumed a new level of importance, but this process has also been adversely affected by the shift in the types of adversaries now confronting the West."

Tags:communications, nations, data, gathering, techniques

Abstract
This paper explains that, without question, the advent and proliferation of the use of the computer, has resulted in a chipping away of an individual's right to privacy. The author points out that, although the information being collected by the computer in databases are mostly necessary and, to a large extent, beneficial; the problem occurs behind the scenes because, with every piece of transmit data, the information has the potential of being used in the wrong way. The paper relates that the solution is (1) self monitoring of activities such as refusing to give out your social security number, (2) making it difficult to obtain private information by paying with cash, (3) managing data by requesting the removal of information from databases and (4) lobbing politicians concerning privacy rights.

From the Paper
"Not only do things like credit fraud, insurance denial, and identity misrepresentation occur, but individuals are many times stalked, ostracized, black-balled, or targeted because of, or through the use of, such information. When people discover that someone has aids (lets say through medical records or interception of company e-mail), that person may be denied insurance, become a target of hate-crimes, or be fired from there job. When someone gains access to your SSN, address, and the like, they can take on our identity, and consequently, destroy your life. When one finds out your ethnic origin, support for abortion, or proclivity toward unpopular beliefs, violent action may be taken. The scenarios are endless, and most have and do occur."

Tags:cookies, fraud, lobbying, manage, backroom

Abstract
This paper explains that marketing is a collection of activities such as advertising, public relations and marketing research which is far more than selling: The ultimate aim of all marketing pursuits is profitability and added shareholder value. The author points out that each country has its own unique laws and regulations, the language, cultural barriers, the competitors, cost of infrastructure and setting up of operations and currency, which play a critical part in formulating marketing strategies. The paper describes the marketing strategy to open a retail branch in India, setting up back office operations so that all credit cards, retail and corporate banking transactions could be processed in India.

Table of Contents
ABN AMRO Bank
Marketing Mix
Major Components
Domestic
International
Summary
Global Expansion
Market Research
Location
Measuring Country Wealth
Culture
Competitors
Income and Expenditure
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The merger between ABN BANK and Amro Bank created ABN AMRO Bank on 22 September 1991 in Amsterdam. ABN may not be as popular as the Bank of America or American Express but one only has to walk down the streets of Amsterdam or Rotterdam to be surrounded by the presence of ABN in the form of advertisements, promotions and numerous ATM's located all over the city. In the Netherlands ABN is in your face wherever you may go, for its reputation and brand name is a household name."

Tags:credit-cards, marketing, backroom, culture, mix