Abstract Teacher attrition rates have been a major concern for the last decade. Many experts believe that attrition rates can be lowered through induction programs for new teachers, while others believe that the problem lies with the nature of the school system and the low wages that teachers receive. Written in the form of a prospectus, this paper provides a description of the area of research involving the impact of induction programs on attrition rates. The paper shows that 50% of first year teachers quit the profession after the first year and that induction programs can make a significant difference in lowering the attrition rates of these teachers. The paper also reveals that many pre-service institutions offer inductions programs, but that many of the programs are weak, and in some communities, they do not exists at all. Finally, the paper argues that there is a particular need for induction programs among urban teachers and that these programs can reduce attrition rates in urban communities.
From the Paper "The most obvious reason why induction programs are necessary involves the fact that there is a massive teaching shortage in the nation's schools. Experts have argued over why the shortage exists for many years. Some have concluded that many students are not interested in becoming teachers while others have abandoned this notion and prefer to believe that the shortage is due to the lack of induction programs that exist. The fact of the matter is that much of the research supports the notions asserted by the latter."
Abstract In this paper, the author presents and analyzes a study in which the the attrition rates of new practical nurse recruits were examined. Through the research, the author hopes to identify the failings or shortcomings of practical nurse training. The study's goal is to ultimately reduce the attrition rates by identifying the factors allowing individuals to fail the Practical Nurse Program. Using the data, the practical nurse training program would be improved, thereby reducing the attrition rate.
Outline:
Chapter 1 - Definition of the Problem
Problem Statement
Research Objective
Hypothesis
Chapter 2 - Literature Review
Introduction
Major Research
Chapter 3
Methodology
Data Collection
Data Analysis and Synthesis
Bibliography
From the Paper "The methodology of this research is one that is qualitative in nature. The research is one that will use the qualitative method in testing with cases and open problems as to the effectiveness of the training provided to the practical nurse group through case and open problems through direct observations of that which has been taught in which observation is through the structured method specifically work-based assessment. Work-based research is highly effective when clear learning outcomes are in place."
Abstract In this article, the writer discusses that concerns over the ability of mental health graduates to make a successful transition into the workforce have sparked a number of evaluations to try to determine what factors are responsible for attrition rates in the mental health field. The writer claims that there is a growing concern that if current trends continue there will not be a sufficient number of mental health workers to meet the needs of future generations. This essay explores available literature on the subject in this field of growing concern. This paper also explores several model programs to evaluate the success of programs by students once they enter the clinical setting. The writer also researches why new clinical psychologists leave the profession soon after they start. Further, the writer discusses the topic of stress and looks at how it affects the ability to retain students in psychology and other related professional fields.
Outline:
Literature Review: Mental Health Graduate Year
Model Evaluation Programs
Stress and Job Prospects
Factors in Enrollment
Works Cited
From the Paper "Results from the Utah state university program indicate that in general, students are satisfied with their job roles. However, there was some dissatisfaction expressed as a result of salaries obtained by graduates. Other concerns were frustration over the amount of paperwork required by managed care systems and frustration over a lack of training in the business aspects of professional practice. None of the evaluations indicated a lack of knowledge as far as the program was concerned. Students had a high degree of success attaining state licenses. Utah State University began conducting the survey five years ago. This program represents one of the most extensive and proactive evaluation systems found among universities.
Rackham Graduate School began a program as recently as October of 2006 to help retain graduate students and to help them achieve greater success after they graduate. This program focuses on reducing stress in teaching students through management skills designed to deal with the pressures of graduate school."
Abstract The paper discusses how Californian public school administrators are facing a significant problem from teacher shortages due to both attrition and retention problems. The paper describes the crisis, reviews the available research and surveys and illustrates the many possible solutions. The paper highlights that teacher attrition and retention will continue to be a complex and problematic issue for the next decade. The paper concludes that by addressing the needs and desires of current and incoming teachers, attrition will lessen and teaching will become an attractive profession for future generations.
Contents:
Abstract
The Human Resources Dilemma Confronting Public School Administrations
Introduction
Literature Review
Background
Addressing Attrition from the Profession
Addressing Teacher Migration from California
Current Attitudes Concerning Solutions to the Teacher Shortage
Methodology
Discussion & Recommendations
Conclusions
Final Recommendations
From the Paper "In the absence of trained teachers, interns, emergency certified teachers, and otherwise under-prepared individuals are teaching in California schools. This piecemeal solution is causing gaps in the education because under-prepared teachers are more prevalent in at-risk schools. Quick and effective methods of attracting qualified teachers and retaining them in California is necessary to avoid serious long-term problems in education. Addressing areas of dissatisfaction among current teachers is also crucial to maintaining the current workforce."
Abstract This paper explains that special education has traditionally has a high level of attrition. The author points out that there is a sharp disparity in the resources, which go into training a special education educator and the rate at which they leave their teaching positions. This paper examines many of the main themes that are found in the study of attrition and special education; however, no solutions to these issues are given.
From the Paper "Special education has traditionally has a high level of attrition (Sorrells et al, 2003). There is a sharp disparity in the resources which go into training a special education educator and the rate at which they leave their teaching positions. To be effective in special education, the educator engages in additional training, including state and federal accreditation, and tends to do so at a higher level of investment of personal time and resources. However, the high levels of engagement that it takes to acquire and maintain a profession as a special education teacher does not explain why those within special education tend to leave their positions within the first ten years of teaching. Some school districts tend to see special education teachers leave their positions after only two to three years of teaching."
Abstract The paper discusses the attrition and retention of languages. In the paper, attrition refers to a gradual or marked loss of the understanding ,or the ability to converse and communicate, in a language. The paper examines language retention, which is the way that language is acquired and maintained. The paper further examines the way that this retention is affected by various linguistic, socio-linguistic and psychological factors.
From the Paper "Another theory that is encountered in the literature on second language learning is the Frequency of Use theory. The theory refers to the view that things learn best are most often retained. A study by de Bot, Gommans, and Rossing (1991) of Dutch learners in a French environment found that language attrition was related to the amount of contact that the Dutch learners had with other people who spoke their language in the French environment. "They discovered that the length of time away from the Netherlands would not cause attrition for this generation of immigrants if they had many regular first language contacts."
Abstract This paper is an examination of how Microsoft has continued to be so successful in the business world and how it has adapted to changes in the market over the past decade. The paper looks at the different components that have contributed to this success which includes an analysis of its leadership and vision, the maintenance of a competitive advantage and their successful recruitment and selection process. It then examines employee motivation, satisfaction and loyalty, training and development, and how the company successfully overcame a high attrition rate in its earlier years. The paper then goes on to detail some of the ways that Microsoft was able to retain its high standards through employee rewards and the successful recruitment for management positions. The author argues that Microsoft has kept its edge by constantly monitoring its practices and being flexible in adapting positive changes in its structure whenever necessary.
From the Paper "The recruitment strategies in the beginning included sourcing people from the elite educational facilities such as Harvard, Yale, MIT, Carnegie-Melon and Stanford. Microsoft recruiters would visit these universities "in search of the most brilliant, driven students" (Bartlett 2). Experience was not required and it was in fact, preferred that new employees had no experience.
"Once selected, these students had to undergo a thorough selection process. The first stage was an interview designed not to test knowledge, but to test "thought processes, problem-solving abilities, and work habits" (Bartlett 2). Technical interviews are described as being focused mainly on problem-solving, with interviewers posing problem scenarios."
Abstract One of the greatest challenges of education is simply keeping the supply of new teachers coming, and keeping those people in their jobs. It is the purpose of this paper to examine the forces that are at play which can positively affect teacher retention by looking first at the roles of principals, the use of mentor teachers, and changing the practice of hiring fresh college graduates to hiring seasoned, but non-teaching, professionals to fill classrooms.
Abstract Reports that as many as 30 percent of all new teachers leave teaching within their first three to five years in the profession, an indication that something is very wrong. This paper states that, if the U.S. is to have a school system it can be proud of, employing teachers who enjoy preparing students to live in the global economy, but not losing sight of the philosophical bases of teaching and life, a solution must be found. Some suggest the solution is mentoring. Several states, including Texas, have included mentoring programs in their efforts to deal with various forms of teacher stress and teacher preparedness. This paper looks at what the stresses on new teachers are perceived to be and which of those might lead to the high attrition rate. It also looks at the usefulness of mentoring, the two basic styles, formal and informal, as well as specific data regarding gender and cultural issues. Finally, it takes a look at the initiation and first few years of the Texas Beginning Educator Support System (TxBESS).
From the Paper "A definition of mentoring offered by Whitaker contains within it the challenge for mentors. That definition calls for ?A nurturing process in which a skilled or more experienced person, serving as a role model, teaches, sponsors, encourages, counsels, and befriends a less skilled or less experienced person for the purpose of promoting the latter's professional and/or personal development.? (2000) Brennan cited similar definitions from other sources. In short, it's a hard job. Therefore, she concluded, mentors must be made aware of the importance of the mentor role. She reports that several researchers have found that if mentors are given substantial information regarding mentoring and some general guidelines as to form and content of mentoring that is expected, mentoring will be more effective than otherwise. On the other hand, studies also showed that it was counterproductive to overly formalize and oversee the mentoring relationship. (Whitaker, 2000)"
Abstract The paper attempts to determine the predictors that reveal attrition rates among African-American college students or aspiring college students. The paper provides a literature review and devises a variance analysis of different groups to argue that attitudes which value or devalue a post-secondary education are tied to racial affiliation. The paper therefore shows how, ultimately, these predictors are chief explanatory factors for why students fail to apply to school or drop out long before they have achieved final success.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
The research/empirical literature
Methodology
Methodological limitations
From the Paper "The following paper will argue that African Americans fail to access (and to achieve success in) higher education because of underlying factors that can easily serve as reliable predictors of troubles to come. For instance, racial quotas or affirmative action policies in America have distracted attention away from school failures and from ecological problems (de-emphasis upon higher education, de-emphasis upon scholastic achievement) that keep African-Americans out of school or from finding the levels of achievement they deserve. Additionally, students will fail to attend university if they sense that the reward simply is not there in the end or if they feel that they will be the victims of racial stereotyping (in short, it may be extrapolated from the literature that academic persistence is directly impacted by what people believe they will experience when attending an institution). Lastly, one other key predictor is the extent to which parents value higher education and the educational attainment they themselves possess."
Abstract Reviews literature on strategies for recruiting and retaining good teachers. Need to reduce treacher attrition and meet the growing demand for more qualified teachers. Causes of teacher attrition; financial and educational costs. Problem of unqualified teachers. Discusses existing programs to retain teachers and their effectiveness. Teacher mentoring relationships and mentor programs.
From the Paper "TEACHER RECRUITMENT AND RETENTION: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Introduction
In the next ten years, it is expected that American schools will be short almost 2.5 million teachers (NEA,2001), a statistic that highlights the importance of programs aimed at teacher recruitment and teacher retention. A good deal of the shortfall in American teachers is said to be due to teachers leaving the profession at alarming rates; for example, the National Education Association (2001) reports that about 20 percent of all newly hired teachers leave the profession within three years and about six percent of teachers overall leave the profession yearly.
In terms of the causes of teacher attrition, Ingersoll (1998) states that the single greatest causative factor is ..."
Abstract This paper discusses the characteristics of mature students and the possible barriers that might prevent the participation of mature students in educational programs. The paper then looks at how these barriers and characteristics may affect attrition and persistence.
From the Paper "For the first time, demographics of American society are such that adults outnumber those under 18, and those adults are older. In 1987, for the first time, Americans over 65 outnumbered those under 25 (Speak and Mocker, 1989). Partly due to age progression and partly due to socio-cultural or environmental influences, individuals over the course of their life span are repeatedly confronted by a series of challenges to their current identity or developmental status that require some form of response (Rogers, 1989). Depending on the interest, motivation and orientation toward achievement of the particular individual, he/he may choose either to advance their personal development or decline to do so and remain with the status quo."
Abstract This paper discusses the Great War brought on and the new weapons and instruments of destruction that prevailed. It also states the reasons why there were so many stalemates on the battlefield which led to a war of attrition and mass casualties. It also looks at the targeting of a whole nation's means and resources towards fighting a total war. This paper concludes that the war was so destructive because of the advancement in industry and weaponry, such as artillery, machine guns and chemical warfare.
From the Paper "In this paper I plan to put forward the following points to show how the Great War was so destructive. I will look at the new weapons and instruments of destruction that prevailed during the war. The reasons why there were so many stalemates? on the battlefield, which led to a war of attrition and mass casualties. I will also look at the targeting of a whole nations means and resources towards fighting a total war."
Tags: World, War, I, Great, nations, destruction, 1915, weapons, casualties
Abstract The writer compares the Israeli economy with the macroeconomic model pertaining to the circular flow of money through the economy, observing that the contraction occurring among the main economic actors (households and business sector) is not being reflected in the conduct of the Israeli government. The paper argues that the government is forced to maintain its level of military expenditure to counter the increasing level of violence the war is generating. With Israel's contribution to the international export markets evaporating combined with decreasing business sentiment and consumer confidence, not to mention increasing dependence on the U.S. for foreign aid, the future of Israel's economic health does not bode well. The paper also argues that Israel needs to establish true peace before it can hope to overcome its economic recession.
From the Paper "Israel is an economy that has previously defied economic forecasts. Up until recently, its economy did not comply with the normal prerequisites for success. However, with the escalating presence of its war of attrition with Palestine, the factors that were once driving its economic growth and defying its detractors, is now slowly being eroded by its increasing commitment to fighting Palestine. This paper endeavors to explore the factors that once drove Israel's economic growth and the aspects of the Israel-Palestinian war that are now hampering Israel's economic health. By comparing the case of Israel to standard macroeconomic models, one can observe the unique case posed by Israel's economy."
Abstract This paper discusses how distance education is one of the most dynamic and fastest-growing segments of college and graduate level education and how many educational institutions are expanding their programs to include distance based learning via the Internet. It examines the issues concerning the ability of traditional adult learners to adapt to the on-line learning environment to successfully complete an on-line learning degree program. It looks at how the purpose of a pre-course program for students would be to teach less technologically savvy students how to operate in an Internet based environment as effectively as possible. It also analyzes how failure to adequately support the distance-based learner can lead to a low-quality educational experience as well as attrition in online learning programs.
From the Paper "Colleges and universities are also expected to develop competent leaders and productive citizens that add to the value of society. According to Inayatullah, this is an egotistical belief that reflects in two ways on higher education's role in modern day society. The first is negative, where university training is seen as a restricted advantage of the wealthy and a way in which the powerful maintain control through exclusive knowledge acquisition and life-long "good old boy" networks. The second is a positive reflection; the university is a stepping stone?a supreme test of human quality and intellect where only the best and the brightest can attain a diploma. Today, educational elitism is a serious problem for many distance and non-traditional students."
Tags: degree, learning, environment, college, university, internet
