Abstract
The purpose of this study is to obtain insight into the attitudes of individuals who have had to make final arrangements for a deceased friend or relative and to compare their experiences and perceptions to those identified in the literature. The paper employs a quasi-experimental research design using a sample of 50 survivors identified via newspaper obituaries published 6 to 24 months prior to the study to test two research hypotheses. A full literature review of the subject is also included.

From the Paper
"Many individuals attempt to avoid both the high costs of funerals and the emotional trauma of providing for final arrangements by participating in any one of a number of "pre-payment" or "pre-planning" programs offered by funeral directors and cemeterians. Pre-payment plans vary, but most include full payment for selected services and amenities (How to cut..., 1995). Payments can be made in installments, with the details of the final arrangements spelled out in contractual form. While pre-paying can eliminate some of the trauma associated with making final arrangements, there is growing evidence that pre-payment plans are not the ultimate safeguard against funeral home gouging that they were designed to be."

Tags:Funeral, Rule, cremation, FAMSA, Preneed, Act, Totten, Trust

Abstract
This paper that outlines the various alternative work arrangement options and identifies their viability.

Tags:alternative, work, arrangements

Abstract
This paper discusses how flexibility of seating arrangements in the classroom can promote learning and positive behavior, and reduce incidents of behavioral problems in emotionally disturbed students. It looks at the need for accommodations to be tailored to each student's specific needs for this student segment.

From the Paper
"Whether emotionally disturbed children are educated in special schools or are integrated into normal school populations as the law now provides for, they often require certain adaptations of the normal classroom setting and procedures to function maximally ..."

Tags:seating arrangement, individual needs, emotionally disturbed

Abstract
This paper relates that the cost of trade diverting because of the efficiency costs of regional trade arrangements is larger than preferential trade agreement (PTA) proponents recognize. The author points out that these costs arise because (1) the claim that regional trade arrangements minimize trade diversion by grouping natural trading partners is wrong and because (2) the volume of trade flows between countries, another popular indicator, is not a good proxy of naturalness. The paper concludes that these two critiques of the static welfare effects of preferential trading arrangements suggest that the trade diverting effects are likely to be larger and the trade-creating effects are likely to be smaller than proponents of PTAs claim.

Table of Contents
Preferential Trading Arrangements (PTAs) through Free Trade Arrangements
Whether PTAs are Trade Expanding or Trade Diverting?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), an initiative that brings together nineteen countries on both sides of the Pacific, was launched in 1989. The apparent shift in world trading arrangements has generated debate within policy and academic circles about the implications for global economic welfare. One set of protagonists in that debate, including high profile members of Clinton's economic team, such as Lawrence Summers, actively promotes PTAs."

Tags:cost, mexico, asia-pacific, spaghetti-bowl, nafta

Abstract
This study identifies the differences in the perceptions and experiences of survivors who make final arrangements at the death of a friend or relative and those who oversee the execution of pre-paid and pre-planned final arrangements. Specifically, the study employs a quasi-experimental research design using a sample of 50 survivors identified via newspaper obituaries published 6 to 24 months prior to the study to test two research hypotheses. The first hypothesis states that survivors who oversee pre-paid and pre-planned final arrangements will pay less for funeral services than those who do not use this approach. The second hypothesis states that those who pre-pay or pre-plan will have less negative perceptions of funeral directors'/funeral homes' costs than those who did not pre-pay. A survey instrument is developed by the researcher employing a Likert-type scaled response; data is analyzed via descriptive and inferential (i.e., Pearson's r correlation) statistics.

Abstract
Review of Literature - Background of the Problem
Pre-Paying for Funerals
Theoretical Framework
Synthesis of the Literature
Method and Procedure -Purpose and Design of the Study
Sampling
Data Collection and Instrumentation
Procedures
Protection of Human Subjects
Data Analysis
Appendix 1-6
References

From the Paper
"The cost of funeral and final expenses has never been greater for the average individual than it is today. The national average cost of final arrangements, according to the National Funeral Directors Association, is $5,543 (Taking the mystery..., 2000). Many people spend significantly more than this amount, often in excess of $8,000 - $10,000. In the past five years, the price of dying has risen about three times faster than the consumer price index (Ernst, 1998). The problem is such that the United States Senate has undertaken an investigation of fraud in the funeral industry under the aegis of the Senate Special Committee on Aging. Paying for funeral services places consumers in a vulnerable financial situation, a position made worse by the fact that grieving individuals often do not comparison shop for funeral home services, interment options, or other final arrangement services (Senate investigates fraud..., 2000). Grief-stricken mourners may be susceptible to subtle and not-so-subtle coercion and led to purchase final arrangement options beyond their ability to pay.

Singletary (2000) described her own experience in attempting to make final arrangements on behalf of her deceased brother. Noting that her primary emotion at the time was one of guilt and responsibility, coupled with loss, Singletary (2000) states that she did manage to "comparison shop" among several different funeral homes and cemeterians before making her final choice. Nevertheless, in her experience, the price range for a funeral ranged from $5,000 to $10,000 with caskets alone averaging about $2,000."

Tags:casket, death, coffin, cost

Abstract
This paper compares the different living arrangements open to elderly people. These include assisted living, home sharing, nursing homes, staying with children, home care agencies, group homes and hospices. The benefits and fall-backs of each type is examined and the paper analyzes which type of people generally choose which type of arrangement. Statistics and data are provided.

From the Paper
"People today are living longer, which means there is a large elderly population in our society. There are many concerns facing the elderly, one of which is housing. The elderly have several options available to them and it's interesting to see how diverse they can be.

Statistics
Before we look at the housing options for the elderly, we should first explore the statistics concerning the population of this growing group. There were over 35.0 million persons over 65 in the United States in 2000. This accounts for 12.4% of the population or one in every eight Americans. Since 1990, the number of elderly has increased 12.0% in comparison to the 13.3% increase of those under 65. The startling fact is those aged 45-64 increased 34%, meaning there will be a tremendous boom in the elderly population over the next 20 years."

Tags:nursing, hospice, assisted, agency, group, care, home, geriatric, health, security

Abstract
This is a 10-page paper that outlines the various alternative work arrangement options and identifies their viability.

Abstract
This paper addresses the question of timing for accounting of profit or profits derived from a transaction or transactions that - by the nature of the product and/or the contract - require that the goods and/or services be delivered by the seller (vendor) to the buyer (customer) over a predetermined period of time, but not necessarily at one time.

From the Paper
"This paper addresses the question of timing for accounting of profit or profits derived from a transaction or transactions that - by the nature of the product and/or the contract - require that the goods and/or services be delivered by the seller (vendor) to the buyer (customer) over a predetermined period of time, but not necessarily at one time."

Tags:revenue, arrangements, multiple

From the Paper
"This paper will discuss the Federal antitrust provisions as they relate to copyrighted products. The first and second parts of the paper will briefly outline the purposes of federal antitrust law and copyright law. The third part will discuss tying agreements in general, including the requirements a plaintiff must meet for showing a tying agreement and the defenses available to defendants. The fourth part will examine tying agreements and copyrighted products, focusing upon the types of tying agreements commonly found involving copyrighted products and the special issues which arise."

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine, compare and contrast the arranged marriage practices in two specific cultures: a rural Sri Lankan village and metropolitan Japan. The subsequent discussion not only reveals some of the basic practices in arranged marriages in each culture, but also suggests conclusions about the basic commonalities in such practices and how development has had an effect on the practice.

From the Paper
"Of all of the anthropological concepts routinely studied in ethnographic analyses, marriage is probably one of the most ubiquitous. All human societies demonstrate some form of marriage even though anthropologists cannot necessarily agree upon how marriage should be defined in a universal fashion. Nonetheless, marriage is an important part of every human society because it helps dictate kinship organization and determines individual roles within the community. Understanding the ways in which cultures treat marriage can be extremely important in understanding the most basic operations of that culture."

Tags:arranged, marriage, comparison