Abstract
This paper is a brief review of four articles which all, in one way or another, discuss free speech. This paper discusses each work, the main ideas or purposes that lie therein, and finishes up by looking at whether or not each one offers perspective, information, is argumentative or is persuasive. The paper likewise looks at each in relation to one another.

From the Paper
"Dr. Rodney Smolla's discussion of the First Amendment of the United States Constitution - the amendment that forbids the government from abridging the free speech of each citizen - explores why Americans cling to the notion of the First Amendment as inviolable even though it has been widened to a degree that would strike most of the world as absurd. Ultimately, Smolla's main idea - his implicit stance - is that Americans see value in the First Amendment because they want a "marketplace of ideas" that ensures the eventual discovery of truth; Smolla, for his part,..."

Tags:essay, summary, english

Abstract
The paper discusses that ,for most students on campus, drug use can be a recreational, experimental adventure, occasionally "done" at social gatherings. It argues that those who dabble in drugs are jeopardizing much more than the legal ramifications of getting caught. For the unfortunate few, it can be the beginning of a terrifying world of addiction. Experimenting with drugs, in truth, is like playing Russian roulette. Both are deadly games with eventual casualties. The paper uses persuasive argument to show that the disease of addiction is progressive - that one begins by smoking a little "weed" or popping a few pills and eventually the drug will handle the user.

From the Paper
"In recent news releases, cigarette smoking among college students is over 20 percent. Also, excessive drinking at Penn States main campus this past summer deployed riot police, curfews and criminal charges. Alcohol and tobacco, which are both addictive, are unfortunately socially acceptable and legal. In the city of Philadelphia, an unscrupulous physician is arrested for writing out pain prescriptions for addicts on a regular basis. Amish youths were likewise busted for selling cocaine in Lancaster County. Is no place sacred? Is no one immune?"

Tags:Cravings, crack, cocaine, illegal, withdrawal

Abstract
This is a persuasive paper against Partial-Birth Abortion. The author discusses the side effects and negative impacts of Partial-Birth Abortion with special reference to effects on the mother and the child and uses these to support his argument. This paper includes a history and an overview of abortion.

Partial -Birth Abortion Overview
History of Abortion
The Mother
The Child
Summary

From the Paper
"Partial -Birth Abortion is the unjustified killing of an unborn child in the most gruesome way possible. This is the intentional killing of a child by partially delivering it for the sole purpose of terminating its life. This is achieved by inducing the delivery of a child by allowing the cervix to dilate to only 8 centimeters. The physician vaginally delivers some portion of the intact living fetus until the fetus is partially outside the body of the mother, for the purpose of performing an overt act that the physician knows will kill the fetus. "

Tags:human, life, terminate, doctor, pregnant, child, mother, survive, danger

Abstract
The paper offers a brief background and overview of DNA testing and focuses on the perspective that DNA tests should be implemented to all death row inmates to lead to a more just and legal outcome. The paper discusses documented cases that have shown the efficacy and necessity of DNA testing but then looks at the arguments against DNA testing, focusing on the central argument that it can impinge on privacy rights. The paper argues that the case for DNA testing of death row inmates has far more ethical and moral weight than any opposing arguments.

Outline:
Introduction
Brief Background and Overview
The Argument Against DNA Testing
The Case for DNA Testing
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The view that DNA testing should be applied to all those convicted on crimes that result in a death row sentence is one that has been vigorously debated and contested. The view that supports DNA tests for those on death row is a perspective that is difficult to fault. Simply stated, the core reasoning that supports this view is that DNA testing can prevent unnecessary deaths in cases of those who have been unjustly convicted of crimes. "Stories about innocent individuals convicted of crimes while the actual perpetrators remain at large are becoming increasingly common in U.S. newspapers, magazines, and broadcast outlets." (Weinberg 76) "

Tags:ethics, morals, fairness, justice, privacy, convictions

Abstract
The paper argues that the government should lower the standards on children's toy safety regulations. The paper contends that danger is an inevitable part of the human experience and further, dangerous toys can teach children life lessons on how to deal with everyday dangers. The paper then asserts that the danger of these toys is generally imagined, but even when a toy does cause an injury, it was usually used improperly or without parental supervision. Finally, the paper offers the argument that putting too much focus on one human life detracts from the progress of society as a whole, and therefore, toys that can benefit so many should not be recalled because of the injuries of a few.

From the Paper
"The US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), created in 1972, was given the distinct duty of judging the potential hazards of a given product. Almost 40 years after its creation, the climate of American culture has gone from one of leniency and trust to paranoia and austerity. More media capabilities have created an opportunity for any fearful parent to voice their anxieties worldwide. As news reporting becomes more efficient, space is created for new programs like addressing fantastic and exaggerated topics about freak accidents and "hidden dangers." For these reasons, the American public has been brainwashed into believing that every product is a threat to their family. What they don't realize is that the benefits of allowing dangerous toys to remain on the market far surpass the benefits of recalling toys."

Tags:paranoia, danger, injury, ethics, safety, regulations

Abstract
In this paper, the writer presents an argument, written from the perspective of the acting Director of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), to work towards more effective prevention of global warming. The writer encourages all countries of the world to support all forms of environmental protection. The United States is specifically urged to join the Kyoto Protocol and help combat the environmental destruction caused by the emissions of humanity. The writer emphasizes how global warming is a real issue and we must work to prevent and slow the rate of environmental degradation.

From the Paper
"I strongly encourage all countries of the world to support all forms of environmental protection, including but not limited to pollution control and reduction measures, and the use and research of clean energy. Alongside this general recommendation is one strongly urging the United States of America to join the Kyoto Protocol in its combating of the environmental destruction caused by the emissions of humanity. Through the combined effort of the international community in the fighting of this problem, as will be discussed, the world will be maintained and made a safer place for the children of tomorrow."

Tags:pollution, greenhouse, gases, climate, change, Kyoto, Protocol

Abstract
This paper provides an argument that American health care is sick and the only logical and rational solution is for a single-payer government administered health care overhaul that extends affordable health insurance to all Americans.

From the Paper
"The cost of health care in American society is staggering, the biggest expense related to the budget. Despite the U.S. health care system being rich in resources, more than ... million Americans remain uninsured and millions of others are underinsured or risk financial ruin in the wake of serious illness. There are many reasons why healthcare is so sick in American society, from private insurers dominating coverage to investor-owned care facilities. Failure to provide government health care for all Americans..."

Tags:denied care, HMOs, private sector, death, pre-existing condition, resources, costs, market forces, private insurers

Abstract
This essay takes a look at the physical and emotional consequences of spanking a child. It examines the short-term and long-term effects as well as the harm caused to parents. This essay also examines many alternative methods to disciplining a child.

From the Paper
"Many parents occasionally lose their patience or, in anger or fear, may spank their youngster. For instance, if a child runs out into the street, a parent may sweep the child up and, in a moment of anxiety for the child's well-being, spank her to emphasize the parent's sense of urgency or worry. Spanking may relieve a parent's frustration for the moment and extinguish the undesirable behavior for a brief time. But it is the least effective way to discipline. It is harmful emotionally to both parent and child. Not only can it result in physical harm, but it teaches children that violence is an acceptable way to discipline or express anger. While stopping the behavior temporarily, it does not teach alternative behavior. It also interferes with the development of trust, a sense of security, and effective communication. (Spanking often becomes the method of communication.) It also may cause emotional pain and resentment."

Tags:argumentative, corporal, persuasive, punishment, spanking

Abstract
This essay starts off with a story of a fatal DUI accident in Salt Lake City. It then goes on to state many statistics on alcohol-related crashes and the number of recurring DUI offenders. It cites the negative effects of alcohol when it comes to driving and how the United States is significantly behind others when it comes to enforcing and creating harsher DUI laws. Furthermore, it gives many examples of counter-arguments and why some people are opposed to stricter laws.

From the Paper
"For example, the legal BAC in Sweden is .02, compared with our legal limit of .08. Even in Japan, which also has a stricter BAC of .03, citizens can be, and often are, arrested for driving with as little as a few sips of alcohol in their system. Slovakia and the Czech Republic even surpass the strictness of Sweden or Japan--they have a zero tolerance limit for driving under the influence. There, absolutely no alcohol is allowed in a driver's system--none. Penalties all over the world are also far more severe than those we have in the United States."

Tags:DUI, crashes, cars, BAC, blood, test, MADD

Abstract
By looking at how guns continue to cause increased incidents of homicide, suicide and injury to children, this paper argues for the need to strengthen, not weaken, current gun control laws. Presents classic arguments such as children's exposure to violence, increased crime statistics and family accidental shootings.

From the Paper
"Gun advocates generally play down the link between firearm access and violence. As the NRA likes to say, guns don't kill people, people kill people. They view the laws restricting gun ownership through the lens of self-defense and civil rights. This position, however, fails to address a very real link between the ownership of guns and violence. Even with measures such as the Brady Law and the five-day waiting period in place, firearms continue to play a major role in instances of both criminal and accidental violence."

Tags:violence, brady, death, firearm, shooting, law