Abstract
This paper analyzes and challenges the Christian approach to atonement, using Michael M. Winter's treatise "The Atonement" as the basis for the argument. First, the paper gives an overview of atonement and in particular the Christian aspects of this act. Then, it examines Winter's outlook and how it challenges traditional Christian dogma. According to the review, Winter successfully describes atonement and its relationships to the ideation of sacrifice and Christ's death. The paper concludes by stating that Winter creates an interesting thesis and supports it well. His book is well cited from the Old and New Testament as well as from other's perspective, and recommended for lay readers.

From the Paper
"In the first chapter, the author wishing to dispense off with the "Preliminaries" starts out by challenging the and most believed assertion, that the degree of suffering that Christ faced during his trial, crucifixion and death bore a direct correlation to the amount of suffering in the world. He does not believe that Christ should have suffered as much. This is controversial and perhaps, paradoxical. Winter supports this assertion as a way of redefining atonement. He uses examples from both the Old and New Testament delving often into the prophecies of Isaiah as well as the epistles of Paul to show that the writers in the bible were very precise in how they defined atonement. The word atonement and associated words such as grace, salvation and redemption had been bastardized to a point that it was akin to a pop-theology construct..."

Tags:transgressions, amends, Jesus Christ, St. Anselm

Abstract
This paper examines how the narrative in Ian McEwan's "Atonement" shows how a story reveals more about the implied author's intentions and beliefs rather than those of her characters. It looks at how Briony Tallis accepts literary criticisms, adopts perspectives of those negatively affected by her actions, and employs other literary techniques in narrating a credible story of how interpretations can have indelible effects on the lives of other people. It also discusses whether Briony's actually atones for her wrongdoing and how her narration is her way of coming to terms with an ordeal that is only based on the story told in "Atonement".

From the Paper
"The events that take place by the fountain form a pivotal turning point in Atonement; both internally as an aspect of Briony's seeming inability to atone, and externally as a driving force of the third-person narrative. According to Bennett and Royle, "narratives move from a state of equilibrium or stasis through a disturbance of this stability, and back to a state of equilibrium at the end" (55). Based on this view, the reader can perceive the fountain scene as a primary source of 'disturbance'. Innocence (the 'state of equilibrium') is not implicit; Briony stands before a window in a nursery and observes a sequence of action that takes place outside, by the fountain. She does not hear (and therefore, does not completely understand) the conversation between two adults."

Tags:Briony, Tallis

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the novel "Atonement" by Ian McEwan. Specifically it contains an archetypal criticism of the book, showing how the author weaves the archetypal motif of Cinderella throughout the story. "Atonement" is the story of a young girl who changes the fate of others by her accusations, and then attempts to atone for her actions throughout her life. Briony opens the novel as a 13-year-old aspiring writer, and ends it as a 77-year-old acclaimed novelist. The paper relates that what happens in between this time is a story of change and tragedy, all brought together by Briony's own fairy tale story telling.

From the Paper
"Robbie really does seem like a "Prince Charming" who can handle himself in any situation, and would make a good and loyal husband. That is confirmed when Robbie returns with the boys after a long night of searching, oblivious of the charges against him. McEwan shows his triumphant and innocent, when he writes, "Then it was obvious - this was Robbie, with one boy sitting up on his shoulders and the other holding his hand and trailing a little behind" (McEwan 171). That is alluded to again when Robbie "saves" Briony from drowning, and she tells him, "'I wanted you to save me'" (McEwan 217). Robbie is almost a larger-than-life figure, and in the novel, he represents everything good and decent, while Paul represents pure evil, but receives the rewards, anyway."

Tags:Cinderella, Briony, Robbie

Abstract
This paper takes a look at Ian McEwan's book "Atonement". According to the paper, "Atonement" is not a book to be judged according to mainstream ethical and moral standards. This paper shows us how the author believes in telling the story as he envisioned it and lets you decide what the moral outcome should have been.

From the Paper
"Broiny Tallis is the culprit in the story. She is an unusual protagonist for neither does she possess the sensibilities of an average heroine nor does she appear to be a victim. But having said that, what is really inspiring is that despite her obvious flaws, she is still anything but evil. We can say that a person with a wild imagination like hers is susceptible to making the mistake that she made, only in her case it went a little too far and ruined the lives of two people who were innocent. An aspiring writer, Broiny primary flaw was her overly fertile imagination. She felt that words could give you the power to create anything: "By means of inking symbols onto a page she was able to send thoughts and feelings from her mind to her reader's ... You saw the word castle, and it was there, seen from some distance, with woods in high summer spread before it, the air bluish and soft with smoke rising ...". (p. 37). The obsession of playing with words results in a catastrophic situation when she wrongly accuses Robbie of sexually harassing her cousin."

Tags:imagination, victim, moral

Abstract
This paper presents a brief look into the doctrine of the "Infinite Atonement of Christ". The paper is written from the perspective of the prophet, Joseph Smith.

From the Paper
"Among the precious doctrinal contributions from 2nd Nephi of the Book of Mormon, Jacob, the younger brother of Nephi, glorifies the Atonement of Jesus Christ within Heavenly Father's plan of salvation. Emphasizing the infinite nature of the Atonement, Jacob reads from the writings of the ancient prophet Isaiah and teaches his brethren concerning the covenants that the Lord has prepared for all the house of Israel. Through His goodness and grace, God prepared a way for all mankind to escape the awful grasp of the devil, by sacrificing His only begotten son. Clearly, there is no other way. Joseph Smith the Prophet taught that "man was not able himself to erect a system, or plan with power sufficient to free him from a destruction which awaited him" (TPJS, 58). What produces the infinite power of the atonement? How did Christ gain the right, the ability to have such an infinite effect over all of us and our sins?"

Tags:adam, christ, fall, gratitude, jesus, mormon, eternal, god, ransom, death, suffering, sins

Abstract
This paper explains how the theme of betrayal is played out through the character of Edmund and the way he betrays his friends at a key juncture in the novel. The theme is developed by Lewis in terms of his conception of Christianity so that the act of betrayal requires an act of atonement, often by someone other than the offender, as is the case in this novel.

From the Paper
"The story tells of four children, Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy, who find themselves in a different world after passing through a doorway found in a wardrobe. The world they escape is the world of World War II, while the world in which they then find themselves is a fantasy world where animals speak. The transition is abrupt, and for Edmund the transition creates an opportunity to serve himself while betraying the others. Edmund does not fully comprehend the enormity of what he does before doing it, and it is evident that he is seduced into his betrayal by the creature comforts he is given by the Queen of Narnia. When she offers him something to eat, he asks for Turkish Delight. the food she gives him satisfies him but is more than simple Turkish Delight, and she asks if he wants more..."

Tags:edmund, queen, peter, susan, lucy

Abstract
The following discussion presents a comparative analysis of Old Testament teachings concerning the Day of Atonement and Christ's fulfillment of this tradition in the New Testament. Discussion is primarily based on the book of Leviticus chapters 16 and 17 and Hebrews chapters 9 and 10. Specifically, the current study addresses questions concerning the following: 1) when the feast occurred in the Hebrew calendar and in what month of our calendar it is observed today, 2) What sacrifices were offered, 3) Who the priest was, what he did, and where he performed these actions, and 4) how this relates to Christ and His work (similarities and differences). In addition, findings are briefly related to statements found in Hebrews 10:1-4 and 10:10-14. Discussion also includes commentary concerning how findings of the current study might help in witnessing to a Jewish friend.

From the Paper
THE DAY OF ATONEMENT: CHRIST'S FULFILLMENT OF THIS JEWISH TRADITION IN THE NEW TESTAMENT INTRODUCTION The following discussion presents a comparative analysis of Old Testament teachings concerning the Day of Atonement and Christ's fulfillment of this tradition in the New Testament. Discussion is primarily based on the book of Leviticus chapters 16 and 17 and Hebrews chapters 9 and 10. Specifically, the current study addresses questions concerning the following: 1) when the feast occurred in the Hebrew calendar and in what month of our calendar it is observed today, 2) What sacrifices were

Tags:day of atonement, yom kippur, hebrews

Abstract
The writer of this paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the books "Atonement" by Ian McEwan and "The Things They Carried" by Tim O'Brien. The writer discusses how each author uses fiction to deal with reality. The paper's author says that reality is the backbone of both of these very different war novels, but contends that they both utilize reality in very different ways. Briony, the central character in "Atonement", retreats from the reality of what she thinks she has seen and creates an alternate fictional reality that blends her Cinderella dreams with reality. O'Brien, in his collection of short stories based on his own experiences in Vietnam, reshapes reality with fiction because Vietnam was a horrible experience that cannot be forgotten, and the only way to survive such a horrible experience is to blend reality with fiction so the result is easier to accept.

From the Paper
"From an early age, Briony has showed an interest in writing, and even at 13, she understands many of the elements of fiction, which also help her replace reality with fiction in the very real story of Robbie and Cecelia. McEwan writes, "A crisis in a heroine's life could be made to coincide with hailstones, gales and thunder, whereas nuptials were generally blessed with good light and soft breezes" (McEwan 7). Thus, there has always seemed to be an element of unreality in Briony's life, so it would be natural for her to blend reality with fiction to create the most important story of her life. A literary critic writes, "McEwan debates fiction and fact in this historical panorama covering six decades of the twentieth century. Beginning in prewar Britain and concluding with the millennium, Atonement is a study of before and after, cause and effect, crime and punishment" (Stovel 114). Indeed, it is a novel of atonement, and so, it may have more in common with O'Brien's novel than might appear at first glance."

Tags:vietnam, war, death, killing, critic, literary, reality, fiction, remedy, blend, texture, depth, hell, nasty, despair, guilt

Abstract
This paper discusses mythology, particularly the major areas of mythology that have influenced the development of the collective mythological heritage - the concepts of Atonism, Zarathustrism and Judaism. The paper describes examples from these areas of mythology to understand their role in explaining or interpreting natural events as they pertain to nature, the universe and humanity in general.

From the Paper
"Historically, many scholars view this hymn as one of the earliest known examples of monotheistic mythology. In fact, the Pharaoh's thoughts were eventually found heretical by his own people and were quickly reverted to the more traditional polytheism of Egyptian mythology. However, this fact of both monotheism and atonement found in this hymn serve as an example of how mythology is passed on, as many scholoars argue that this hymn is an indication that Egyptians were the original source of Judaism and thus, the Judeo-Christian tradition."

Tags:tradition, development, belief

From the Paper
"This paper is a study of the consequences of romanticism in Western music. Much of the work of 19th century composers was influenced by a sweeping desire to express emotion through music, explore varied forms and lengths of composition, and link music to the other arts, especially literature. The romantic movement encouraged composers to find their individual voices, both in the work they wrote and in the way they supported their art. It released music from the formality of classicism and laid the groundwork for many elements that are now established in modern music, from the variable size of the orchestra to the appreciation of the conductor's importance to performance and interpretation. As the century ended, however, composers began to believe that the romantics had fully explored the limits of major-minor tonality. In moving beyond what they saw then as..."