Abstract
It has become problematic to discuss differences between race groups, due to sensitivity to the possibility of being deemed racist. This is particularly true when it comes to the sensitive area of educational attainment. This paper argues that simply commenting on differences does not necessarily mean that one is racist, nor that one is implying that any differences are necessarily caused by biology. It is possible to comment on observed differences, just as one can empirically observe and comment on any phenomena. This paper argues that empirical observations show us that there are clearly differences in educational attainment among racial groups.

Tags:race, educational, attainment

Abstract
This paper asserts that family size and educational attainment are linked to an extent that might surprise some people - although the evidence, while strong, is not so unequivocal as to be accepted uncritically. In any case, the paper takes a look at some sociological theories which appear to explicate the relationship between family size and educational attainment; the paper will also look at the evidence supporting this conclusion as well as some scholarly findings that argue against its uncritical acceptance. In the end, while there does seem to be a correlation between family size and educational attainment, other factors clearly come into play.

From the Paper
"The following paper will argue that family size and educational attainment are linked to an extent that might surprise some people - although the evidence, while strong, is not so unequivocal as to be accepted uncritically. In any case, the next several pages will look at some sociological theories which appear to explicate the relationship between family size and educational attainment; the paper will also look at the evidence supporting this conclusion as well as some scholarly findings that argue against its uncritical acceptance. In the end, while there does seem to be a correlation between family size and educational attainment ..."

Tags:theory, sociological, evidence, birth, order

Abstract
The paper looks at studies that demonstrate how family size has an adverse effect upon the educational attainment of children. The paper then discusses a study that showed that Muslim nuclear families blessed with strong extended family ties can be large ones without their size negatively impacting the educational attainment of young people. The paper concludes that while there does seem to be a correlation between family size and educational attainment, other factors clearly come into play.

From the Paper
"To begin with, it must be noted that the correlation between family size and educational attainment is a phenomenon that can be explained by some (but not all) sociological theories. Structuralism, for one, is a sociological theory (as most students of sociology well know) that holds that people are shaped by the larger society of which they are part. In short, the values, the institutions, and the culture of a society shape the roles and actions individuals will play in life (incidentally, for an interesting comparison of structuralism to individualism within sociological theory, please see Gannon & Freidheim, 877-882)."

Tags:structuralism, resources, nourishment, affluence

Abstract
The paper looks at various studies on poverty and educational attainment gaps and on the major causes behind poverty and welfare dependency. The paper examines the significant role of the community and church in mitigating the negative effects of family poverty and discusses how members of the community, church and local health care providers can work to reduce teen pregnancies and children born out-of-wedlock and can ensure that children receive the medical treatment needed to reduce diseases and conditions that affect their cognitive function. The writer of this paper suggests that the church, community and local health care providers should seek grant funding to support these efforts.

Outline:
Introduction
Previous Studies on Poverty and Educational Attainment Gaps
Factors Identified as Causative
The Church and Community
Canada Reports Unique Opportunity of Pediatricians and Family Doctors
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"The work of Danziger and Haveman entitled: "Understanding Poverty" states that childbearing by teens, children born out-of-wedlock and single parents are known to be "major causes of poverty and welfare dependency for women and their children." (2002, p142) However, there are other claims that it is not the deviant family structures but lack of resources that result in educational disadvantages of children from poverty level homes. According to Danziger and Haveman if it is not childhood poverty but instead disadvantages of parents that are "associated with or cause parental poverty and lead to negative associations between childhood poverty and childhood outcomes, then the policy solution is less obvious..." and a need exists to make identification of precisely what disadvantages of parents are causative in educational disadvantages to the children of poverty. Findings in this are show the following: (1) poor children average 1.4 fewer years of schooling than do nonpoor children, and they are three times as likely to have dropped out of high school; (2) poor girls are more than twice as likely to have had a teen birth and they are 2.6 times more likely to have had an out-of-wedlock birth than are nonpoor girls; and (3) poor boys work fewer hours per year, have lower hourly wages, have lower annual earnings and spend more weeks idle in their midtwenties than do nonpoor boys. (2002, p.159)"

Tags:teen, pregnancies, welfare, dependency, resources, funds

Abstract
This paper presents an in-depth exploration of Imogene King's theory of Goal Attainment, which is based on the idea that human beings are open systems who interact with the environment.According to the paper, people's perceptions of objects, persons, and events influence behavior and their personal, interpersonal, and social systems interact because relationships exist between the three systems. These systems are described, and described how they apply in a clinical setting.

From the Paper
"Imogene King's theory of Goal Attainment is based on the idea that human beings are open systems who interact with the environment.A'A People's perceptions of objects, persons, and events influence behavior and their personal, interpersonal, and social systems interact because relationships exist between the three systems. The interpersonal system is crucial since two individuals in the health care system come together, one to help and the other to be helped in maintaining health. Interactions between nurse and patient lead to transactions which result in goal attainment. As a result of mutual goal setting and goal attainment, transactions lead to..."

Tags:patient, goals, outcomes

Abstract
This paper identifies three major factors shaping the aspirations of the Hallway Hangers and Brothers. The author points out three major factors affecting their occupational outcomes.

From the Paper
"This research examines the effect of educational attainment on fertility. Following this introduction, literature is reviewed and data are presented to illustrate what is known about this relationship. The gaps in the knowledge of the relationship between educational attainment and fertility are then identified. Lastly, the feasibility of conducting additional research to develop the information necessary information to close the knowledge gaps is discussed.

Current Knowledge of the Educational Attainment/Fertility Relationship
Conventional wisdom in both sociology and economics holds that the fertility rate declines as female educational attain ... "

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that postpartum depression is a serious and invasive social problem affecting millions of women and their families every year. The writer notes that it is clear from the research on the subject that postpartum depression is both a biological and an environmental problem that can be successfully treated, if the individual seeks such treatment. The consequences of untreated postnatal depression are broad, as it can affect not only the individual woman but her infant, any children she previously bore and her partner, where one is present as well as extended relations and other social support structure members. This work addresses the issue of postpartum depression and the maternal role attainment, to develop a now suspected link between social and personal stagnation and postpartum depression.

Outline:
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Review of Literature
Methodology
Sample
Sample Selection
Variable Identification
Data Collection/Data Analysis
Instrumentation
Protection of Subjects
Limitations of Research Design
Expected Results
Summary/Conclusion

From the Paper
"Research is conclusive of one fact, and that is that postpartum depression has long term effects, as individuals need but a few weeks to develop a habit, and many habits of child rearing, social inaction and role inaction or negative action can compound to result in long term social and personal stagnation relating to the interruption that this supposedly glorious developmental even creates. The difficulty regarding research is that most research regarding postpartum depression revolves around theses that are interested only in the infant well being, and not so much in the long term or even short term coping of the mother. In fact is often only in extreme high-risk population, such as rape victims, extremely young mothers, or known drug using mothers where the welfare of the mother is not considered the secondary factor to the disorder research. It is also clear form the existing literature that research is often compounded based on the idea that depression, in all its forms is environmental as well as biological and that it needs to be treated with multidimensional treatment plans. Yet, a true long term study regarding post partum depression and long term role attainment by mothers has not been done. It would therefore be prudent to develop a research base that responded to this gap as a way to understand the give and take of role attainment with regard to postpartum depression."

Tags:pregnancy, postnatal, disorder, treatment

Abstract
This research proposal discusses the care system in the United Kingdom and presents it as an example of foster parenting that has been found to be flawed. It describes the lack in its delivery of care services with respect to the children's educational needs and focuses particularly in the gap seen between children of black and white ethnicity. The paper discusses the reasons for this gap and for the flaws in the educational system for foster children as a whole.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Context
Rationale
Aim and Objectives
Literature Review
Black Children
Neglect and Abuse
Main Issues
Social Workers' Involvement
Data Analysis, Conclusion and Recommendations
Research Proposal & Methodology

From the Paper
"Concern about the poor educational experience and attainment of British children in care, either by local authorities, foster carers or traditional homes, has been increasing since the mid-1980s (Borland, 1998). The reason is that studies after studies show that while the care system succeeded in giving looked-after children access to other basic needs, many of these children miss out on education. Among these children, the dropout rate is abnormally high, only a few survive secondary education and fewer still progress to college. Moreover, those who manage to hang on to their schooling were generally found to be inferior in academic performance than children with normal family relationships, and there is a growing suspicion that the care system is failing them in this aspect."

Tags:carer, GCSE, Black

From the Paper
"Sociologists have for a long time been anxious to understand why some individual achieve success and others fail. As a sub-classification of questions surrounding social mobility, the specific issue of "status attainment" was first formulated by the pioneer work of Blau and Duncan (1967). They asserted that the best question to ask is not "How are people mobile?" but rather "How do people attain their statuses?" (Stark, 1996, p. 280). Their revised question enabled researchers to ascertain "how people acquire a status with or without being mobile" (Stark, 1996, p. 200). Since Blau and Duncan's landmark study and their presentation of an initial research model into this sociological field of inquiry, additional variables have been included to both broaden and intensify the field. One factor which appears to..."