Abstract This short paper explores both the art of India and the mysticism behind this art. The author describes the purposes of Indian art, citing the religious and philosophical meanings intertwined within a work. Several architectural landmarks are presented, including the complex of temples at Khajuraho. Specific styles of painting are also described.
From the Paper " The most prominent feature of Indian art is that it does not attempt a representation of the immediate reality as such, nor does it bring merely aesthetic figurations of it, but that its substance is always blended with the religions and philosophies of India, and therefore pervaded with rich symbolism, with a sum of philosophical concepts and many divine characters. This is why artistic objects in India serve usually more than one purpose - the temples, for example, are not, in terms of style, merely architectural forms, but are closer to sculpture. Also the stupas , were originally small burial or reliquary places , but they are also cosmic diagrams by the special elements of their construction such as the harmika symbolizing the heaven of the thirty three gods , and the yasti , as the axis of the universe , rising through the harmika ,and thus uniting the world with the paradise above."
This paper discusses the meaning behind four great works of art: Felguerez's "Entre Dos Almas", "Fernwood Figures", "Sculpture of Vishnu", and Westall's "The Bard".
Abstract The first piece reported in this paper is an oil on canvas, painted by Mexican artist Manuel Felguerez and titled 'Entre Dos Almas', created in 1992. The next art piece is "Fernwood Figures". It originated from Vanuatu, Melanesia, in the late 19th century to early 20th century, and represents tribal ancestors.The author states that the "Sculpture of Vishnu" originates from India during the Pala period,12th century. The final piece is "The Bard", an oil on canvas, painted by a British artist Richard Westall (1765-1836). Illustrations.
Table of Contents
"Entre Dos Almas"
"Fernwood Figures"
"Sculpture of Vishnu"
"The Bard"
From the Paper "In Felguerez's paintings, it is very apparent that the he is quite fond of abstractionism. His work, on this media and beyond, is constantly exploring and playing with the primary geometrical shapes like the circle, square and triangle. Around the early seventies, the computer began to influence Manuel's work. The paintings produced by the artist around this time were almost mechanical looking in their composition. Color schemes usually contained a mechanical grayish background color, which was perceived to have derived from his interest in the growing world of computer-generated graphics. Also found in many of these earlier works was the design principle of rhythm and repetition while remaining unified."
Abstract This paper explains that Buddhist Art sprang from the religion Buddhism; dragons, flowers, as well as Buddha himself are portrayed in paintings, statues, shrines, tapestry and many various forms and textures across many centuries of art. The author points out that not much is known about the ancient Buddhist artists, but two 19th century Buddhist artists are Utagawa Hiroshige, born in Tokyo and sometimes known as Ando Tokytaro, and Katsushika Hokusai, a master and genius of the Japanese art of woodblock printing. The paper relates that Buddhist Art continues to influence world art today; Cuiun Matsuda is a modern day Buddhist artist and a Buddhist priest. Chart.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Aniconic Phase (5th Century - 1st Century BCE)
Iconic Phase (1st Century CE to Present)
Ancient Artists
Utagawa Hiroshige (1797-1858) Buddhist Artist
Katsushika Hokusai (1760 - 1849) Buddhist Artist
Conclusion
From the Paper "Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan era which was from 322 BCE to 180 BCE is defined by the first clear manifestations of Buddhist art. It was during the first and second centuries BCE that sculptures gained a characteristic of being explicit in representation of Buddha, his life and his teachings. India's representations of the Buddha were the bodhi tree, the footprint, the empty throne, the lions, the columns or the lotus. The lotus was a symbol of purity."
Tags: centuries, mauryan, hiroshige, india, woodblock
Abstract This essay discusses the way in which Buddhism, whose origins are from India, influenced Chinese art. The essay discusses specific artists who employed Buddhist themes in their work, The writer also looks at exhibitions and architecture that reflect the tradition of using Indian Buddhism as either the subject of the work or that use Indian Buddhism to symbolically give a message to the viewer.
From the Paper "Indian Buddhism was founded in India in 525 BC. Its creator Siddhartha Gautama--or Buddha--taught his followers four noble truths: "existence is suffering (dukha); suffering has a cause, namely craving and attachment (trishna); there is a cessation of suffering, which is nirvana; and there is a path to the cessation of suffering, the 'eightfold path' of right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration"."
Abstract This is an essay analyzing the influence of Buddhism from India on Chinese art. The writer discusses that this profound influence was primarily due to the cultural interchange resulting from the 'silk road' trade route, as well as other routes. The writer points out that Buddhism came to China via these trade roads, and was eventually adapted by Chinese artists. Further, the writer notes that Greek influences are also important in this artistic tradition.
From the Paper "To a certain degree, the art produced by any given culture is a product of the synthesis of all that culture has experienced and been in contact with, though a flavor or 'look' that is distinct to the given culture invariably remains. It should not come as a surprise that China was not immune to influences from other cultures, one of the most significant being Buddhism, which originated in India and spread throughout much of east Asia, including China, Japan and Korea. Buddhist iconography thus became a part of east Asian art, including Chinese art, particularly during the T'ang Dynasty."
Abstract This paper explores the history of marriage in India, where it is viewed as a sacrament and the greatest bond between a man and a woman and between their families. The author discusses arranged marriages and the role of sexual intimacy in marriage. The paper further highlights the different outlooks on marriage between Northern India and Southern India. Also considered is the impact of other cultures in India, including Islamic and Western Culture. The author concludes that despite these cultural influences, marriage remains a sacrament in India.
From the Paper "The greatest event in a family in India is a wedding, which celebrates and evokes every possible social obligation, kinship bond, traditional value, sentiment and economic resource (Encyclopedia of Nations 1995). It is considered essential by virtually everyone in the country. The individual sees it as the setting for one's transition to adulthood, which is the result of a combination of choices by everyone in the group or family. Everyone is born in a family and the choice of a family is beyond individual choice, which is why arranging a marriage is a critical responsibility of parents and other relatives on both sides. Some Indian parents make this arrangement at the birth of a child while some wait until later. Child marriage was practiced by small ancient groups, especially the Rajasthan, for their children under the age of five (Encyclopedia of Nations, Stormloader). Hindu scriptures sanctioned the practice and its early consummation and emphasized that a girl should be married before puberty or before her first menstruation. If not, she would go to hell because it would constitute abortion. Their Prophet Islam taught that marrying young girls from 2 to 8 would be ideal. Indians also fixed the age of the groom at ideally three times that of the child bride..."
Abstract This paper traces the historic relationship between the United States and India, from its fragile beginnings to the current strengthening of ties. Several issues are addressed that have contributed to the relationship between the two nations. These include the Cold War, economic cooperation between the US and India, and India's security issues. The author believes that India and the United States are still in the early stages of what will hopefully be a strong and prosperous friendship. The writer concludes that decades of mistrust and friction must be resolved if relations are to fully flourish.
Outline
A History of Wariness
Economic Cooperation Between the US and India Security Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper "The United States was frustrated by its inability to win influence in this strategic nation that serves as a jumping point to Asia and the Middle East. Even after the Cold War, the United States' relationship with India remained rocky over issues such as nuclear proliferation, India's conflict with Pakistan, and high trade tariffs. However, a new era seems to be dawning in U.S-Indian relations. Both sides have begun to look past historically divisive issues and to focus on natural synergies between the nations, particularly in the area of economic cooperation. Despite growing economic ties between the nations and increased understanding over India's nuclear status, significant issues still remain in the development of a solid partnership between India and the United States."
Tags:India, United, States, international, relations
Explains India's economic performance by taking an in depth look at the economic, political and social change that has taken place within India during the postwar years.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 5 sources, 2002, $ 106.95
Abstract This comprehensive study is aimed at the major economic, political, cultural and social changes and crises that have taken place within India during the period in question and it will attempt to assess the extent to which these factors have shaped the country's economic performance. Included in this analysis will be an assessment of economic development and social change, the economic and political aspects of agricultural change, as well as political change, political structure and the functioning of government. Attention will also be directed towards the caste conflict and language differences as well as the extent to which they have had an impact on the level of economic development that India has been able to achieve and the nature of this development. The main hypothesis that will be tested in this study will be the following: while India has achieved relatively significant economic advances during recent years, especially in light of the country's status as a Third World nation, these advances have been limited.
Abstract This paper compares economic and population data on India and Pakistan, noting that India is a moderate-sized country with a huge population. The writer states that over-population is one of the problems facing India, and that data on this subject can be found easily using an Internet search engine. The writer notes that one site that offers a good deal of data is known as Data & Statistics, a site offering data gathered by the World Bank on different countries, and with a specific section on Development Goals for India.
From the Paper "India is a moderate-sized country with a huge population. Over-population is one of the problems facing India, and data on this subject can be found easily using an Internet search engine. One site that offers a good deal of data is known as Data & Statistics, a site offering data gathered by the World Bank on different countries, and with a specific section on Development Goals for India. The most current data on the site is for 2004. According to this site, the population of India reached 1.1 billion in 2003 and remained at that level in 2004, up from 1 billion in 2000. The growth rate has been slowing slightly, down to 1.4 percent in 2004 from 1.7 percent in 2000. For 2000, the last year with full data, the national poverty rate stood at 28.6 percent of the population."
Abstract This paper discusses how globalization and outsourcing has affected the Indian economy and society. The paper gives a brief history about the country and discusses how technologically savvy Indian people have been since the beginning of time.
Introduction
History of India India Historical Tidbits
Technology
Economic Impact
Economic History
Economic Boom of Today
The Ethical and Social Aspects and Effects of Globalization and Outsourcing in India Pros
Cons
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "With the digital revolution and the dramatic fall in international telecommunication costs globalization has been made possible. Globalization has changed the way economies operate and this has only been possible due to the various innovations in the technological sectors. India has been in the fore-front of this global revolution. Call-centers, data processing facilities, telemedicine and software development type facilities are opening all over India and China where the labor is cheap and the trade-laws have been liberalized. Globalization would not have become as common as it is today without advancements in technology, mainly the internet. The internet allows real time communication from anywhere to anyone with access to an Internet Service Provider (ISP). With the internet, people can receive the help they need, place orders, arrange shipping and other aspects essential to today's business environment from anywhere there is internet access. Some of the reasons that India was chosen as the location for the call centers is due to the cheap labor rate, the willingness and enthusiasm to work in the global market, and the quality of education to middle class. Despite all the differences in religious, social and economic backgrounds, India has created a workforce that has embraced and used technology to position them at the forefront of outsourcing in a global economy."
Tags: education, globalization, history, india, outsourcing, science, technology
Abstract This paper sums up the social, political, economic repercussions of the 1947 partition of British India into India and modern-day Pakistan. The paper suggests that a more conciliatory approach on behalf of the political leaders of the day might have avoided much of the subsequent bloodshed and spared both of these nations the acrimony and animosity that presently lingers.
From the Paper "The partitioning of India has stirred a great deal of debate. This paper will wade into that debate by examining whether or not the partition of India made sense socially, politically, or economically. More specifically, this paper will argue that the 1947 partition did a great deal of harm to India - and to Pakistan - in all three regards and that a more inclusive approach involving the leaders of the day might have spared both nations the tragedies that followed. With that in mind, it is to a discussion of the Indian partitioning of 1947 that one now turns."
Abstract This paper analyzes of the retail climate in India preparatory to the entry of Wal-Mart into that market, noting that India is a country with a huge population, and Wal-Mart would like to serve a population of that size concentrated in a moderate-sized country. On the other hand, this paper points out that India has been beset by poverty for some time and was a backward country when under British rule. The latter situation has changed in part, but it is not clear if economic growth has been sufficient to support a retail market of the size Wal-Mart needs.
From the Paper "In deciding whether or not to open Wal-Mart stores in India, it is important to ascertain as much information as possible about the Indian economy and the state of retail in India in particular. On the one hand, India is a country with a huge population, and Wal-Mart would like to serve a population of that size concentrated in a moderate-sized country. On the other hand, India has been beset by poverty for some time and was a backward country when under British rule. The latter situation has changed in part, but it is not clear if economic growth has been sufficient to support a retail market of the size Wal-Mart needs. India today has a diverse economy that includes traditional village farming, modern agriculture, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a variety of services."
Abstract A brief comparison of the way people live in both China and India. It shows that both countries do not provide equal opportunities for their women - Communism and the caste system. In China the emphasis is on a good education and striving for hard work while in India most of the population is illiterate. The writer suggests that while both countries are densely populated their attitude towards life are very different.
From the Paper "The cultures of India and China share some similarities, yet are vastly different when answering the question of how ideally a person should live their life. India, as a country, embraces the diversity of their people, and lives peacefully despite the different religions that coexist. The country supports a large population that is estimated at over 1 billion people. The people of India speak thousands of languages, practice nearly every religion imaginable, and oddly enough still incorporate the caste system. China similarly supports a 1-billion+ population, along with social classes, but more emphasis is placed on being male, and receiving higher education. Communism has been a very intrusive government system, which has dramatically influenced the everyday way of life in China."
Abstract An analysis of the history of India as compared to the histories of China and Turkey. The author concentrates on India's struggle for freedom, self-rule and independence with a fight for a recognition of its culture and religious beliefs of its people.
From the Paper "In Chapter 3 of Daniel Brower's book on World History, ?The World in the Twentieth Century: from Empires to Nations,? the author presents salient features of the post World War I histories of three countries: Turkey, India and China. Each of these countries reeling under the yoke of an oppressive combination of monarchies and colonial forces found a national voice for unification and self-governance (Brower, 2002)"
Tags:india, turkey, rule, foreign, history, china, communism, world, war
This paper addresses the conflict between the Hindus and the Muslims in two parts: The first part examines E. M. Forster's "A Passage to India" in terms of its historical accuracy towards its treatment of the differences that persisted between the Hindus
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, 2002, $ 89.95
Abstract This paper addresses the conflict between the Hindus and the Muslims in two parts: The first part examines E. M. Forster's "A Passage to India" in terms of its historical accuracy towards its treatment of the differences that persisted between the Hindus and the Muslims. The second part of this paper addresses current cultural issues that persist in modern- day India. This paper demonstrates that the cultural differences that exist between these two people are deeply rooted in their society and are therefore impossible to ignore. 10 pgs, bibliography lists 4 sources.
Tags: ASIAN STUDIES / INDIA, longstanding cultural differences
