Abstract
This paper discusses how middle-class parents better prepare their children for academic achievement.

Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at Morris Bishop's contention that the Middle Ages was a time of birth as well as a time of continuation from the past. In so doing, the writer discusses the religious, economic, political, social, and educational continuities and innovations of an age that has been often unjustly dismissed by scholars. In the end, the writer maintains that Bishop's sweeping text underlines the vitality of the age.

Tags:bishop, middle, ages

Abstract
This paper explores Bonaventure's understanding of the soul's ascension to God and includes an examination of cultural specificity and its effect on Bonaventure's writings.

From the Paper
"In his work "The Mind's Road to God", Bonaventure shows the practical value of the three fold ladder of spiritual ascent by explaining the individual steps involved in the process and demonstrating how each uniquely leads to that which Bonaventure finds most desirable - the soul's ascension into God. However, to completely understand the ideas underpinning Saint Bonaventure's spiritual philosophy, it is important to possess both a basic knowledge of his background and an understanding of the contribution this background may have made to his writings."

Tags:saint, augustine, italy, franciscan, order, seraphic, doctor, monk

From the Paper
"Introduction
In his exploration of 20th century fascism between the wars, Payne (1995) described Mussolini as the most liberal of the totalitarian personalities that dominated that period. Perhaps this was a vestige of his earlier involvement with revolutionary socialism, or a reflection from his early years. Yet, the fact remains that Mussolini, along with Hitler, was an architect of fascism and of the policies that led to World War II. The intention in the following pages is to explore Mussolini's rise to power, including his childhood and youthful political development."

Abstract
This paper explain that the question of when, or even whether, Jesus knew that he was God has been debated by theologians since Christ's crucifixion. The author reviews the questions surrounding this issue by reflecting upon the distinction between the ascent and descent theological approaches to the nature of Jesus. The paper concludes that, while it is clear that Jesus had some perceptions concerning his special relationship with God, there is very little in the New Testament that indicates any full awareness of his role and purpose in life before his baptism; however, during his public ministry, Jesus demonstrated a clear understanding of who he was. The paper contains many quotations.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Descending and Ascending Logos
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Although humankind has always believed infancy and early childhood to be uniquely significant, it was not until the early half of the twentieth century that consistent research was conducted into the way in which children emotionally develop. Freud (1949), who was the foremost major theorist to highlight the importance of infancy and young childhood, strongly believed that "the ways babies are treated establish lifelong orientations and personality traits", while other behaviorists, including the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, explored children's cognitive growth."

Tags:ascent, descent, perceptions, luke, divinity

Abstract
This paper explains that Richelieu, the villain in the "Three Musketeers", is one of the reasons the marriage of church and state, which was the practice in Europe at the time, left such a sour taste in the mouths of those statesmen who crafted the American Constitution. The author points out that the monarchy was established so firmly that, even the long, poorly administered reign, and the series of rebellions, which occurred during that time, could not shake its foundation, and France became the dominating power on the continent of Europe, both in politics and in the arts. The paper relates that, while the Protestant Reformation had taken root in Europe less than a half century prior to Richelieu's ascent to power, his allegiance to the Catholic Pope placed him at political odds with those who engaged in dissent.

From the Paper
"As masterfully demonstrated by the Clinton administration, controlling public opinion is a process of paramount importance if a man of dubious character is to build a favorable legacy. Criticism needed to be stifled, and Richelieu did this with much success. He submitted the press who would question his "advisory role to the king" to a brutally repressive regime. As a result, most pamphlets published in France in his day supported the government. According to recent research into French history, the Cardinal extended his concept of spin control to any publication critical of the government, including popular cultural writers of the time, the Academie Francaise, which was intended to enhance the artistic and intellectual prestige of France."

Tags:church, state, arts, power, newspapers

Abstract
This paper concerns the fourth chapter, or canto, of the second book in the "Divina Commedia" of Dante, the "Purgatorio". It concerns the ascent of the main characters to the realm of the indolent, where reside the repentant souls of those who were too lazy to convert before their last days. God is making them wait before they are admitted to paradise, just like they made him wait for their conversion. The paper concerns the way in which Dante uses abnormal physical laws to make the mythological space of the Commedia just weird enough to be believed. Current findings in the anthropology of religion are cited to support the need for odd, un-earthly aspects of supernatural systems like those involved in the afterlife.

Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the history of the police department in America. The writer explores why the nation determined police departments were necessary and how they began their ascent to various cities.

From the Paper
"Before one can understand the current police departments in America it is important for one to understand how the police came to be viewed as something that was needed. Police departments in America origins have been traced back to early English Society. Before the Norman Conquest there were no police forces that were formally administered and implemented. Instead society depended on something called the pledge system which entailed a type of code of honor. This code said that each village member pledged to protect the entire village against crimes such as thieves and murderers. If any member of the village saw something occurring they were honor bound to make such a fuss that the rest of the village would be alerted. They as well as the village members that they had alerted were honor bound to pursue and deal with the criminal in question. While this system was considered successful for many years as villages grew larger it became necessary to design a more organized system. This is when the tithing system came to be. A tithing was ten a ten family group in a village. The ten families banded together and worked with the honor system of before, but the tithing was also overseen by one person that was called a constable. Constables have since been considered the first real police officer in the world(Police History and Organization History of Police
http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/just/just110/police1.html). "

Tags:law, enforcement

Abstract
This essay covers the life and accomplishments of Nero, emperor of Rome. It talks about his unlikely ascent to the throne due to his conniving mother. The paper shows that Nero's rule began well enough, but as time went on his mistrust for others grew. The paper speaks about the development of tensions between Nero and those who were once close to him. It also mentions his bizarre hobbies, his bloody persecution of Christians and his equally bloody demise.

From the Paper
"After her death, Nero divorced Octavia and married Poppaea and completely lost all inhibitions. He would go to the Olympics, an event scorned by the Romans and continued to act and sing, even though such a pastime was seen as lowly in Roman society. In one final callous act, he burned down almost a quarter of Rome, purportedly to expand his immense estate or wanting to replace the cluttered, ugly old Rome with new, innovative architecture. He used the Christians as a scapegoat for this act and gave them a fitting punishment: using them as live torches at festivals. When his wife became pregnant the senate decided that Nero was a threat to the Roman people and wanted to kill him before the baby was born and named heir. The plan failed but the baby died shortly after its birth and later Poppaea herself died from a later miscarriage."

Tags:caesar, Domitius, Octavia, Poppaea

Abstract
The NASDAQ and the arguments regarding whether or not the NASDAQ's rapid ascent and decline signifies that the NASDAQ was and is merely an overinflated bubble are discussed in this paper. Part II discusses arguments in favor of the position that the NASDAQ was and is simply one large bubble. In Part III, arguments in favor of the position that the NASDAQ was not and is not merely one huge bubble are raised.

From the Paper
"What the stock-market indicators do not reveal, but that the free-fall offered a rare glimpse of, is the disturbing growth of "digital sweatshops," anti-union policies, mandatory urine testing, and harsh working conditions which would not be accepted in other professions. (Burns). Slave-driven coders and programmers who are scrapped by age thirty-five, call center support staff, and marketing specialists trapped by their own psychographic profile are the new under-class. (Burns)."

Tags:burns, smith, wealth, nations, moral, corporate, digital, greenspan, federal, glasner