Abstract
This paper provides a scholarly review of the relevant literature to identify those factors that contribute to the incidence of injuries among adolescent athletes, as well as what steps can be taken to mediate them.

Outline
Psychological Factors Influencing Injury
Impact of Economic Status of the Community
Impact of Economic Status of the Athlete?s Family
Factors That Influence Rehabilitation of the Adolescent Athlete

From the Paper
"Participation in high school sports has grown steadily over the past 30 years and continues to rise today. According to Dr. N. L. Weaver and his colleagues at St. Louis University's Health Communication Research Laboratory, during the 1998-1999 school year over 360,000 collegiate athletes and almost 6.5 million high school athletes participated in sports. These authors report that this expansion has been accompanied by an increased awareness of the injury problem associated with participation in adolescent sports. In fact, estimates are that one-third of high school athletes will sustain some type of an injury during a sports season serious enough to result in time lost from participation."

Tags:athletic, civil, discrimination, events, gender, high, programs, rights, school, sporting, title

Abstract
This paper discusses the diabetic athlete. It looks at the possibilities and limitations of this diagnosis, with special emphasis on the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetics in regard to exercises. The paper notes the complications of diabetes and how these affect athletic ability and performance. The paper also discusses in details what trainers and athletes need to know about glucose control.

From the Paper
"It is important to know the difference between the two types of diabetes and how they affect the person because they make a difference to the management of diabetes in the athlete and what trainers must be on the look out for and how they must evaluate athlete..."

Tags:diabetes, athletes, trainers, evaluation

Abstract
This paper contends that because sports or athletics is such a personal endeavor, many authors have used this topic as a foundation to write about other topics. At first reading this poem, it may appear that the sporting event is the primary theme. However, upon reviewing the literature, it is recognized that there are underlying ideas that are much more meaningful that relate to human emotions, thoughts or behavior. The paper presents and discusses the poem "To an Athlete Dying Young," by A.E. Housman claiming that it offers a prime example of this. The paper explains the although a primary read through of the piece makes it appear as a simple poem on a runner's life and death, on further perusal it is clearly recognized that Housman uses his literary form to pose the lifelong question: Is it better to have lived a short and noteworthy life than one that is longer and status quo?

From the Paper
"At first reading, the poem, told from the point of view of a friend who is one of the pallbearers, is primarily about a young runner who dies in his prime. As anyone who has gone through high school knows, the sports star or letterman is one of the biggest men (women do not usually get this same notoriety) on campus. If someone has led the school to victory in a major sport such as football, track or basketball, he will be well known throughout the community, talked about by all the sports fans and adored by many of the co-eds. He is, as noted in the poem, "carried of the shoulders of his friends after a winning race" and cheered and saluted. In many cases, the athlete's grades and other extracurricular activities do not have to be that great. He has already proven himself in this other arena."

Tags:sports, hero, life

Abstract
This paper contends that Housman seems to be presenting a very simple, and maybe even simplistic view, of the merits of dying in one's prime. The author points out that Housman ends his exultation on the sorrows of prowess forgotten with the reassurance that this athlete will be greeted by crowds of the "strengthless dead", who will appreciate his athletic ability in the afterlife. The paper relates that many legends, myths, and even religious texts are based on the strange parallels between victory and death and on the child that dies young and, therefore, never grows up.

From the Paper
"This stanza is worth pausing on for a moment because of its important metaphorical content. One notices that at first read it could be taken as almost a repeat of the previous stanza. The boy is brought home on cheering shoulders in stanza one, and then again he is brought home "shoulder high" in stanza two. Only the title of the poem gives the reader pause. Then, reading on, it is certain that this second stanza refers not to a victory, but to a funeral procession."

Tags:victory, death, archtype, stanza, simplistic

Abstract
The paper explores the role that parents play in the use of steroids among student athletes.

From the Paper
"Steroid use among professional athletes is cause for discipline or suspension. Elite amateur athletes, such as those who compete in the Olympics, risk having their achievements nullified if they are found to have used steroids. There are health concerns about the long-term use of steroids and these concerns become even more worrisome as the age of the user decreases. When high school and college athletes take steroids even as their bodies are still developing, the long-term effects are..."

Tags:sports, steroids, student athletes

Abstract
The paper considers the allegation that universities engage in activities that may be exploitive to the student-athlete and shows how it is debatable. The paper explains that while colleges do use their sports departments as additional sources of revenue, the student-athletes are protected against exploitation by the rules of the NCAA. Furthermore, the paper discusses how the sports stars gain advantages that put them ahead of the game, making it unnecessary for the athletes to receive further preferential treatment.

From the Paper
"There is little that rivals the hyped fans and team sportsmanship of college athletics. The excitement and camaraderie that accompany the big game display a seemingly cohesive student body commonly committed to defending their school's title. But outside of the game, a different battle is fought over the issue of student-athlete exploitation, prompting a closer look into the true nature of college athletics. Across the nation, universities are making millions in profit from their sports departments. While the brand endorsements that lead to monetary gain may seem..."

Tags:sports, exploitation, fairness, student-athletes

Abstract
This paper examines and analyzes student and student-athlete grade-point averages, discusses issues related to high school and college athletics in America, and concludes that student participation in athletics is a positive thing.

Abstract
This paper is a research study to answer three questions to improve knowledge within the physiological and psychological fields of sport science. The first and second questions studied are the effect of anabolic steroids on an athlete's performance and aggression personality measure. The third research question aims to find out if older athletes (aged 35-45 years) experience higher anxiety than younger athletes.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Method
Results
Research Question One
Research Question Two
Research Question Three
Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"There is debate as to whether older people are really at lower risk for depressive disorders, or whether endorsement of symptoms is low. A study by Christensen et al, (1999) assessed the effects of age on anxiety and depression, and examined whether age had direct effects on self-report of individual symptoms independent of its effect on the underlying dimensions of anxiety and depression. Structural equation modelling was used to assess the structure of the items and their associations with age and a number of demographic variables. They sampled 2622 participants aged between 18 and 79 years. Results found that both scales were found to fit satisfactorily to a two factor model. Items with direct age effects reflected physical (feeling slowed down; waking early) and psychological (hopeless about the future) components of depression."

Tags:depression, sport, science, testerone

Abstract
This paper looks at whether there are other factors at play, in addition to training and practice, such as genetics that are important in determining an athlete's success.

From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to discuss the question of whether genetics or practice and training are more important for an elite athlete's success. This discussion is salient in an increasingly competitive environment as terms such as genetic predisposition, that have become commonplace in the sports medicine lexicon, open the mind to the possibility that individuals may not be products of their environment and their own will but that there are other forces that determine success and failure..."

Tags:genetics, sports, elite athetes, performance

From the Paper
"For years the problem of drug abuse, particularly the use of anabolic steroids, was hidden and/or denied at all levels of the sports world. To speak of it was almost taboo. Now, however, the problem has become too widespread, the results too obvious, the dangers too terrible. The purpose of this paper will be to discuss the use of anabolic steroids in sports; their success in building muscular power while also destroying the body and the mind. In addition, the criticisms aimed at the use of steroids as well as what the sports world is attempting to do to restrict their use will also be discussed.

Anabolic steroids are synthetic versions of the male hormone testosterone (6:88). Athletes have come to rely on the drugs to build up muscle, strength and endurance. In small doses, these drugs have legitimate medical uses such as for cases of soft- ... "