Abstract
This paper analyzes the V-Chip technology from a public policy point of view, with focus on its impact on juvenile crime. The paper opens by describing how juvenile crime is on the rise and how many feel there is a link between television violence and juvenile crime. The author then discusses how and why the V-Chip was developed as part of a public policy allowing parents to control access to television programs by their children. The paper then shifts to an evaluation of the technology, why it hasn't been successful, and why it's not a good public policy to be mandated by the government. The author closes by offering some suggestions as to how juvenile crime can be reduced by treating the underlying causes.

Tags:v, chip, crime

Abstract
This paper discusses the problem of children being exposed on television to massive amounts of violence, sex, drugs, adult language and inappropriate ideas. The author points out that self-policing by the entertainment industry and software locks on set-top boxes have yielded very few results. The paper examines the origin of the v-chip that physically prevents viewing, its role in the popular culture, the technology, and why it has not been successful. The author concludes that, unless a v-chip can be made that operates on some sort of personal or biometric recognition system, children will continue to act out what they see on television to the detriment of themselves and society. Personal policing is the only reliable course of action.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
History
Censorship
V-Chip
Significance / Meaning of Censorship
Success of V-Chip
Statement of Purpose
History of Media Censorship
Definition
History
Non-V-Chip Methods
Legislative
Link between Television Violence and Juvenile Crime
Levels of Violence Shown on TV
Link between Juvenile Crime and Exposure to Violence
Link between Juvenile Crime and TV
Public Policy that Led to V-Chip
National Campaigns
Legislation
Attempts to Get Industry to Self-Regulate
Relative Success of the V-Chip
Technological Aspects
How Vchip Works
Industrial Adoption
Actual Effectiveness
Cultural Adoption
Public Policy Effectiveness
Has Public Policy Paid Off?
Has the V-Chip and Other Methods Actually Changed Society?
Reduction of Juvenile Crime
Underlying Causes
Effects of Reduction
Secondary Effects

From the Paper
"Ratings, however, are simply not an effective deterrent. The determined child can simply keep his eyes open and watch as people kill each other on the screen. Ratings do not prevent actual viewing and it is viewing violence that creates violence. Therefore, the only course of action remaining, apparently, is to actually prevent children from watching particularly violent television shows. There are two basic ways to accomplish this that the broadcasting industry has agreed to participate in. First there is the "windowing" of television."

Tags:link in-home, rating system, self-policing code

Abstract
In this paper the author examines the changes in television censorship that have occurred over the past 50 years. He looks at how censorship has developed in relation to the development of the television itself. He examines that with the technological advancement of television there have also been technological advances in censorship such as the violence chip, more commonly known as the V-chip. The author describes how the V-chip was developed as an aid for parents to screen out certain programs that have been rated for violent content. The author discusses the laws that have been introduced to help television censorship and how they have been accepted by the general public. In conclusion the author reminds us that censorship is not enough and the viewing time of our impressionable youth also needs to be reduced.

From the Paper
"These changes from television's inception are clearly not positive. Both underage smoking and the burden of dealing with the lessons children learn from violence in the media has been placed on parents; it has not been seen as a responsibility of the masses. However, lessons surrounding both topics are played out every day in the classroom, schoolyard, home, and wider community. Moreover, both issues have become public health issues that affect all of us. As such, it may seem plausible that censorship is indeed the answer. However, the true issue is personal responsibility, since consenting adults should have the right to buy legal products and should also have the right to advertising to determine which brand they should buy. Instead of censorship, it is time to work together to reduce the problems created by smoking and violence for our children."

Tags:teachers, broadcast, smoking, network, brand

Abstract
This paper explains that computer chips are in almost every piece of equipment. Next, the author underscores that computer chips are made of smaller components called microprocessors; therefore, understanding the construction of microprocessors is essential to understanding chip construction. The paper describes the method of creating a flawless silicon base with a monocrystalline structure as developed by MEMC in Sherman, Texas.

From the Paper
"A silicon wafer is placed between two metal plates in a vacuum chamber. Air is pumped out of the chamber, and chlorine gas is pumped in. The metal plates are each connected to a high voltage that cycles on and off ten million times a second, charging the gas. This forms the plasma, as the chlorine gas separates and leaves individual chlorine atoms and charged chlorine ions. The ions attach themselves to the surface of the silicon wafer and create SiCl2 gas, which is pumped out of the chamber, along with some Si atoms."

Tags:silicon semi-conductor plasma, photoresist mask, disk

Abstract
This paper explains that the accounting policies of Intel Corporation, the world's largest semiconductor chip maker, demonstrate equity interest in a range of private and public companies, mainly for strategic reasons and to improve earnings in weak years. Whereas, the accounting policies of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD), Intel's chief competitor, show evidence of a big-bath scenario. The author uses a variety of accounting procedures to compare the ratio analysis, levers of conservatism and earnings management of these two companies. The paper includes 18 tables and has endnotes instead of a bibliography.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Ratio Analysis
Table 1: EC Ratio Analysis
Table 2: Ratio Analysis
Table 3: Advanced DuPont Model
Levers of Conservatism
Revenue Recognition
Depreciation
Table 4: PP&E and Depreciation & Amortization
Allowances for Accounts Receivable
Table 5: Allowances for Accounts Receivable
Product-Warranty Reserves
Table 6: Warranty Reserves
Inventories
Table 7: Inventories
Stock-Based Compensation
Table 8: Stock-Based Compensation
Table 9: Historical Volatility of Stocks and Implied Volatility of Stock Options
Retirement Benefit Obligations
Table 10: Retirement Benefit Obligations
Earnings Management
Operating Leases
Table 11: Operating leases at Intel
Table 12: Discount Rate Calculation for AMD
Table 13: Operating Leases at AMD
Off-Balance-Sheet Liabilities
Impairment of Intangible Assets
Subsidiaries
Table 14: Timeline of Events for AMD's Investment in Spansion Inc
Table 15: Intels' Equity Investments as per December 29, 2007
Restructuring Charges
Table 16: Restructuring Charges and Offsetting Gains at Intel
Repurchase of Common Stocks
Table 17: Number of Shares and EPS at Intel
Conclusion
Table 18: Consolidated Statements of Income and Balance Sheets at Intel and AMD

From the Paper
"Intel uses useful lives of 2 to 4 years to depreciate its equipment (which includes machinery), while AMD uses useful lives of 2 to 6 years for equipment depreciation purposes. In Table 4 below we can see that Intel's estimated total average life of PP&E is 10 years in the last three years, while AMD's fluctuates between 5 and 9 years. (The estimated total average life is calculated by dividing the gross PP&E by the depreciation expense.) The generally longer average total life at Intel can be explained by the fact that it has a higher proportion of buildings in its PP&E mix (e.g. 33% vs. AMD's 14% in 2007)."

Tags:conservatism, dupont model, warranty reserves, stock, discount rate

Abstract
This paper begins the discussion of customer loyalty enhanced retail concepts by investigating radio frequency identification (RFID) grocery store shopping carts that would enable shoppers to plug a memory stick or PEM drive loaded with their grocery lists from their home PCs into the shopping cart and have their shopping list pop up with pricing, availability, promotions and location on a flat screen monitor attached to the cart. Next the author reviews the SpeedPass, an RFID chip embedded in plastic, pre-approved based on the car renter's record, insurance ratings and credit ratings, that would speed up the process of getting a rental car. The paper strongly recommends that the trains linking the Boston, New York and Washington D.C. and along the West Coast have free WiFi.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Grocery Stores with RFID Enabled Shopping Carts
SpeedPass for Rental Cars
WiFi and Business Services on Amtrak

From the Paper
"A solution to this is to create special SpeedPass based on RFID technology. The SpeedPass would be an RFID chip embedded in plastic, preapproved based on a renter's record, insurance ratings, and credit ratings if applicable, and mailed to the cardholder for their use in high risk areas. The SpeedPass would then be scanned at the rental desk in the airport and the car would be lined up by the rental center. The customer could take the bus to the SpeedPass lane, and the RFID contained they had would flash their specific stall number and then they would get their car. Just to make sure the right customer got the right car RFID scanners would be underneath the dashboard and the car would only start for the right RFID card match. By simply typing in a short code, the support staff getting the cards lined p would be able to ensure only the right customer gets the right car. This would save hours of time in high risk insurance areas that also happen to be tourism destinations including Miami Beach, Ft. Lauderdale, New Orleans, San Diego and Hawaii in the U.S. and throughout European nations with high insurance rates."

Tags:tags meetings, checkout total, vacationers insurance

Abstract
This paper explains that, based on the U.S. Constitution, intellectual property law protects under six categories, including 1) copyright, 2) patent, 3) trademark, 4) trade secret, 5) misappropriation of information at state levels, and 6) semiconductor chip protection at the federal level. The author points out that the concept of intellectual property originated in Venice, where the government granted some form of exclusive rights to the respective inventors in the 15th century. Copyright laws have existed in the United States since the late 18th century, but it was only in the beginning of the 20th century that Congress realized the importance of revising the laws. The paper relates that an effective knowledge management system allows a business to effortlessly keep track of innovation in its earliest research and development stage, allowing the company's upper hierarchy to identify innovation and maintain its confidentiality.

Table of Contents
Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property Violations
Protection of Intellectual Property
Knowledge Management System
Patent
Trademark
Trade Secrets
Copyrights
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Intellectual property is an important asset for a company. According to Su (2000) "Intellectual property rights are defined as governmental protection of private innovations and creativity." Every company has to fight to retain and protect its intellectual property. Intellectual Property is hypothetically a reference to the creation of the mind. It is an intangible piece of property that solely belongs to the company that developed it. They have the legal right to own it as a lot of time and resources have been spent developing it. Intellectual property can be anything like copyrighted work, patented invention or a trademark."

Tags:copywrite, software, research, employees, confidentiality

Abstract
This paper explains what went wrong on Election Night, in particular the problems with VNS and with Ellis? involvement in Fox's (2:15 a.m.) call. The author also covers how U.S. newspapers called the election in their November 8th editions. Chip Minemyer, associate editor of the Centre Daily Times will then give his input on the problems of election night. Finally, the author provides conclusions based on the facts he has gathered on this case.

From the Paper
" Almost everyone in the United States and throughout the world remembers how close and controversial George W. Bush's victory against Al Gore was in the 2000 U.S. presidential election. Many people know that the five major U.S. television networks (ABC, NBC, CBS, CNN, and Fox) twice wrongly declared the winner of the pivotal state of Florida, the Associated Press first declared Gore the winner, and that many U.S. newspapers said Bush was the winner in one of their November 8th editions. The networks crowned each respective candidate as the victor - first between 7:49 and 8 p.m. ET for Gore and then just after 2:16 a.m. for Bush only to see their declarations of victory change, in Gore's case to undecided call and then to a Bush victory, and in Bush's case to see victory projections change to an undecided status. What many people do not know about the miscalls are the crucial roles the Voter News Service (VNS), a consortium funded by the five major news networks and the Associated Press, and John Ellis, George W. Bush's first cousin and a member of the Fox News' team of people responsible for calling the winner, had in the erroneous projections on election night. (Mnookin 94 & 95 and Associated Press, "Fox Exec.")

Tags:communications, election, mass, media, political, politics, president, presidential

Abstract
This paper explains that ONEX Corporation, a Toronto-based company, has emerged as one of Canada's largest and most successful business entities. The author points out that ONEX Corporation is notoriously effective at not only assessing the strength of a potential asset vis-a-vis its particular industry but also at adding value to that asset so that it becomes a valuable trading 'chip' in future business ventures. The paper relates the process by which ONEX makes its "Make or Buy' decisions at the executive level.

From the Paper
"'Make or Buy' decisions are very impressive insofar as they are prudent, fiscally conservative, and exceedingly well-researched. The following paper explores the process by which ONEX makes it "Make or Buy decisions" at the executive level. Because ONEX is, as we shall see, primarily an acquisitions company, special emphasis will be given to the specific manner by which it makes those acquisitions. In the final analysis, what should emerge is a clear illustration of how this Toronto-based company has emerged as one of Canada's largest and most successful business entities."

Tags:onex, make, buy

Abstract
This paper analyzes the factors influencing the market future for 13 products from convenience food to crude oil. The author stresses that, in addition to the rapid evolution of technologies, consumers' behavior, demands and expectations also change. Thus, manufacturers are forced to adapt to new requirements. For example, some factors, which could influence the demand for pay-per-view television programming are cheaper monthly fees for competing television channels that air new films and programs, specific laws restricting airing of recent films and future technical improvements. Includes color diagrams showing the proportion each factor holds in influencing the future demand of each product.

Table of Contents:
Convenience Foods
Products Purchased on the Internet
Fax Machines
Film and Cameras
Video Rented from Retail Outlets
Pay-per-View Television Programming
Future Product Supply
Crude Oil
Computer Memory Chip
Hotel Rooms
Fast food Outlets in Emerging Markets
Credit cards Issued by Financial Institutions
Laptop Computers

From the Paper
"When they were first invented, fax machines were considered cutting edge technologies. However, today there is nothing special about them. Present in most all companies and sometimes even within individuals' households, fax machines are used to send and receive information on paper. Opinions in regard to the future trend of fax machines vary. While some state that the demand will increase, others point out that the demand will take a downfall."

Tags:requirements, working patterns, demographics niche, foreign investors