Abstract
Beginning with a brief outline of the challenges of composition authorship, this paper continues on with how music is seen and labeled by genre. Largely focused on classical music, this paper expands out to discuss how women and their compositions in the 18th century were shielded or disguised as the work of someone else. Includes figures demonstrating how computers define authorship of music. Overall, it shows the challenges of authorship in the past and present, and how it has changed or remained the same.

Outline:
Introduction
I. Challenges of Attribution and Authorship of Musical Compositions
II. Kranenburg - Attribution by Qualifying Compositional Strategies
III. Temporary Concealment of Authorship of Musical Composition in Late 18th Century
IV. Composer Identification Based on Typical Pattern Detection
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"It is clear that labels do carry with them meaning that is and should well be applied in listening to musical composition for to fail to integrate the historical information and the time period information as well as the composer with the listening experience will leave the listener a little short of the pure enjoyment of the music for what it is as written in the time of the composer who composed the musical work. This study has shown that the accuracy of the human listener is not adequate although the human listener appears to be correct more than half of the time."

Tags:music, composition, authorship, art

Abstract
This paper explains that hermeneutics, both a science and an art, exists for the purpose in propagating interpretation. The author points out that the study of sensus plenior is a foray into the more artistic side of biblical interpretation, firmly grounded in the foundation of literal interpretation of the text. The paper relates that sensus plenior is a theological proposition stating that there is more to some texts than the author's initially understood there to be; therefore, certain interpreters have been divinely inspired to "see" new meanings in the text that are accurate and merely previously overlooked. The author states that sensus plenior is inextricably linked with the single and dual theories of biblical authorship. The paper concludes that sensus plenior allows for Old Testament passages to be reinterpreted in light of New Testament revelation and then checked against all other available passages on the matter.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Dual Authorship
In Favor
Opposition
Single Authorship
In Favor
Opposition
Sensus Plenior
Introduction
Definition
Evidence
Warnings
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In his writings, Peter claims that the biblical authors were moved by the Holy Spirit. Paul made similar claims when he stated that the Scriptures were God breathed. "Hence the Bible claims that Spirit-moved writers uttered God-breathed writings." This hypostatic union attempts to explain the partnership of the divine and human author. A comparison can be made to the Council of Chalcedon's theory to explain the divinity and humanity of Christ. The Council decreed that it is necessary to emphasize the divinity of Christ as well as the humanity of Christ."

Tags:interpretation, proposition, revelation, variation, daniel

Abstract
Despite its traditional assignment to the Pauline canon this is no longer believed to accurately represent its authorship. This paper explores alternative authors from Barnabas and Apollos to Pauline. It concludes that authorship is, and will presumably remain.

Abstract
The paper discusses the absence of available examples of Shakespeare's signature on original manuscripts, an absence of definitive proof of Shakespeare's schooling beyond those initial years of grammar school and the historical indications that suggest the specific Shakespeare of Stratford to whom authorship is attributed may have been something of a scoundrel. The paper explains that these arguments have opened the door to speculation regarding his authorship. The paper highlights, however, how the vast majority of conditions held against Shakespeare are drawn circumstantially and are based on a lack of evidence as to his authorship rather than pressing evidence as to his non-authorship. The paper reaches the conclusion that even if there is both cause to suggest that we don't have sufficient evidence to be assured of his authorship and that we have shreds of evidence connecting this authorship to figures such as Marlowe or Bacon or de Vere, the evidence is far more compelling to suggest that Shakespeare was probably the author of most, if not all, of the works which are believed to be his.

From the Paper
"In addition to the absence of record on this subject, there is also an absence of definitive proof of Shakespeare's schooling beyond those initial years of grammar school that may have suggested, at the very least, that he was not an illiterate man. This distinguishes him from his upbringing as a village commoner whose father had known both business success and failure. Again, here is cause for doubt to those who make the case against Shakespeare. It is denoted that the body of his work is constituted of roughly 29,000 words, a remarkable sum compared to the 6,000 words tabulated in the King James Bible. (Wikipedia, 1) Thus, it is not simply considered in retrospect a remarkable feat that a man of this modest upbringing, whose historical documentation shows no definitive involvement at any significant level of schooling, to have commanded such a vocabulary. Indeed, it is even considered somewhat uncertain that any one individual might have been capable of a body of work of this breadth."

Tags:commoners, nobles, court, Stratford-upon-Avon

Abstract
The paper examines changing conceptions of knowledge and evolving notions of authorship, accuracy and reliability through the prism of a relational study of two internet-based repositories of knowledge. These two internet based repositories of knowledge are Wikipedia - "the free encyclopaedia that everybody can edit" - and Google Knol - "the ultimate, free and responsible on-line encyclopaedia." The paper relates that since its inception in 2001, there has been much debate, both scholarly and mainstream, about the advantages and disadvantages of Wikipedia as a repository of knowledge. The paper explains that critics of Wikipedia have targeted its systemic bias and inconsistencies (Sanger, 2004), as well as its policy of favouring consensus over credentials in the editorial process. The paper also notes that Wikipedia's reliability and accuracy have also been thrown into question (Waldman, 2004), as has its susceptibility to vandalism and the addition of spurious or unverified information (Frank, 2006), although this is in spite of the relative infrequency that such vandalism occurs compared to the massive amount of posted data.

From the Paper
"The changing conceptions of knowledge and evolving notions of authorship, accuracy and reliability through the prism of a relational study of two internet-based repositories of knowledge will be examined. These two internet based repositories of knowledge are Wikipedia - "the free encyclopaedia that everybody can edit" - and Google Knol - "the ultimate, free and responsible on-line encyclopaedia." Since its inception in 2001, there has been much debate, both scholarly and mainstream, about the..."

Tags:changing, google, wikipedia

From the Paper
"The authorship of the Epistle to the Hebrews has never been established and, barring the appearance of new evidence, seems unlikely ever to be determined. No firm tradition ever assigned the document to a particular writer, no statements have ever been discovered that make a solid attribution, and extensive examination of internal evidence has failed to produce anything resembling consensus. Scholars have proposed numerous candidates but such ideas depend almost entirely on internal evidence since as little is known about the audience and date of the letter as is known about the writer. Despite these drawbacks speculation about the author of Hebrews has gone on intermittently for nearly two millennia. This is not speculation for its own sake, however, since the identification of author, audience, and date is intrinsically related to understanding the document. It is.."

Abstract
This paper relates that understanding the authorship of the Book of Isaiah has a considerable effect upon the whole field of biblical disclosure, including the revelation of Jesus as the Messiah. Next, the author outlines the development of Isaianic interpretation, examines the controversial interpretive issues and demonstrates that the historic, pre-Enlightenment conception of Isaiah and predictive prophecy are essential both for theological cohesion and for an evangelical hermeneutic. The paper concludes that the case of the authorship of the book of Isaiah is dependent on the perspective of the investigator; thereby, the historic interpretation of Isaiah must continue to be vigorously defended by those who take God at His Word. The paper includes end-notes.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The History of Isaianic Interpretation
Isaianic Interpretation in Jewish and New Testament Sources
Isaianic Interpretation before the Enlightenment
Isaianic Interpretation after the Enlightenment
Interpretive Issues
Historical Considerations
Theological Considerations
Literary Considerations
Prophecy and Hermeneutics
Predictive Prophecy and Intertestamental Cohesion
Predictive Prophecy and Theological Cohesion
Christological Significance
Eschatological Significance
Predictive Prophecy and the Evangelical Hermeneutic
Conclusion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Much of the confusion arising from literary variances may be best understood in the sense that, as a prophetic work, the book of Isaiah is a collection of prophecies; that is, "it is not a continuous piece of writing composed in one train of thought." Isaiah had a long prophetic career, and the divine oracles which he received and spoke or wrote addressed unique times, events, and predictions which the Lord intended to convey. Still, even with the disparate and periodic nature of the prophecies, there is nothing to demand a hard and fast division. Just as robust a case could be made for the continuity between the first and second halves of the book."

Tags:methodology historical-critical presuppositions, isaiah ben amoz, generations

Abstract
This paper discusses the famous French philosopher and writer, Michel Foucault and his understanding of authorship, according to one of his most well known and controversial essays, "What is an Author?". It discusses his argument that our current social understanding of authorship is fundamentally flawed. The paper then looks at the validity of his statements and suggests that his argument remains largely compelling.

From the Paper
"Altogether, Foucault determines that authorship has only manifested itself in artistic and intellectual expressions which possess the potential to threaten the basic power structures of our society. This is why it does not affect all forms of expression in the same manner or to the same degree. Since he has argued that it is essentially a worthless way to attempt to genuinely understand a piece of literature and even the individual human being who is responsible for producing it, he is left with the conclusion that it must be useful for limiting the spread of information and keeping power mechanisms within society properly functioning: "How can one reduce the great peril, the great danger with which fiction threatens our world? The answer is: one can reduce it with the author. The author allows a limitation of the cancerous and dangerous proliferation of significations within a world where one is thrifty not only with one's resources and riches, but also with one's discourses and their significations," (Foucault)."

Tags:intellectual, poststructuralist, knowledge

Abstract
This paper explores several issues associated with Apocryphal Psalm 151, including its authorship, the historical conditions of its writing and the historical period in which it was created. Additionally, the paper discusses the political and religious influences at the time the Psalm was written and the central themes of this particular work. Finally, the paper examines the Psalm from a religious Christian perspective, analyzing the Psalmists belief about the the sovereignty and providence of God.

Outline:
Introduction to Psalm 151
Authorship and Time-Period of Psalms 151
Historical, Political and Religious Influences
God's Sovereignty in Psalms 151
Summary and Conclusion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Psalm 151 is believed by the Qumran community to have been authored by David the King who authored the Psalms in the official Christian Bible, and upon reading this Psalm, it does seem to fit with the other writings of David insofar as the content. This Psalm speaks of brothers who are more handsome than he who writes the Psalm. Storfjell states that verse one which: "speaks about the size and age of David in comparison to his brothers and about his appointment to the work of Shepherd" (1987) is confirmed in verse 10 "which contrasts the fact that size and age are not criteria for being appointed to the position of leaders over Israel. "

Tags:Apocrypha, Psalms, Christianity, Judaism, Qumran, Dead, Sea, Scrolls, Psalm, 151

Abstract
This paper examines how the biblical writings of the "Old Testament" are considered to be a revelation of God's personal dealings with his people and how, as such, the biblical writings hold a unique place in the religious traditions of the Jewish and Christian faiths. It looks at different theories concerning the authorship and analyzes how these theories are built out of the anthropological understanding of how religious belief ascends from myth, which is told in stories and oral traditions.

From the Paper
"According to Nelson's Complete book of Bible Maps and Charts, the authorship of the first 5 books of the bible is attributed to Moses. This is a common view held by modern, conservative Jews and Christians alike, and is the view, according to Nelson's There was general agreement regarding Moses' authorship until the 18th century. In the modern period, however, it has often been asserted that behind the Pentateuch . . . are five separate documents, known as J, E, D, P, and R that each stem from a variety of periods of Israel's history and which were pieced together late in the Old Testament era into what we know today as the Pentateuch. This theory is known as the Documentary Hypothesis" (p. 4)"

Tags:moses, bible, myth, judaism, documentary, hypothesis