Abstract
This paper examines authoritarian and totalitarian both today and historically showing how thesepolitical regimes have resulted in the brutal oppression of its citizens. Despite their similarities, these political systems differ in many significant ways. The paper further elaborates on the different ways their power is used and the characteristics of the party's leaders. In addition, only the totalitarian system follows an ideology.

From the Paper
Authoritarianism and Totalitarianism as Political Systems of Social Control Students Name Teachers Name Name of the Course June 2, 2008 Totalitarianian and authoritarian rule are undemocratic political systems that use similar political tactics to rule their states. Both of these political systems have had large and devastating historical impact on its citizens. Totalitarian regimes such as Hitler's Nazi Germany and fascist

Tags:dictators, power, social control

Abstract
The paper looks at how states in Southeast Asia are regularly depicted in terms of extremes. This paper explores how China and South Korea appear to be diametrically opposed in that the former is authoritarian while South Korea is democratic. The paper relates that for the most part, this type of polarity does provide a realistic assessment of the two countries' positions.

From the Paper
"States in Southeast Asia are regularly depicted in terms of extremes. South Korea, for example, recently made the transition from an authoritarian to a democratic state. In South Korea, the pattern has been and continues to be, rather than a state invariably dominating society, the various elements of the state interact with a number of societal groups in different ways (Foster 85). Even though China remains an authoritarian state, the same pattern of interaction, to a far more limited degree, can be observed over its history. This paper will explore..."

Tags:china, s. korea, compare

Abstract
In this paper, the author analyzes the similarities and differences between totalitarianism and authoritarianism through the comparison of typical countries. It further shows these two kinds of regimes have important similarities, as well as important differences. The paper refers to several nations that practice one or another of these regimes in order to illustrate its various points. However, the paper also shows that neither totalitarianism and authoritarianism are acceptable political regimes.

From the Paper
"In this paper, I am going to analyze the similarities and differences between totalitarianism and authoritarianism through the comparison of typical countries. As will be shown, these two kinds of regimes have important similarities, as well as important differences. I will refer to several nations that practice one or other of these regimes in order to illustrate my points. However, I will show that neither totalitarianism and authoritarianism are acceptable political regimes...."

Tags:totalitarianism, authoritarianism, regimes

Abstract
In 1950, Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswick, and Levinson and Sanford delved into the concept of the authoritarian personality (TAP). Some of their prime assumptions include that those with TAP are submissive to authority and look to them for the definitions of right and wrong; that they are prejudiced towards an out-group, which they consider weak and inferior. The present study is based on these assumptions. An opportune sample of 100 male students of "hard sciences" were given a questionnaire assessing their susceptibility to an authoritarian source of information over that of a non-authoritarian source, along with Rokeach's Dogmatism scale (measuring authoritarianism). No significant correlation was found between the two factors. Although the findings do not support Adorno, et. al.'s assumptions, they provide evidence for forthcoming theories.

From the Paper
"Hitler, Mussolini and many other political and national leaders of the 1930-1950 period adopted and pushed authoritarianism as a strong challenge to democracy. Followers flocked to their banners" (Whitten, 1976, p.622). In an attempt to explain this phenomenon, Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswick, Levinson and Sanford (1950, which will be referred to in the text as AFLS) carried out a search for possible roots and causes of the Authoritarian Personality (TAP) type. Starting at the roots of anti-Semitism, it became a psychological study of ethnocentrism based on Freudian Psychodynamic theory. A person with TAP was defined as "a potentially fascistic individual, one whose structure is such as to render him particularly susceptible to anti-democratic propaganda" and these individuals "exhibit numerous characteristics that go together to form a syndrome", Adorno et al (1950, p.1). These were conventionalism, authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, superstition and stereotypy, power and toughness, destructiveness and cynicism, projectivity, concern with sexual goings-on and dogmatism. Some argued that this definition was too limited and too concerned with political opinion, thus defining it as "the desire to impose one's will on others" Ray (1976 cited in Louw-Potgieter (2001), p.78)."

Tags:authoritarianism, sample, study

Abstract
This paper examines how China's political system has largely remained outwardly intact while economic modernization continues to transform the country. The paper also looks at the way in which China's government has changed endogeneously while maintaining an external appearance of control. It looks at the work of three scholars and how they each approach the issue.

Tags:repression, censorship, capitalism

Abstract
This paper describes both totalitarian and authoritarian systems of government, comparing and contrasting these approaches. According to the paper, a totalitarian system is one in which a state regulates nearly every single aspect of public and private life whereas an authoritarian system is a form of social control characterized by highly strict obedience to the authority of a state or organization.

From the Paper
"A totalitarian system is one in which a state regulates nearly every single aspect of public and private life whereas an authoritarian system is a form of social control characterized by highly strict obedience to the authority of a state or organization; in other words, authoritarianism may be viewed as a far less extreme version of totalitarianism. Over the next several pages, the two types of government will be compared and their respective histories briefly discussed. In the final analysis, while totalitarianism has its advantages for the ruling elites, there can be..."

Tags:authoritarian, system, government

Abstract
In today's classroom environment there are many teaching methods and supervision techniques in use. These methods range from the authoritarian approach to the passive approach, providing a wide array of results in academic performance, levels of unacceptable behaviors and overall classroom environments. This paper examines the authoritarian approach to teaching and supervision and discusses the benefits of such a teaching method. Additionally, the paper presents the writer's opinion of why the authoritarian method of supervision is ideal for use in grade school classrooms.

From the Paper
"Additionally, the authoritarian teacher emphasizes rules and discipline. Failure to obey those rules is followed by appropriate punishment techniques. While positive reinforcement is certainly used to encourage good behavior, negative reinforcement is often used to discourage inappropriate behaviors. In short, authoritarian supervision of students depends upon the teacher acting as the ultimate authority, providing direction in all classroom activity and making most classroom decisions (Hawley, 1996)."

Tags:school, reinforcement, direction

Abstract
This paper explains that reforms carried out in Iran and Turkey by Reza Shah Pahlavi and Kemal Ataturk correspondingly, during the early half of the twentieth century, are two classical political science cases of authoritarian modernization. Next, the author details the lives of these two leaders, their influences and what they achieved. The paper concludes that both self-made men were great military soldiers and dedicated nation builders who used an iron hand. Their mistakes easily can be overlooked, the author asserts, because of their county's tremendous social, cultural, political and educational progress and the emancipation of women during their regimes. This paper includes footnotes.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Historical Background
Reza Shah Pahlavi
Kemal Ataturk
Comparing the Two Leaders, Their Influence and What They Achieved
How These Two Personalities Affected Today's World
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In fact, Reza Shah was perceived by many as "a not so successful follower of Ataturk". It is also felt that the secular reforms of Ataturk were far more sweeping than that of Reza Shah. Ataturk was able to abolish the caliphate altogether and establish a republic. Reza Shah's attempt to do a parallel in Iran however, met with varying degrees of success and he could never eliminate the influence of the clerics in the political life of the Iranians. The movement launched by Reza Shah could not create as radical an upheaval in Iran as the modernization movement initiated by Ataturk did in Turkey."

Tags:catalysts, etatism, popularity, westernization, founder

Abstract
The paper explains how the political system of contemporary China known as 'fragmented authoritarianism' is highly inefficient and often ineffective. The paper focuses on the three major issues with this political system; the nonlinear chains of command, the overloading of tasks in the leadership center, and the quality of information-flow to this center. It then looks at what measures the leadership of China has taken to limit or eliminate these problems. The paper shows that fragmented authoritarianism has indeed caused several major fallacies in the Chinese political system and that the state has attempted to overcome these problems with a number of policies.

From the Paper
"One of the most obvious problems with the 'fragmented authoritarianism' Chinese political system is that of officials, at all levels below the center, having multiple bosses. The system consists of multiple hierarchical lines (party, government, department etc) that flow from the center through several territorial levels (province, city, county etc). Functional organs at any given territorial level have the same rank, regardless of hierarchical line. For instance a provincial government will hold the same rank as its provincial party equivalent. As a result, an official in a county government, for example, will have bosses in different hierarchical lines at different territorial levels, with no clear indication as to who to follow. In practice, this means it becomes hard to find satisfactory decisions in regards to projects and then to implement these decisions with a satisfactory degree of coordination."

Tags:communism, centralism, authoritarianism, officials, rank, Mao, Zedong

Abstract
This paper discusses how Lewis demonstrates effectively, in her novel, by means of several major characters, such as Monsieur Guerre, Martin Guerre, and Bertrande, how the restrictive nature of the patriarchal system impacts negatively on individuals. It also shows how the clearly defined roles assigned to both women and men led to great difficulties on a personal level, which then have consequences that affect the community as a whole.

From the Paper
"The role of men in the authoritarian society of rural France was both a powerful and frustrating one. The character of Monsieur Guerre is used effectively by Lewis to demonstrate the negative effects of the restrictions placed upon the male individual by society. The position of cap d'hostal is an extremely important one in the structure of the society. His supremacy is so complete that any actions not first approved by him are considered illegal, he has a great power over all members of his household and can expect complete obedience from them at all times. However, with this power comes a great burden. He is responsible for the welfare of all those under him, and so he must always act in a manner that will benefit the mesnie as a whole. As a result of this he is allowed little emotional freedom and expression. We can see the effects that the role of cap d'hostal has on the individual in Monsieur Guerre. Although a natural authoritarian figure, Monsieur Guerre harshness is accentuated by the burden of his position. On two occasions we can see the extent to which Monsieur Guerre must go to consider the welfare of his household. The first of these is the bear hunt which a young Marin takes part in. as Martin has not asked permission to go on the hunt; Monsieur Guerre is required to punish him."

Tags:arnaud, authoritarian, bertrande, france, guerre, martin, patriarchal