Abstract This paper explains that art is more than a physical piece of work; art can be defined as what it means to an audience, who appreciates it. The paper uses Michelangelo's "David", DaVinci's "Last Supper", Claude Monet's "Water Lilies" and Percy Shelley's poem "Love's Philosophy" as examples of art. The paper concludes that, in art, the artist releases the idea and the audience captures it.
From the Paper "The idea of creating something must come from somewhere and it is up to the artist to carry out that idea. From this perspective, art is important to the artist because it becomes a way of life and a way of dealing with life. However, the creation of art is only the beginning of things to come. Art is also important to the audience. While many people may think art is one-sided, they are not considering how it influences others. This is significant because without an audience, artists would have no one for whom to create."
Abstract This paper discusses Coleman's book and the African American audience response to various media treatment. The paper explores specific TV shows. It explores the themes of the 10 essays of the book. The author also mentions images of African American culture and their social context of meaning.
From the Paper ""Say it Loud! African American Audiences, Media and Identity," edited by Robin R. Means Coleman is an up to date published in examination of African American audiences and their response to how the various media, TV, movies, music, radio, comics, print, cyberspace ..."
Tags: Coleman, African-American, Media, Audiences, Essays, Images, TV
Abstract This paper analyzes the television series "Sex and the City" on several different levels. First the paper describes various methods of audience analysis. Then it examines moral issues of television, such as role models for youth. "Sex in the City" is further described as appealing to the young, beautiful, and fabulous crowd that ranges in age from the early twenties to the mid-thirties, thus expressing the ideals of society's dominant culture. The author illustrates how the show can be analyzed from the coded and encoded messages it contains. The author concludes that the series had a long life due to its ability to tackle relevant social issues and to create conflict and controversy.
From the Paper " Stuart hall was a major research figure at the Birmingham School. He felt that the mass media was an important element of capitalist culture, because it allowed a structure for organization of society's experience (Tomlinson, 1991). Hall viewed media messages as open to having multiple meanings and interpretations by the audience. The message received by the audience, "is influenced by the context and culture of the receivers" (McQuail, 2000, p. 56). The encoding/decoding model views the audience as an active participant in the message, rather than a passive recipient of knowledge. "
Tags: Sex, and, the, City, television, audience, HBO
Abstract This paper analyses the presentation of oral reports in respect to Robert Harris' article: ?Ideas for Enhancing Oral Reports". Harris offers general advice that is applicable to all individuals who might be faced with giving an oral report. The paper details tips for ways to make oral reports a success. The author concludes that oral presentations can contribute to the education of both the giver and the speaker if both members of the "dialogue" between audience and the giver of the presentation are attentive and make use of media beyond that of the simple spoken word.
From the Paper "One of the most dreaded tasks a teacher can assign for some students is to give an oral report. The idea of getting up in front of people and speaking to them paralyzes them with fear. This can be true even if they are relatively extroverted and relaxed people in more informal social situations. To watch a person give a bad oral report can be almost painful as giving one. If one is in the audience, one is tempted to look away, to stare at one's desk, rather than listening to information that is rambling, incoherent, and poorly presented. How does someone avoid giving such a poor report? In his article, ?Ideas for Enhancing Oral Reports,? located at the Virtual Salt Website on the World Wide Web, Robert Harris offers advice for those faced with such a task."
Abstract This paper explains how Renaissance writers William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, John Donne and Ben Jonson illustrated the emerging traditions of a new form of writing with traditional notions of courtly love. The paper shows us how Shakespeare depicts Juliet and Rosalind as two assertive women that act in their own interests, while Christopher Marlowe's writing presents us with more traditional aspects of courtly love and Jon Donne and Ben Johnson's writings presented different ideas about women in love altogether, causing us to think differently about the idea of women in love.
From the Paper "The Renaissance was an interesting time in literature because many of the writers of this time were experimenting with new techniques based upon medieval ideas. While writers of the Renaissance were concerned with conventional notions, they were also heavily influenced by Humanism. M. H. Abrams notes that "Renaissance writers were in their own way profoundly original, but they did not think of originality as involving opposition to or revolt against literary traditions or artistic conventions" (Abrams 424). Abrams notes that writers were challenged "something fresh and new" from medieval traditions. Medieval ideas concerning love often viewed love as something spiritual rather than physical. Renaissance writers took a more humanistic approach to love. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, John Donne, and Ben Jonson are writers that incorporate new ideas with the traditional notion of courtly love."
Abstract This paper reviews various issues relating to the business executive that is successful in today's hi-tech world, and discusses various works of literature pertaining to each issue. According to the paper, the need to gather information and create new ideas has become a vital aspect in the modern business global environment.
Outline:
The Responsibly of Executives and Business Leaders
Resources
The Value and Vulnerabilities of Business Conferencing
From the Paper "A number or studies stress the importance of creating a learning environment within the company or organization. "Creating a powerful learning environment means designing learning experiences that teach skills central to business issues, and make people central to an organization's success. " (Achieving Business results through training ) Often the manager or leader takes on the role of the couch or advisor in this learning environment. "Managers who take on the role of coach and leader can ensure that new skills flourish and continue to address relevant business issues. (Achieving Business results through training)
There are many practical resources that the can use to promote new ideas and innovations within the company. "
Abstract Writing is a means of communicating in which communication refers to the process of creating shared understanding. For the person communicating, there is a need to consider who will be receiving the message and to ensure that this message can be both received and understood. The paper shows, therefore, that the writer needs to consider the audience. It explains that the writer must consider several aspects, including choosing appropriate language, achieving clarity, and getting the audience's attention. In addition, the paper shows that writing forms and writing rules also take into account the needs of the writer. Finally, the paper shows that the writer can consider audience at any of the stages of writing and describes the process of determining the audience.
From the Paper "Form also meets the needs of the audience in the formal structure of the essay. The essay represents a form where information is provided in logical order, with this helping the audience achieve clarity. The introduction works by providing a general overview of the topic. This identifies the subject for the reader so that they are eased into the subject. The introduction then usually offers a brief description of what will be covered in the essay. This gives the reader an idea of where they are going, which helps with achieving understanding. The body of the essay is then structured with each major idea or argument occurring in a separate paragraph. This helps with clarity as it separates ideas so they can be fully understood. The conclusion then summarizes what has been argued and restates the introduction. The end result is a logical structure that leads the reader through the essay. This is another example of how form and structure have been created with audience in mind. By following these forms, writers then meet the needs of the audience."
Abstract This paper provides a brief overview of some audience ratings systems and the integral part an audience plays in the creative process for entertainers and the marketing techniques of advertisers.
Introduction
Overview of Audience Ratings Systems
Other Types of Audience Research
It Takes Two to Tango in the Theater
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "Advertisers and marketing specialists are constantly seeking the Holy Grail of Sales: what will compel the average consumer to purchase a particular product or service, or to watch a television show or attend a movie. The question of what motivates a consumer to buy challenges the imagination and ingenuity of every type of industry which has an audience and presses research specialists forward into new fields of investigation. "Motivational research, for example, attempts to probe the unconscious impulses that motivate buying decisions; advertising agencies then utilize these findings to influence the consumer and to attempt to break down sales resistance.""
Abstract This paper briefly shows how the audience is part of the social problem that perpetuates the murders in "The Lodger". "The Lodger" is a silent movie by Hitchock, and the paper explains how the audience was included in the film, both explicitly and subtly, in specific characters and scenes. It explains that the presence of the movie audience itself and the popularity of the film attest to a societal interest in murder.
From the Paper "The Lodger was Hitchcock's first suspense thriller and his first great commercial success (Wood 27). This correlation is perhaps no coincidence. Hitchcock's treatment of the movie audience on screen suggests he understood their interests in murder. The novel, by Marie Belloc Lowndes, from which the screenplay was based, was a treatment of the true, popular case of the notorious English murderer, Jack the Ripper (Spoto 84). What drew the popular appeal to the Jack the Ripper case draws the film's newspaper readers, radio listeners and bystanders in view of the electric news sign to stories about the Avenger. The audience's draw to The Lodger cannot be separated from what draws the crowds to the Avenger murders."
Abstract This paper discusses the media and society, including issues related to audience, representations and globalization in today's world. It specifically summarizes and discusses David Croteau and William Hoynes' book, "Media/ Society: Industries, Images and Audiences." The paper describes each of the five parts of the book and discusses their content.
Table of Contents:
Part I: Media/ Society
Part II: Media Industry and the Social World
Part III: Media Representations of the Social World
Part IV: Audience Part V: Globalization and the Future
From the Paper "Although 'the media' has always existed, in terms of word-of-mouth and folklore, the advent of print created something new: a mass media that could extend far beyond the borders of the places that produced it. This fundamentally changed the nature of human social relations. The media is both produced by human social relations and is changed by shifts in human social relations (16-18). For example, the modern American Civil Rights movement sought to end segregation. Negative media images of African-Americans had reinforced the values of racist society. However the images of nonviolent civil disobedience on the nation's television screens created a groundswell of political support to change the laws at the federal level, and thus changed all American society. A social movement was produced in part by the media changed society through the media (27)."
A paper discussing the recent developments in theater that increase audience's experiences of the truth, rather than confirming their notions of what they experience as lived reality.
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, 2002, $ 51.95
Abstract The following paper examines how theatre has changed since the times of Shakespeare, focusing on changes in the actual design of theatres, subjects of texts and particularly changes in dramatic character's language which has grown more heightened and more strange and removed from reality. This paper addresses issues of notions of linear time in plot structure, climatic plots and character composition with reference to several contemporary and classic plays, such as Margaret Edison's, "Wit", Terrence McNally's "Master Class" and Ibsen's "Peer Gynt". Characters in their psychology seem more fragmented and strange, less like the people we meet on the street because of their language, but also because authors are more willing to show characters in different points of their life, as in ?Master Class Better to give audiences a new perception of truth than to attempt to confirm audience's preexisting expectations of character, art, and life, says the modern theater and modern authors. Although the attempts to do so are often unpleasant and jarring, they are equally often haunting and moving.
From the Paper ?The plays ?Master Class,? ?Art,? and ?Wit,? similarly use of heightened language to challenge the expected notions of the audience and what reality is. "Master Class" does not have a clear beginning and an end in the sense that it jumps back and forth in time and place in the protagonist's Maria Callas? mind. The setting is ostensibly a master class taught by the singer, but the real drama is within the woman, not in external action. Callas is a real person, but the story does not evolve through real time. Instead, song drifts in and out of Callas? voice, but these songs do not feature vocals during the play. Instead it is the voice of Callas in the past that fills the room, from recordings, even though the character that begins the play can no longer handle the demands of an operatic soprano aria."
Abstract This is a literary essay that discusses William Shakespeare's "Hamlet" and how the character of Hamlet would have been perceived by an Elizabethan audience. The paper contends that, in the eyes of an Elizabethan audience, Hamlet is a failure, both as an avenger and as a human being.
From the Paper "In William Shakespeare's play Hamlet the central character, Prince Hamlet of Denmark and heir to the throne has a personality that is often considered flawed. He possesses several negative attributes that would have given the Elizabethan audience of the time good reason to find him failing as a human being and as an avenger. However, there is evidence throughout the text that suggests Hamlet is not a total failure as a human being and avenger. To draw a conclusion, one must explore Hamlet's character and analyze his actions throughout the course of the play."
Abstract The paper discusses how Brooks' white audience affected her writing. The paper also considers whether her work was more geared toward these white readers, or rather toward a black audience.
From the Paper "When Gwendolyn Brooks began publishing her poetry, her readers were in for a surprise. Appearing mostly in magazines aimed at upper and middle white audiences, Brooks' poems revealed the inner world of urban blacks, a realm previously unknown to white readers. Indeed much of the critical reaction to Brooks' poetry fixated on her race as a means of judgment; critics seemed to praise the work in spite of the fact that Brooks was an African American woman."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that the study of the mass media and notably television continues to involve a great deal of theory-building. The writer remarks that as Ien Ang points out, much that is theorized or assumed features a large cultural and conceptual gap between television audiences and observing scholars or others to analyze them. The writer maintains that one also needs to bear in mind the care that should be taken to examine particular phenomena, ensuring that one's assumptions are not wholly shaped by theory. The writer further reveals that Ulf Hannerz pointed out how the day of globalization has prompted approaches that are global and also local, in term of continuity and change. Perhaps at no time has it been so important to ensure that one does observe what one is discussing, in terms of local and particular phenomenon. The writer notes that this is played out in this paper's case study.
Outline:
Introduction
An Ethnography of Public TV Viewing
Reflections on TV Audience Freedom
'The Heavy Viewer'
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper "In a somewhat shabby area, Ciro's offers a kind of oasis in a well-run, almost upscale facility of reasonable prices. The premises have involved a tavern of some kind for many years catering to a working class area of much early 20th century row housing, most of it quite simple, streets of less costly detached housing and few amenities of kinds appealing to upscale consumers. It is a neighbourhood beset by visible petty crime but also an array of churches, mosques and temples, a low-cost area chosen by diverse new Canadians and others since the 1980s. The management of Ciro's welcome customers of every imaginable social class and background providing that patrons are agreeably behaved, distinct from the same areas large crack cocaine culture whose members are catered to by other drinking establishments. Ciro's was chosen for observation for its feature of both educated and uneducated patrons and for its eternal television screen, forever on, at all hours, usually showing news-feeds or other material of local interest. Large TV screens are situated behind the bar that takes up the establishment's east wall and suspended from the ceiling at the centre of the area used by customers who both stand or make use of tables. The culture of Ciro's is remarkably democratic apart from firm rules against customers who are rude, potentially dangerous, apt to conduct drug deals on site or who otherwise cannot participate in the friendly cooperative attitude that is shared by customers."
Tags: viewing, customers, bar, of, background, noise
Abstract This paper discusses three poems composed by three different poets, Wordsworth, Springsteen and Hughes. Through these works, the writer examines who the poet addresses. This paper illustrates how every poem has a dual audience for the thoughts expressed, with a primary entity being addressed in the poem itself, and with the reader a secondary entity addressed by the poem as a whole.
From the Paper "Poetry is a personal expression of thought and emotion, and the issue is raised concerning to whom the poet addresses the poem. Every poem has a dual audience for the thoughts expressed, with a primary entity being addressed in the poem itself, and with the reader a secondary entity addressed by the poem as a whole. This may be more obvious in a dramatic poem like those written by Robert Browning, where the person addressed is clearly identified, but the poet always addresses someone even if this is simply implied."
