Abstract
Robert Burns, 1759-1796, is an important part of Scottish history, best remembered for his simple "Auld Lang Syne." His popularity with the common Scotsman can be gauged from the fact that Burns is regarded as the national poet and held in much esteem. This paper traces the life of Burns from a poverty-stricken childhood on a farm to the beginnings of his career as a writer. The paper looks at Burns' work as symbolic of the Romantic era in they way that it embodied the ideologies of the movement. The paper discusses several of Burns' texts such as "The Ordination" and "The Holy Fair."

From the Paper
"The life of Robert Burns was a departure from the rules of the society. He did not hold the popular religious views. He did not marry in a ritualistic way with marriage following courtship, and children following marriage. He did not even stick to the family profession the way Scots always did. Instead, he kept moving from one kind of living to another.
In his early life, Burns had taken to reading liberal theological works such as The Scripture Doctrine of Original Sin Proposed to Free and Candid Examination, 1740, by the English proto-Unitarian John Taylor. Furthermore, he admired and followed the works of two Ayrshire clergymen, William McGill and William Dalrymple, who held Arian views and had connections with the English Unitarians Joseph Priestley and Theophilus Lindsey. As a result of this interest, Burns came to possess rather heretical religious views, which made him quite unpopular among his immediate circle."

Tags:Romanticism, John, Taylor, Epistle, to, John, Goldie

Abstract
This paper discusses how Douglass' "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave" addresses both the issue of slavery and the issue of prejudice. The paper looks at how the narrative is not only a personal account of Douglass' experiences as a slave, but it is also an eloquent antislavery treatise and how one of his reasons for writing the Narrative was undoubtedly to offer proof to those who felt that an articulate, intelligent man could not possibly once have been a slave. He tells the story, and interprets it as well.

From the Paper
"One reason this memoir is so useful is that up until it was written, histories of slavery consisted largely of information released by slaveholders. In his preface to the book, Wendell Phillips praises Douglass's work as an example of a slave awakening to his rights and as a description of the negative impact slavery has on slaves' souls. Phillips remarks upon the fact that Douglass's account is of conditions in Maryland, where slavery is less harsh, thus highlighting what must be the unthinkable cruelty experienced by slaves in the Deep South. Phillips echoes Garrison's assertion that Douglass is not exaggerating, that the instances of cruelty that Douglass recounts were not anomalous."

Tags:Edward, Covey, Sophia, Auld, Aunt, Hester

Abstract
This paper shows how Frederick Douglass faced many challenges during his lifetime as a slave, growing up in a society that imposed stereotypical guidelines upon him - he was a slave, therefore he must never learn to read, never live equally as a free man, and certainly never speak out against slavery. By studying Douglass' autobiography "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave", published in 1845, this paper shows how Douglass made it is his life's purpose to find ways to either change laws, which he disagreed with, or to change his own life in spite of the legislation.

From the Paper
"The abolishment of slavery was the sole desire and goal of Douglass, especially after he managed to escape from his masters. When he was young, he knew he did not want to remain a slave for life, and this was his lifelong battle. Despite the many cruelties and atrocities that he was witness to, it wasn't until he was beaten on a weekly basis by Mr. Covey that his spirit became somewhat diminished and broken. He was a field hand for the first time, and wasn't used to the work. When he would make mistakes, he would be beaten, and he became downtrodden in his quest for freedom. It was a battle with Mr. Covey, to which he had not been broken, that became "the turning-point in my career as a slave". (72) He had succeeded in renewing "the few expiring embers of freedom" and his sense of "manhood". (72) Douglass continued to be a slave for many more years, but all the while plotted his eventual escape."

Tags:Auld, family, anti-slavery, meeting, blacks

Abstract
This paper examines how, within 19th century American literature, two works on slavery that helped to bring about the abolition of slavery were Frederick Douglass' "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave" (1845) and Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" (1851). It looks at how these were two of the most important books of the antebellum era and how both contributed, due to their strong impacts on the hearts and minds of the American public, to the eventual abolition of slavery in America. It also examines how both works depict, in detail, the south's "peculiar institution" of slavery, and its extreme inhumanity and cruelty.

From the Paper
"However, Douglass' Narrative further describes how Frederick, soon undaunted, and by now enormously thirsty for additional knowledge, continues learning, against the odds, to read and write, anyway. He accomplishes this by enlisting white neighborhood boys his age to help him with his letters in exchange for handouts of bread from the Auld kitchen (Douglass, p. 2017). It is Frederick's duty to be an obedient slave to his Baltimore master, Hugh Auld, but Frederick's desire to learn to read, despite its being illegal, clearly wins out.
Later, Douglass, as a young man seeking freedom, as he also writes in his Narrative, ran away first to the North, and then to England (when he was already a known author and speaker worldwide). "

Tags:blacks, south, hugh, auld, eliza