Abstract
The paper looks at the research question of what determines functional gains in the patient who is undergoing rehabilitation following knee arthroplasty. The paper questions whether it is an external treatment or a patient trait which determines effective rehabilitation. The paper critically analyzes two studies that address this question, one a randomized trial and the other a cohort study. The paper compares their strengths and weaknesses and discusses the applicability of the research results to local rehabilitation patients.

Outline:
Study 1 - Randomized Controlled Trial of Hospital Stay and Functional Independence, Post-Discharge
Study 2: Influence of Age and Gender on Outcomes with Knee Arthroplasty after Rehabilitation
Comparison of Strengths and Weakness in Both Studies
Applicability of Study Results

From the Paper
"Rehabilitation outcomes for patients who have undergone knee arthroplasty may be due to the efficacy of single external treatments given in isolation from other therapies. Such treatments consist of osteopathic manipulative treatment (Licciardone, et al., 2004). However, beneficial outcomes for these patients may depend more on patient characteristics such as gender and age, and on taking these variables into consideration. According to Vincent, et al., 2006), the functional outcomes for knee arthroplasty in rehabilitation programs may be impacted by patient characteristics."

Tags:patient, characteristics, age, gender, variables, discharge, recovery, hip

Abstract
This paper looks at how 144,000 total hip arthroplasties are performed annually in the United States and how, of these, approximately 100,000 are due to osteoarthritis of the hip joint. It examines how candidates for total hip replacements most commonly present with pain and often with reduced range of motion and how a total hip arthroplasty is performed only when all other possible methods of treatment have failed. It shows how the main cause for choosing this treatment option is osteoarthritis, the degeneration of articular cartilage in the joint, and how other causes include rheumatoid arthritis, trauma, post traumatic arthritis, and congenital deformities.

Outline
Clinical Applications
Anatomy
Procedure
Problems
Image-Guided Robotic Approach

From the Paper
"The intraoperative problems associated with total hip arthroplasty are thrombophlebitis (a blood clot in the large veins of the leg), infection, nerve injury, vascular injury, cement reaction/fat embolus, and fracture/canal perforation3,4. During the surgery, the most difficult step is obtaining proper alignment and positioning of the acetabular cup. This is important because it will affect the range of motion and the loading of the joint, as well as directly affecting the life of the implant. A cup protector must be utilized to protect the acetabular cup from scratches from bone, instruments, and debris. It is also imperative to sufficiently ream the femoral canal and to apply an even cement mantle. Additional problems commonly seen postoperatively include stem subsidence, dislocation, aseptic loosening, wear that can lead to systemic effects, weakening of surrounding bone (bone resorption), instability, and fracture."

Tags:acetabular, acetabulum, bone, femoral, joint

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that rehabilitation outcomes for patients who have undergone knee arthroplasty may be due to the efficacy of single external treatments given in isolation from other therapies. The writer looks at two studies concerning treatments and rehabilitation programs. This paper questions whether it is an external treatment or a patient trait which determines effective rehabilitation.

From the Paper
"Such treatments consist of osteopathic manipulative treatment. However, beneficial outcomes for these patients may depend more on patient characteristics such as gender and age, and on taking these variables into consideration. According to Vincent, et al., the functional outcomes for knee anthroplasty in rehabilitation programs may be impacted by patient characteristics."

Tags:studies, critique, analysis

Abstract
This paper reviews the literature in an attempt to determine whether CPM is of considerable medical benefit and also to determine whether there is any cause for concern with self-managed rehabilitation.

Table of Contents
Problem Statement
Literature Review: Knee Arthroscopy
Continuous Passive Motion
Continuous Passive Motion and Stiffness Continuous Passive and Knee Arthroplasty
Continuous Passive Motion and Arthroscopy
Research Needed
Learning Outcome
References

From the Paper
"Knee arthroscopy has become a popular treatment for effective diagnosis of knee problems as well as being used to treat knee problems. In many cases, arthroscopy has replaced previous invasive methods. The major benefits include the less invasive nature of the procedure. This results in less hospital time and less recovery time, which also produces a cost saving for the patient."

Tags:surgery, joints, physiotherapy, arthroplasty, recovery