Abstract
The paper states that the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB ) Financial Accounting Standards Board report entitled "Selected Issues Relating to Assets and Liabilities with Uncertainties" was based on a joint 2004 project between FASB and IASB with the purpose of improving the organization's conceptual framework and concerns the ethical obligations of the accountant's reporting requirements. The paper notes that the areas the report seeks to improve focuses on establishing objectives for better financial reporting by creating qualitative characteristics to be used when conducting financial reporting. The paper comments that the main area of interest in the report is assets and liabilities, primarily the role of probability and uncertainty in defining, recognizing and measuring assets and liabilities. Thus the paper highlights that the goal of the report is to establish an objective framework to be used when reporting on the financial issue of probability and uncertainty and its role in measuring assets and liabilities.

From the Paper
"According to the current conceptual frameworks, uncertainty is acknowledged as part of the proper definitions of both assets and liabilities. However, neither of the organization's frameworks impose a necessary "threshold level of probability or expectation of cash inflows or outflows in order for an item to satisfy the definition of an asset or liability." Further, the current IASB framework does include a probability threshold criterion as part of its recognition criteria, whereas no such criteria exist in the current FASB conceptual framework."

Tags:probability, value, measurement, uncertainty, assets, conceptual, framework, liabilities

Abstract
This essay addresses two significant issues with respect to internally-generated assets. These include the consideration of the appropriateness of recognizing an internally-generated asset, and an opinion of the "true and fair view" character of general purpose financial assets. the requirements in New Zealand are used as a framework for this paper.

From the Paper
"Internally-generated assets develop in a variety of circumstances. Because of variation in the source of internally-generated assets, variations also exist in relation to the recognition and reporting of such assets in general purpose financial statement.s This essay addresses two issues with respect to internally-generated assets. These issues are as follows: Consideration of the appropriateness of recognizing an internally-generated asset such as a brand in a company's balance sheet and expressing an opinion of the true and fair view..."

Tags:New Zealand, assets, financial statements

Abstract
This paper explains that the balance sheet provides next to no use in reporting the increasingly significant intangible assets of business entities. The author points out that intangible assets, such as a highly-talented workforce who generate more revenue, represent the major value-drivers of today's economy. The paper relates that attempts to modify the traditional accounting approach have not kept pace with the changes brought bought by these intangibles. The author believes that the new rules penalize the companies, which have experienced a loss of value in their intangible assets through write-offs that immediately reduce earnings. The paper states that the best solution is to recognize intangible assets in the financial statement including the ones developed in-house; however, entities must report the future performance of their intangible assets or their earning potential before they are tested for possible impairment.

Table of Contents:
IAS 38: Intangible Assets
Accounting Rules Fell Short in Valuing Intangibles
Goodwill & Intangibles
Consequences of New Rules
Summary

From the Paper
"Most companies have avoided to report in a comprehensive way about their intangible assets as well as the total performance which includes any significant decrease in the value of the intangibles. These rights and the obligation to regularly valuate goodwill and intangible assets represent a major change in disclosure practice and will affect the behavior of both the managers and investors. When America Online and Time Warner merged, this merger quickly showed how goodwill accounting changes can affect shareholders' interest, and exposed the misjudgments of managers."

Tags:impairment, in-house, identifiability, workforce, structure

Abstract
This paper is a research on how America will be able to protect their ground-based assets from terrorist attacks, such as down-link radar sites, launch facilities including control rooms and fuel supplies. The author examines electronic-warfare, which is warfare is enabled through information technology and electronic communications on and off the battlefield, in space and on ground, and in real-time. The paper also includes literature reviews on the same topic and reports findings that more location specific initiatives are needed in addressing vulnerability assessments and solutions for security for these ground-based space assets of the United States military.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Literature Review
New Types of Training
Growing Reliance on Space: Dangerous Dependence
More Distributed and Redundant Satellite Systems
Smart Planning to Ensure Key Capabilities Remain in Place
Importance of Local Vulnerability Assessment
Terrorism in "Location Specific"
Summary of Literature Review
Bibliography

From the Paper
"The literature reviewed in this study has indicated that the most vulnerable targets in terms of United States space assets are space assets located right here on earth in the form of ground stations and control centers which are communication links to and from satellites and likely to be targeted in attacks from distant computers. Even the American armed forces have experienced difficult in finding the appropriate amount of bandwidth for use due to the many electronic systems presently in operation. While space is important, it is ever so much more important that location specific vulnerabilities be assessed and the limitations and shortcomings of vulnerability that exist be addressed and solutions established."

Tags:terrorism, electronic warfare

Abstract
This essay discusses the use of transportation assets within the context of their relationship to U.S. military logistics management. The paper emphasizes the importance of interagency cooperation and coordination to support military logistics objectives and optimize transportation resource use and costs.

From the Paper
"This essay reviews the use of transportation assets; land, sea and air within the context of their relationship to United States military logistics management. While cost issues are highly relevant to efficient military logistics, management issues relevant to the effectiveness of military logistics management are of even greater relevance. Transportation assets considered within the context of United States military logistics management may include such assets that are owned by the agencies of the United States federal government or are under the control of such agencies as well..."

Tags:transportation, military logistics, federal government, interagency cooperation

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the goal of a large number of criminal money laundering schemes is to generate a profit for the individual or group that carries out some type of generally criminal act or to simply legitimize the revenue streams. The writer explains that money laundering is generally known as the processing of these criminal revenues in order to disguise the illegal origin of the money itself.

From the Paper
"In order to ensure the protection and long-term access to John's funds, it will be necessary to launder the proceeds from his properties and his assets in some manner. This strategy will require several cutting edge money laundering techniques in order to result in his long-term objectives for his wealth upon his release from prison."

Tags:money, laundering, gold

Abstract
This paper discusses how humans are our greatest asset and how a constant challenge is to recognize that fact within an organization. It evaluates how to bring about the best practices methods of achieving the greatest contribution from the human assets. It examines the techniques by which the most can be taken from human assets and the ways in which people development can peak.

Outline
Introduction
Hiring
Effective Management of Human Resources
Hands-On vs. Laissez Faire Leadership
Human Asset Rotation
Human Resources Can Follow Best Practices by Disassociating From Human Resources
Workforce Stability
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Delegation, then, allows human capital recognition from 360 degrees. Recognition of course, stems from subordinates for allowing responsibility to flow downwards, and recognition will eventually flow from upper management for creating an autonomous and highly successful unit within a larger organization. There are many reasons managers do not like to delegate, and most of those stem from not having the correct people on the bus. Managers who do not delegate fear their own leadership roles eroding, perhaps because of the quality of the human capital working for them, but the "weak generals for whom they themselves work. In such a situation, the strong lieutenant can lose power or even his job if his unit becomes highly autonomous and leaders emerge from his unit."

Tags:hiring, delegation, organization, leadership

Abstract
The paper explains that the capital asset pricing model is a model for pricing capital assets, for example shares, where the risk premium is determined using the product of market price risk and a share's systematic risk level. The paper relates that the model is used most commonly in relation to corporate finance. The paper notes that there is a wide range of research on the model, much of which extrapolates on the model's role and application within this corporate finance scope. This paper examines these issues, and also asks the question that is of great significance to researchers and students alike: Is the model valid?

From the Paper
"The capital asset pricing model is a model for pricing capital assets, for example shares, where the risk premium is determined using the product of market price risk and a share's systematic risk level. The model is used most commonly in relation to corporate finance. There is a wide range of research on the model, much of which extrapolates on the model's role and application within this corporate finance scope. This paper examines these issues, and also asks the question is of great..."

Tags:capital, asset, pricing

Abstract
This paper focuses on the effects of an aging population on financial asset (stocks and bonds) returns in the U.S. for the post-World War II period. The first part of the paper provides a brief review of demographic changes that will confront a selected country during the next half century. The next part presents a review of the empirical literature on demographics and financial asset demands. Next, the paper develops a conceptual framework for analyzing how an aging population triggered by falling birth rates and rising life expectancies affects the demand for financial assets. A discussion of the ideal data set and an outline of the challenges that arise in estimating how population aging will alter aggregate demand follows. Next, the paper builds up the actual models used in this paper and discusses actual data and proxies. Finally, the paper presents new findings and tests empirically the relation between aging and asset returns in the U.S. The conclusion summarizes the main findings and notes areas for future study.

Outline
The Demographic Transition in the U.S. and Other Nations
Theoretical Background and Literature Review
Conceptual Model
Ideal Data
Actual Model
Results and Analysis

From the Paper
"Sell, Sell to whom? This dilemma might haunt the Baby Boomers in the next century as they attempt to unload their assets to pay for retirement. The rising number of middle-aged workers today is the direct result of the Baby Boom generation, those born in roughly the two decades following World War II. It is this high working population ratio, which has often been identified as an important factor for rises in productivity (see Shimer (1998)). As these boomers age, they will have profound social and economic implications for much of the developed world. The large increase in the ratio of retired workers to those in the labor force during the next three decades will place substantial strains on public pension programs. Just in the U.S. anticipated social security expenditures will outstrip income by 2020. In many other developed nations the fiscal prospect is even more daunting than it is in the United States."

Tags:financial, market, rise, values, boomers, retirement, age, unload, smaller, cohort, falling

Abstract
This paper presents an asset valuation for a newly opened business, Classic Furniture Company, that specializes in wholesale residential furniture selling a wide array of living room, bedroom and dining room sets. The paper provides an analysis of the inventory held by Classic Furniture and examines the company's inventory and capitalization policy as well as the methodology used to value assets and calculate depreciation. The paper justifies the policies chosen and explains how the company meets the goal of using the most effective polices.

From the Paper
"Inventories in most industries generally represent the most significant current asset. How it is valued in the Financial Statement will affect the Balance Sheet, Income Statement, Statement of Changes in Owners' Equity and the Statement of Cash Flow. There are four basic methods of inventory valuation or "cost flow assumptions." The FIFO (first in-first out) method of accounting means that the first cost into the inventory system is the first cost out and charged to cost of goods sold. Under this cost flow assumption, the oldest cost is transferred to cost of goods sold, and the ending inventory is comprised of the most resent cost. Additionally, net income is higher under the FIFO method of accounting. Disadvantages associated with the FIFO method is that it is not consistent with GAAP accounting, because the matching principal is violated resulting in higher income taxes and lower cash flows. The LIFO (last in - first out) cost flow method of accounting means that the last cost into inventory is the first cost transferred to cost of goods sold. Under this method the ending inventory is made up of the oldest cost. The LIFO method is an acceptable GAAP method as it matches expense and revenues. "

Tags:inventory, accounting, income, cost, flow