Abstract
The writer describes his internship project at the Asheville Audiology Services (AAS), where he worked in their human resources department and was tasked to write the company's personnel manual. The writer explains why it was a different experience for him and how this project highlighted his own personal strengths and weaknesses. The writer relates the insights he garnered from this internship project at AAS.

From the Paper
"Internship during college allows one to practice what has been learned in are real world setting. I did my internship project at the Asheville Audiology Services, whose core business competency is providing service that enhances and preserves hearing using modern and proven tools and methodologies. At the AAS, I worked in their human resources department where I was tasked to write the company's personnel manual. The outline of their personnel manual was based on existing provisions in the healthcare industry and I had to do research not only on employment laws but on healthcare laws as well. In order to understand the audiology practice better and incorporate its unique organizational requirements, I met with the AAS owner once a week to present drafts and get further inputs that helped in improving the employee manual. I was fortunate enough to be allowed to worked on the AAS personnel manual independently from home and submit completed sections during my weekly meeting with the owner. The task was completed in two months and I was proud of being able to fulfill my task."

Tags:employment, regulations, human, resources

Abstract
On Monday, March 10, 2008, I was fortunate enough to observe a respected audiologist named Shlomit Wolff at the Hazan Center for the Hearing Impaired. During my visit, Dr. Wolff carried out a hearing test on a 3-year old girl named Rachel Dyn, a little girl who, according to her mother, appears to have a great deal of difficulty hearing. I learned a great deal from this experience that I would like to share.

From the Paper
Audiology Field Experience On Monday, March 10, 2008, I was fortunate enough to observe a respected audiologist named Shlomit Wolff at the Hazan Center for the Hearing Impaired. During my visit, Dr. Wolff carried out a hearing test on a 3-year old girl named Rachel Dyn, a little girl who, according to her mother, appears to have a great deal of difficulty hearing. Because a good audiologist will learn as much as possible about any patient before proceeding with his or her work, Dr. Wolff asked Rachel's mother several questions pertaining to her history as well as to the family's history as it pertained to the matter of hearing. For instance, I

Tags:audiology, field, experience

Abstract
The paper states that cleft lips and cleft palates are among the most common of birth defects and if left untreated can lead to serious medical and concurrent speech and language problems. The paper comments that, while the consequences of cleft lips and palates can be severe and long-lasting, these can be averted by medical intervention, especially if it is done as early as possible. This paper explores the various options for surgical, medical, dental, and speech and audiological management of cleft of the secondary palates in children with Apert's syndrome and the ways in which these interventions can help children with these particular birth defects.

Outline:
Role of the Geneticist
Role of the Speech Language Pathologist
Role of the Audiologist
Role of the Plastic Surgeon
Role of the Dentist
Role of the Orthodontist
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The second process involves orthodontic treatment of the deciduous dentition stage, which the researchers state has a direct correlation with the patency of circummaxillary sutures. This occurs in the latter period of 5;0 to 7;0 years. It is significant to reiterate the research of Kaloust, Ishii, and Vargervik (1997), bearing in mind once again that there is a 0.96 year delay in dentition of Apert's vs. normal children's dentition. Treatments are needed for the lack of deciduous dentition in the area of the alveolar cleft, and these treatments may include a face mask to protract growth. Treatment to manage crossbite includes equilibration for occlusal interference."

Tags:maxillofacial, craniofacial, team, bicoronal, synostosis

Abstract
Defines the disorder as a deficiency with several behavioral manifestations including Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Examines the importance of early assessment and interventions. Examines audiologic practice.

From the Paper
"Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD) is a disorder characterized by difficulty in processing and interpreting auditory stimuli in the absence of a peripheral hearing loss. .."

Abstract
In this article, the writer reviews a 2002 article about an experiment testing digit speech recognition thresholds (SRT) for non-native speakers of English to test their hearing. The writer discusses the criteria upon which SRTs are based.

From the Paper
"Ramkissoon Proctor Lansing and Bilger undertook a study designed to enhance testing of non-English speaking individuals who require a hearing test. They pointed out that an integral component of diagnostic audiology involves measuring the hearing threshold for speech. The speech recognition threshold SRT test is used most commonly for this purpose and while most any materials may be used for SRT ..."

Tags:audiology, hearing experiment, speech, SRT, linguistic

Abstract
This paper explains that congenital cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of hearing loss, generally sensorineural hearing loss,and brain damage in children. The author points out that nearly half of the infants born with symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection develop a hearing loss; but this hearing loss does not develop until later (late-onset hearing loss), which suggests that babies born with congenital cytomegalovirus should have their hearing consistently monitored. This paper relates that, as yet, there is no vaccine against human cytomegalovirus, but there are methods of management and treatment, which prevent infection and reactivation of infection or suppress and preempt current infection.

From the Paper
"Human congenital cytomegalovirus is the most common intrauterine infection and can be present in three forms; latent, non-productive yet asymptomatic, or productive and symptomatic. Cytomegalovirus is also the largest member of the herpes virus family. This is because it is common for hearing loss and other symptoms of the virus to occur later in life after infancy, as the virus is a member of the betaherpesviridae family where slow growth of the virus is common. Ninety-five percent of infants born with the Cytomegalovirus infection appear normal. It can infect both humans and animals. This virus can be transmitted through oropharyngeal secretions, urine, cervical and vaginal secretions, spermatic fluids, breast milk and blood, and is usually transmitted to a fetus by transplacental means. The studies mentioned in this paper focus strictly on human congenital cytomegalovirus."

Tags:audiology, treatment, late-onset, herpes, monitor

Abstract
This paper explains that otoacoustic emissions or OAEs are low-intensity sounds produced by the normal cochlea and by the cochlear outer hair cells as they expand and contract. The knowledge of the function of OAEs has provided new breakthroughs and insights into early intervention and treatment of deafness. The paper then describes the four types of OAEs, as well as ways to test, assess, and measure OAEs. Additionally, the paper discusses their clinical use and prognostic value. The paper concludes that their overall recognized value is in supplying information about cochlear function, which indicates hearing problems. This unique capability holds many promises.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Anatomy
Types
SOAEs
TOAEs
DPOAEs
SFOAEs
Measurements
Clinical Use
Low-Level OAEs Predict Susceptibility to Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
OAEs Can Cause Hearing Loss without Ear Damage
Recreational Hearing Loss
Tympanic Perforations
Retrocochlear Dysfunction
DPOAEs in Older Adults
Hearing Conservation Programs
Prognostic Value of OAEs
Perspectives
OEAs and Hearing Conservation Programs
Conclusion

From the Paper
"It has been proposed that OAEs are located in the peripheral portion of the eighth cranial nerve. These emissions appear to perform an instant modulation of frequency in the basilar membrane. Experts have established that directional hearing and noise reduction depend on inter-aural difference. They have, therefore, found it difficult to believe that a process could be working against these factors. Sound used to elicit an emission is transmitted through the outer ear. There, the auditory stimulus is changed from an acoustic to a mechanical signal at the tympanic membrane."

Tags:audiology, investigation, screening, tones, prognostic