Abstract The artsenvironment in Australia has always been tenuous in terms of financial stability and working conditions for artists. The dance sector in Australia appears to be the most fragile part of the arts sector, consistently receiving lower funding than literature, music, theatre and visual arts. This paper looks at these issues focusing on both Bangarra Dance Theatre and One Extra Company.
Outline
Introduction
Background of Bangarra
Background of One Extra
Funding
One Extra and Bangarra Funding
Sponsorship
Working Conditions
Mid Career Artists
Creative Output of Australian Work
Artistic Vibrancy
Conclusion
From the Paper "Funding available from the NSW Ministry for the Arts for dance is the fifth lowest nationally. (Fishel, D. et al, 2004, p50) The states which receive less state funding for dance are the states with the smallest populations (South Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Tasmania and Northern Territory) and two don't have permanent dance companies (ACT & Tas). It seems illogical that NSW, a state with multiple dance companies and a large population, receives only a small amount more than these states and territories."
Abstract The paper outlines the elements of a clear business plan for Barnes and Noble that would include the opportunities, competition, an analysis of the environment, a financial plan, an analysis of the risks and implications of conducting international business and a focus on the administrative nature of their internal affairs. The paper then examines the business opportunity in Australia and provides a SWOT analysis of the company and the environment. The paper discusses the competitive advantages the company would have to meet and offers a look at the economic/geographic environment of Australia.
Outline:
Introduction
Global Business Opportunities
International Competitors
The Economic/Geographic Environment
From the Paper "Due to the numerous changes brought about by the twentieth century, organizations are now able to expand their businesses overseas more easily. And they try in this sense to seize any opportunity that would lead to increased organizational profits. The American corporations are the ultimate epitome of international success and to prove this, just take a glimpse at Nike, Microsoft or McDonald's. Barnes and Noble is also an organization that has been considering the penetration of foreign markets in the attempt to gain more customers, and consequently increase their profits."
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to inform readers about McDonald's in Australia's international history, product line and marketing environment. This paper takes an in-depth look at several aspects of this company, including its competition, environmental factors, the variance of products between the United States and Australia, pricing, and promotional materials and tactics.
From the Paper "The first McDonalds franchise was opened in Des Plains, Illinois in 1954 by a man named Ray Kroc. Ray was familiar with the McDonald brother's operation in California. He liked the simplicity of their menu, which included burgers, fries, soft drinks, and milkshakes. At the time, the McDonald's brothers were not planning on expanding their business. Ray Kroc saw the great potential of this type of restaurant and propositioned the two brothers. He wanted their permission to open a similar operation and agreed to pay them .05% of revenues. They accepted his offer and McDonald's stores began to take off! By 1960, Kroc had already opened 200 McDonald's restaurants throughout the United States by franchising out the McDonald's name to local entrepreneurs. In 1961, Kroc bought the McDonald brothers out for 3 million dollars, and by 1965, the company was public and now named McDonald's Corporation. Today, McDonald's has restaurants on 6 continents and in 120 countries. The total amounts to over 20,000 restaurants and serves about 28 million people daily. (http://www.mcdonalds.com.au/home/)"
Abstract The paper outlines the issues of the greenhouse effect in Australia. The paper gives group and individual viewpoints on the subject, listing proposed options that might solve this problem. The paper further examines how Australia relates to the international community on this issue. The writer concludes with a personal opinion as to the best solution to this problem.
From the Paper "The Australian Government (2005), in an effort to better battle further environmental damage to its land, either by its own actions or through the actions of others, acknowledges that for the last several years and decades, "the national and international focus has predominantly been on strategies to reduce greenhouse emissions," and that despite its own readiness to fix the environment, there has been on the part of others "an unwillingness to devote serious attention to adaptation strategies." The problems which the Australian Government (2005) has identified and begun to battle have resulted in such environmental and weather effects as "an increase in annual national average temperatures..., more heatwaves and fewer frosts..., more frequent El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events..., reductions in average rainfall and run-off..., more severe wind speeds in cyclones..., an increase in severe weather events..., and a change in ocean currents.""
This paper interprets the term terra nullius as the acquisition of land which belongs to no one and examines how Britain claimed ownership of Australia.
Abstract The writer of this paper defines terra nullius as a legal acquisition of land and delves into its significant impact on Australia. It is under this particular definition of legal land acquisition that Britain claimed ownership of Australia. This paper discusses in historic detail how terra nullius affected many aspects of Australian society both in negative and positive ways.
From the Paper "What needs to be realized is that this original land claim was based on a violation of international law. The land claimed by the British would not fall under the concept of terra nullius because aboriginal tribes were in possession of the land. The land did not "belong to no one" and there were ownership claims to the territory albeit based on heritage rather than British law. The natives of the land were pushed off of ancestral lands at the cost of lives and lifestyle. Therefore, British colonization and later Australian sovereign rule is based entirely upon false claims and violations of recognized international law."
Abstract This paper explores regional development in Canada and Australia. It summarizes some of the main characteristics of regional development policy in Australia and in Canada and provides an example from each which highlights a major difference.
From the Paper "Canada and Australia have many things in common making the differences between these two countries even more striking. For example both nations are large and resource rich. Both nations have relatively small ..."
Tags: canada, australia, regional development policies, government intervention, wealth redistribution, global economy, competitiveness
Abstract This paper discusses an article that explores socio-constructivism, a creative student-centered approach to teaching in today's American arts classroom. The author notes that although the article, "Teacher Research in the Socio-Constructivst Art Classroom" by Eliza Pitri is often repetitive and pedantic and contains a detailed description of the components of socio-constructivism as well as practical instructions for teachers who wish to implement it. The paper concludes with a brief analysis of how the use of this approach might impact pedagogy in the author's school.
From the Paper "Expanding upon the work of earlier scholars, Pitri maintains that the socio-constructivist approach recognizes that people construct knowledge from the events and phenomena they come across in their lives. Citing a handful of scholars who have devoted themselves to the study of socio-constructivist epistemology and its implications for classroom instruction, Eliza Pitri writes that learners who actively pursue knowledge instead of simply sitting in a desk passively absorbing knowledge as articulated by someone else are learners who aggressively integrate new information and experiences into their pre-existing knowledge base; along the way, they revise and re-interpret "old" knowledge as part of an ongoing effort to reconcile it with "new" knowledge...."
Abstract This paper presents a general analysis of the impact tourism development has on regional areas, both positive and negative. It uses regional Australia as an example to analyze the situation in more detail. It explains positive ecnomic developments but occasional negative social effects.
From the Paper "In recent decades, regional Australia has unquestionably been suffering from a downturn in both population and facilities (Hall, 1998, p 272). Whilst the reasons for this are many and varied, they are mostly outside the scope of this essay and thus will not be discussed here. However, it is the resultant state of this situation which highlights the benefits of tourism development to regional Australia. An increase in the urbanisation of Western society, Australia included, is responsible for the shrinkage of the agrarian society and consequent downturn in the fortunes of regional areas (Sharpley, 1999, p 285). Thus tourism development in regional Australia stimulates regional development as it promotes economic growth and employment generation. However, whilst this is the case, there are also factors that are preventing the occurrence of the tourism development of regional Australia. I will firstly discuss the benefits of regional tourism development in greater detail before proceeding with the discussion of the preventative factors."
Abstract This paper examines the systems of management and authority practiced in Australia with regard to organic farming. In order to be considered a registered organic farmer, strict rules need to be followed. This paper discusses these regulations and interviews individual farmers about their reactions and attitudes.
From the Paper "The attitudes that prevail in organic farming in Australia are not surprising if we look to other work on broad dimensions of Australian culture, dimensions that we should certainly expect to see reflected in management style. One such index to cultural dimensions that is widely used is Hofstede's dimensions. Hofstede created a quantitative method for measuring aspects of culture that extend widely across different arenas such as a value for individualism as opposed to collectivism and "masculine" as opposed to "feminine" traits."
Abstract This paper compares the U.S.A. to Australia in terms of items that can be bought in either place and puts them into a graphical representation. The paper gives a reason for doing the research on the two countries combined.
From the Paper "I selected each country because I thought it would be interesting to compare the United States of America to Australia since the USA is enormous when compared to Australia in land size. In addition, I thought it would be fascinating to see the prices associated with goods and services in Australia compared to the U.S. since Australia is an island completely surrounded by water. The USA, however, has neighboring countries of Canada and Mexico. Also, I thought it would be intriguing to see the percentage of income each item costs. I learned that, although Australia is much smaller than the USA and water locked, its prices are just about equivalent to the USA's as is shown in Figure 1. As you can see, if you purchased the same goods and services in Australia and the USA, the total amount is almost entirely the same even though the per capita income is much lower in Australia than in the USA. Figure 2 shows a graphical representation of these figures. "
Tags: cost, living, income, per, capita, australia, america
Abstract This paper explains social and structural barriers that confront women because of child-rearing practices. The author reviews Australia's labor market and how it relates to women. The paper examines discriminatory practices.
From the Paper "The role of women in society has expanded considerably over the past century. Less than a hundred years ago, women in the United States which purports to be the most democratic nation in the world were not allowed to vote. Today women in the developed world including Australia ..."
Tags: women's rights, childrearing, workforce participation, Australia, social constructs
Abstract The writer of this paper centers on the fields of Far East and Near East art also known as Orientalist art. This paper presents figures and facts pertaining to the genre of Orientalist art from the auction houses of Christie' and Sotheby's as well as others. This well-researched paper discusses the general status of the art industry, while also delving into current trends. This paper examines how the 9/11 terror attacks caused sales and prices in the art industry to drastically fall around the world. This paper discusses the published reports that claim that even prior to 9/11 the art market was showing signs of slowing down. This paper contains published statistics and data pertinent to the art market in general while also presenting 6 illustrated charts and graphs relevant to this particular topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
General Art Market Analysis
Orientalist Art Market Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "Luckily, the art market was able to rebound quite quickly, despite challenges in other sectors. "After the tragedy of September 11th, the art market has consistently trumped the performance of sluggish equities markets" ("Art investment", 2003). For this reason, the art market, in general, has seen a resurgence, despite the downturn attributed to September 11th. However, not all is smooth sailing for the industry. This was evidenced just prior to perhaps one of the largest events in the art market history was the sale of artwork collected by the late Malcolm Forbes. Forbes was an obsessive collector. From Faberge eggs to Orientalist paintings, Forbes collection grew for more than three decades. 361 pieces of art, from this lifetime of collecting went under the hammer at Christie's in London, in 2003."
Abstract This paper discusses how the human body has always been a constant subject in art and in particular western art from the ancient times. This essay examines the various ways in which the body was represented in art from ancient to modern times. Many great pieces of art have had the nude as their theme, or at least contained nudes. The nude is often the subject of art but can also be considered an art form. The paper also looks at the nude as a subject of art and how notions of gender differences, desire and identity reflected on the female nudity in art.
Abstract This paper analyzes Martin Heidegger's definition of art. The author claims that the origin of art is created from some form of activity on the part of the artist, whether it be creating a painting, song, sculpture or poetry. This paper focuses on Van Gogh's painting "A Pair of Shoes" and describes Heidegger's view of this particular work of art as well as his perception of the artist. The writer of this paper questions whether the artist creates the art or if art in fact creates the artist. This paper also discusses the significance of technology and nature in any work of art while describing Heidegger's definition of the 'thing' needed when creating art.
From the Paper "After mentioning the artist, Heidegger begins to question what the artist is. We must question then if the work is what makes the artist, or is it the artist that makes the work. He tells us that the artist is the source of the work, and the work is the source of the artist. Both the work and the artist depend on each other, and one of them cannot exist without the other. Both the artist and work are related to a thing that comes before each, and that is what Heidegger calls art. If artist and work are both dependent on each other to be the source of the other, so do to both depend on art as their source. Heidegger asks if art can be a source of a work of an artist. Heidegger then claims that art is nothing more than a collective noun that signifies nothing now."
Tags:art, book, literature, van, gogh, painting, poetry, technology, review, perception
Abstract This essay gives the historical and social background of modern art, explains the general ways that modernist work can be seen as uniquely different from art that came before, and looks at two specific examples of modern art's radically different approach. It clearly defines modern art and explains the foundations and philosophy behind art of the past hundred and fifty years.
From the Paper "When defining and discussing modern art, it is first important to clarify exactly what the term means. Modern art refers primarily to painting, sculpture, and architecture created since the blossoming of technology and modern society. In broader historical thinking, the word modern refers to that time after the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery, however, the modern art movement is generally agreed to have been between the 1860s and 1970s. Like many discussions about art history, these dates are subjective. Painting, sculpture, and architecture from this period of history are called "modern" or ?modernist.? For many art historians, modern art began with the work of Edward Manet. Manet was one of the first impressionists and modern artists, those who reacted to the very formal and rigid style of painting done inside studios and set by traditional institutions in the nineteenth century. Modernism ended with the start of what many refer to as "post-modernism" in the 1960s and 1970s. This essay will give the historical and social background of modern art, explain the general ways that modernist work can be seen as uniquely different from art that came before, and look at two specific examples of modern art's radically different approach to painting. When compared to Renaissance and other western "traditional art" up to the late nineteenth century, it will be seen that modernism was a totally new paradigm for art."
