Abstract
The paper looks at arguments in advertising. Specifically, the paper identifies five instances of advertisements that cleverly present arguments in a manner aimed at getting people to part with their hard-earned money - all to purchase goods that it may safely be said are non-essential. The paper describes each article and outlines what sort of argument each appears to be.

From the Paper
"The first step in figuring out any advertisement is discerning what type of argument is being presented. Glancing at a cellophane ad from the 1950s ("Photo(s) of the Day: Crazy Advertisements from the 1950s," illus1), one..."

Tags:arguments, advertising, english

Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that Aristotle's arguments for democracy are based on his concepts of the citizen, the city, and the constitution.

From the Paper
"Since "a citizen...shares for any period of time in judicial and deliberative office" (Stalley 84), it is already clear that the people, politai, of the city, polis, are involved in making laws and in the rule of the city regardless of where they live or whether they are involved in litigation. The form of association in which the inhabitants of a city organize their lives is the constitution, politeia. All three Greek words are linked in meaning to the idea that people rule, demos=people, cracy=rule."

Tags:arguments, democracy

Abstract
This paper presents several arguments in favor of the existence of God. Scholars and their proofs supporting a divine creator are cited. Other approaches, such as the cosmological argument are also presented. Finally, the paper concludes by addressing the work of Craig, which states that a world without God is absurd.

From the Paper
"In the first instance, the occurrence of evil is sometimes necessary for the result of a greater good. Evans illustrates this using a heroic soldier who might sacrifice his life for the sake of his comrades. Similarly, natural evils (e.g. illnesses) are perhaps necessary in order for a person to cultivate certain virtues. From a theistic perspective, then, there is no utterly pointless evil. Experiencing evil can be viewed as a test of faith. This judgment is simply based on a believer's personal evidence of God's goodness (i.e., the evidential form of the problem of evil), which is as valid as the atheistic argument."

Tags:atheism, evil, evolution, cosmological argument

Abstract
This paper discusses Jerry Mander's book, "Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television." The paper specifically critiques the logic of Mander's offering using Patrick J. Hurley's book, "A Concise Introduction to Logic." It describes Hurley's discussions regarding the understanding of logic and then applies this to various sections of Mander's book.

From the Paper
"Before launching into his four arguments, Mander asks readers to believe (47) that the four are linked together because "they deal with aspects of television that are not reformable." So the reader is now set up to believe that notwithstanding the logic or lack of logic in the material to follow, there is no way out of this disastrous medium, and so the society is basically doomed, driven to its knees. Readers may as well learn why there is no way out. Indeed, in Mander's world, there is no light at the end of the tunnel - only the flickering light from the tube that the whole society is mesmerized by."

Tags:assumption, argument, evaluation

Abstract
In this article, the writer identifies the premises, warrants, and conclusions for three arguments from Mary Wollstonecraft's 'Rights of Women Vindicated'. The writer examines three specific arguments found in the text, the argument that education cannot promote women's rights, the argument that reason can promote women's rights and the argument that common courtesy degrades women.

From the Paper
"Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the rights of women represents the first of many feminist treatises in philosophical history. Her work makes a variety of compelling arguments for women's rights. This essay will examine three specific arguments found in the text, the argument that education cannot promote women's rights, the argument that reason can promote women's rights and the argument that common courtesy degrades women. Mary Wollstonecraft discusses the low value of education and the high value ..."

Tags:Mary Wollestoncraft, feminism

Abstract
The writer looks at a few theories of arguing and how to imbue arguments with morality. Nearly all perspectives of moral theory offer interesting thought and contemplation for the reader. The paper attempts to harmonize these ideas and arguments about morality and its nature in order to make suggestions of how we ought to live our lives.

From the Paper
"The consequentialist proposes that the morally right option in any circumstance can be determined by deciding which option it is that brings about the most good, or the best consequences for all persons affected by the action. These individuals look at the good and bad of each situation and choose the option that will yield more good consequences than bad. A consequentialist will examine possible scenarios and eventually choose the one with the best end result. The utilitarian principle forces individuals to think about not only the direct and immediate consequences of their actions, but also any foreseeable future consequences (these future consequences must be taken into consideration when weighing decisions). Finally, the consequentialist must not consider one's happiness above another's that is, "each person's welfare is equally important.""

Tags:conversation, principles, self-improvement, decision-making

Abstract
In this essay , the writer analyzes the article "Weak Arguments Against Strong Encryption" by Deborah Pierce. The writer discusses that the article represents the emotional opinion of the author without backing up arguments with statistical or experiential evidence.

From the Paper
"Throughout the article, the author also makes claims which seem either to be faulty or derived from obscure sources, leaving the reader to ask where the viewpoint stems from. If the reader feels the author's ultimate opinion has some weight, perhaps this is only because it runs in accord with the view of most readers. Pierce notes the argument over whether or not to allow strong encryption ..."

Tags:article, review, encryption

Abstract
This paper critically discusses the evidence for and against the existence of God, referring to the traditional arguments: ontological, cosmological, and teleological.

From the Paper
"Many philosophers have attempted to prove rationally that God exists. Other philosophers have reacted to this by trying to prove that it is not possible to prove that God exists. This essay will critically discuss the evidence for and against the existence of God, referring to the traditional arguments: ontological, cosmological, and teleological. We must first define what we mean by the God of classical theism. This has been well stated by H.P. Owen, who said that: Theism may be defined as belief in one God, the Creator, who is infinite,...""

Tags:god, ontological, cosmological

Abstract
This paper examines the arguments of both sides of the abortion debate. It evaluates the ethical issues underlying the anti-abortion crusade, with particular emphasis on the rights of the fetus. The paper then looks at the pro-abortion movement, focusing on the constitutional underpinnings of reproductive rights. In the conclusion, the paper argues against criminalizing abortion once again, because making abortion a crime will not stop abortions from occurring. Instead, making abortion illegal will only serve to hurt women's reproductive rights without adequately addressing the central concerns of the pro-life movement.

From the Paper
"In 1973, through the landmark case of Roe vs. Wade, the Supreme Court made first trimester abortions legal in the United States. The decision struck down a host of state anti-abortion statutes and was hailed as a landmark of women's reproductive rights. It also gave birth to a vocal umbrella movement of anti-abortion groups which continue to challenge Roe vs. Wade both on moral and legal grounds.

Almost three decades later, the issue of abortion remains the greatest moral flash point facing America today. More than any other moral issue, the question of abortion has divided communities, determined the outcome of many elections and incited quiet citizens to become activists."

Tags:fetus, reproductive, pro-choice, roe, wade

Abstract
This paper discusses Aristotle's arguments for democracy, which are based on his concepts of the citizen, the city and the constitution. It compares his teaching that the aim and principle of a
constitution is its concept of justice to the teaching of his mentor, Plato. The paper analyzes Aristotle's concept of justice in a democracy.

From the Paper
"Aristotle, however, is still not satisfied. Although "the assembly, the council, and the court consist of many people" (Stalley 111) can and should act as a safeguard for unworthy people assuming office, Aristotle wants guarantees, and like the framers of the Constitution he wants it in writing. The means by which the constitution of a city organizes the life of its citizens is through law. Since rightly constituted laws are framed by Aristotle as the final sovereign, it is clear that "laws must be laid down in accordance with constitutions; and...it follows that laws which are in accordance with right constitutions must necessarily be just" (Stalley 112). The fact that Aristotle uses the plural may indicate that not only was he familiar with good and bad (perverted) constitutions, but he may even have recognized the need for a constitution to be amended because "owing to the difficulty of framing general rules for all contingencies [the may be unable] to make an exact pronouncement" (Stalley 112)."

Tags:Plato, Republic, constitution