Abstract This paper discusses the book, "Buddha" by Karen Armstrong and discusses its relationship to the Axial Age, the phrase for the pivotal time in history that Karl Jaspers, the philosopher, coined. The paper begins by describing the Axial Age and its characteristics in various places around the world. It then discusses how Armstrong's references in her book relate to the historical view of the time.
Table of Contents:
Introduction: The Axial Age and its Characteristics
The Axial Age Transformations in Greece, China and Palestine
From the Paper "According to Armstrong, all the prophets and sages of the Axial Age discovered, simultaneously, that the way to a higher, transcendent, more fully human life was by looking within and discovering self-existing, self-liberating, inner truths. Common to these spiritual movements, as well, was that 'compassion towards others' would lead to a more meaningful, freer life in this world. It was a pivotal, revolutionary thought that, centuries later, is still at the root of our traditional religions and still presents a challenge, while resonating an inner conviction of its truth."
Abstract This paper explains that Gotama, the Buddha, changed common perceptions in many ways because, at this time Buddhism, was essentially a new religion preceded by Hinduism based on the
Vedic teachings. The author points out that Gotama made Buddhism a religion by extending the common perceptions of Buddhism from a code of living for individuals to a code for the greater collective. The paper agrees with Armstrong's book in asserting that the Buddha was an axial person, who changed the fabric of the society he was living, testing the bounds of convention and personally creating a new school of thought and living into existence.
From the Paper "It is common knowledge that in Buddhist thought, which originated in India and made significant inroads into Chinese and other east Asian societies, there is a belief in the concept of karma. This karma can be likened to the Western concept of fate, although it is not quite the same, in that it shows the importance of destiny and the supposition that the individual's destiny is preordained. This changed the common perception significantly. It was also a factor that Gotama offered universally accessible enlightenment that was not restricted by class or social structure."
Abstract This paper first looks at bone tissues, the structure of bone, and its function. It then looks at different features of the axial skeleton, then features of the appendicular skeleton. Finally it looks at the articulations and at the properties of different types of joints.
From the Paper "Endochondral ossification begins with the proliferation and aggregation of mesenchymal cells at the site where new bone is to be formed. The mesenchymal cells then differentiate into chondroblasts and produce the matrix of cartilage. The hyaline cartilage produced at this stage acquires the general shape of the bone that is to be formed and is a cartilage model of that bone. Once a cartilage model for the new..."
Tags: bone tissue, axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton, atriculations
Abstract This paper discusses the types of muscle tissue in the body and their functions. More specifically, the paper discusses the difference between the axial and appendicular skeletons, the difference between ligaments and tendons and the importance of bones in maintaining homeostasis.
From the Paper "The three main types of muscle tissue are skeletal, smooth and cardiac. The dark stripes or bands that are visible in muscle under the microscope are referred to as striations and they are responsible for the movement of muscles. Skeletal muscle is the muscle that can be seen and felt on the body-the muscles that are developed during a workout. This is the muscle in the arms, legs, back and abdomen among other sites. Skeletal muscle attaches to the skeleton in pairs one..."
Abstract This paper presents and describes an experiment in which DNA was extracted from C. Elagens to be amplified and electrophoresed. The paper discusses information retrieved from W. MacGinnis and R. Krumlauf's article, "Homeobox Genes and Axial Patterning." The paper focuses on discussing the methods and results for the experiment.
Table of Contents:
Materials and Methods
C. Elegan Preparation
RNAse Treatment and Protein Precipitation
DNA Precipitation, Drying and Rehydration
Preparation of PCR Reactions and Running of Reactions in Thermocycler
Homeobox PCR
Casting an Agarose Gel
Loading, Running and Staining the Agarose Gel
Taking a Picture of the Gel
Results
Discussion
From the Paper "From the final results, it is apparent that the C. Elegans do possess homeobox genes. Since many of the bands had high molecular weight, they contained hundreds of base pairs, a sign indicating the presence of homeobox genes. The homeobox genes are of great importance as they encode proteins that tell the cells in the various segments of the developing embryo, what kind of structures to make (McGinnis W. and Krumlauf R.). There are however, many organisms that do not contain homeobox genes. Such organisms are not complex in a segmental way, such organisms that do not have segmentation have no need for genes to create structures that they no not need."
Abstract This paper discusses how after reading Charlotte Perkins Gilman's story "The Yellow Wallpaper," it is clear that the protagonist has major psychological struggles. For easier narrative flow, the author provides the main character with the nickname "Anna," as no name is provided. Through an examination of "The Yellow Wallpaper" and diagnostic criteria, Anna is shown to have a diagnosis of major depressive disorder with the most recent episode being severe with psychotic features. In order to support this diagnosis and provide a complete overview of the character's life, the paper is written in sections according to the five axial system used in formal diagnosis.
Outline:
Introduction
Axis I
Axis II
Axis III
Axis IV
Axis V
Conclusion
From the Paper "Anna discusses how she gets "unreasonably angry...I'm sure I never used to be so sensitive" and in attempting to regain control of her anger, she feels exhausted (Gilman, 1996). In addition, she reports that within a few weeks of being at the rental house, she no longer feels like writing, feels a loss of strength, reports a feeling of depression, anxiety around being with other people including her baby, crying "at nothing, and [crying] most of the time," being "fretful and querulous...awfully lazy and [lying] down ever so much" (Gilman, 1996). She has found it difficult to be with people, particularly her baby. These overall physical and psychological complaints that Anna experiences continue to arise in her story until the end when Anna believes she is improving. "
Abstract This paper describes the four basic approaches of qualitative research: Ethnographic Studies, Phenomenology, Field Research and Grounded Theory. The paper identifies three approaches, Phenomenology, Field Research and Grounded Theory, that were used to guide the collection of data necessary to identify the factors that make a home visit more effective in helping the patient cope with cancer. The paper describes the qualitative semi-structure interviews used in gathering the data and the analytic methods that include open, axial and selective coding.
From the Paper "In the analysis process, the main strategy employed is the coding method. Open coding was used to identify the concepts of the phenomenon, which were then grouped into categories. More specific open coding is evident in the content of the semi-structured interviews, such as the benefits of home visits, confidentiality issues, issues to be taken up during home visits and "patients" reasons for participating in this type of home intervention.? "
Abstract This paper summarizes the research on diagnosing autism. The paper addresses assessment and the use of the DSM-IV for autism diagnosis. The paper also studies difficulties with diagnosis and differential diagnosis, including the need for a multiple axial diagnosis. The paper concludes that parent-pediatrician partnerships are critical to making an early autism diagnosis.
Abstract This paper discusses the techniques used to edit the movie 'About a Boy'. According to the paper, some of the more common techniques apparent in this movie are wipes, dissolve shots, shot/counter-shot, cross cuts, axial cuts, jump cuts, montages and freeze frames.
From the Paper "Dissolve shots are also evident. The first is when we see a shot of Marcus's hamster, which fades out and then focuses on Marcus in the background. Dissolve shots are also used through the next few scenes of Marcus, not so much for transition, but for an emotional effect as well as to indicate a lapse of time.
Most of the beginning of the film is made up of close-ups of small actions, so the first master shot we see is when Will drives away from this flat on his way to his sister's house to see her new baby, Imogene. This sets up the location of Will's flat as a small oasis, or island as Will likes to consider it, in the middle of dense civilization."
Abstract This paper presents a case study about a seventeen year old female suffering from depression. The paper details her appearance, provides her developmental history and concludes with a diagnosis and recommendations.
Outline:
Introduction
Appearance
Presenting Problem
Developmental History
Mental Status
Multi-axial Assessment
Differential Diagnosis and Recommendations
From the Paper "When Julia lived in her birth parents' home, she was frequently berated for being a "slacker." As early as kindergarten, Julia was told that she was expected to go to a "good college" and to graduate with honors. When she had difficulty learning to read in first grade, Julia's birth parents told her that she was "lazy" and that if she did not succeed at school that she was "not worthy" of being their daughter. When Julia was seven years of age, she was removed from the home for related issues."
Abstract This paper discusses the case of a teenager with borderline personality disorder. It explains the teenager's history and current problem. The writer describes the assessments done and the diagnosis and recommendations.
Outline:
Introduction
Appearance
Presenting Problem
Developmental History
Mental Status
Multi-axial Assessment
Differential Diagnosis and Recommendations
From the Paper "By her senior year, Hetty began exhibiting short bouts of anxiety and irritability, most prominently before and during examination weeks. While her outbursts became less frequent, she reported having hallucinations of Jesus hovering in front of her. This alarmed her parents and brought her in for evaluation. Hetty's symptoms meet the diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000), borderline personality disorder is "a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts." "
Abstract This paper explains the background information about the psychological problems of Will Hunter as presented in the film "Good Will Hunting". The author uses the multi-axial diagnostic system provided in the DSM-IV to analyze Will's conduct disorder, which falls under each of the five axes. The paper relates information from the film to support this diagnosis and to demonstrates the factors which led to Will's recovery. The author concludes that this recovery as depicted in the film was somewhat unrealistic; however, over an extended period of treatment, it is very likely that Will could have made great progress.
From the Paper "There is no diagnosis relevant to Will on Axis III, but on Axis IV Will falls under V61.10, Partner Relational Problems, and V15.81, Non-compliance with treatment. Will goes through three therapists due to his non-compliance before Sean finally agrees to work with him. Even then, Will goes through a number of non-compliant sessions with Sean whereby they sit in silence and Will refuses to talk. With respect to relational problems, Will has difficulty with his girlfriend, and eventually tells her that he does not love her because he is afraid of moving to California with her only to eventually be rejected."
Tags: professor intelligence, conduct disorder, therapist, talk therapy
