Abstract
This paper explains that Argentina enjoys a wide range of natural resources, a highly literacy rate, an export-oriented agricultural sector, and a diversified industrial base; on the other hand, the country has suffered recurring economic problems of inflation, external debt, capital flight, and budget deficits over the past 10 years. The author points out that, unlike the rest of the continent to the north,which lies within the tropics, Argentina lies almost completely within the temperate zone of the Southern Hemisphere. As a result, the country enjoys excellent weather. The paper concludes that, notwithstanding the Argentine government's history of poor economic management practices, it appears things are looking up; investors at home and abroad may look at Argentina in the future if the government can just avoid the same types of mistakes it has consistently made in the past.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Analysis
People/Population
Climate and Geography
Historical Development
Major Development
Social Indicators
Economic Indicators
Recent Economic Performance
Economic Crisis
Economic Ties with the Rest of Latin America
Recovery Strategy Needed
Future of Argentina
Conclusion
The World Bank Group Competitiveness Indicators

From the Paper
"The government efforts to achieve a "zero deficit," to stabilize the banking system, and to restore economic growth proved too little too late and the peso's peg to the dollar was abandoned in January 2002; the peso was floated in February 2002 and the exchange rate plummeted and inflation skyrocketed. By mid-2002, though, the economy had stabilized but at a lower level than previously. A strong demand for the peso caused the Central Bank to intervene in foreign exchange markets to constrain its appreciation in early 2003. Further fueled by precedent-setting export levels, the country's economy began to recover with output up 5.5% in 2003, unemployment falling, and inflation sliced to 4.2% by year-end 2003."

Tags:caudillo, debt, weather, cattle, stabilization

Abstract
This paper discusses and reviews Christina Civantos' 2006 text, "Between Argentines and Arabs: Argentine Orientalism, Arab Immigrants, and the Writing of Identity," which examines the phenomenon of Orientalism specifically in a Latin American context. The paper discusses the content of the book and how Civantos presents her ideas.

From the Paper
"Orientalism was a term coined by the postcolonial theorist Edward Said to describe the reduction of Middle Eastern or East Asian culture to a kind of exotic literary trope. Said discusses this development mainly in relation to European powers and their colonial possessions, but Christina Civantos in her 2006 text Between Argentines and Arabs: Argentine Orientalism, Arab Immigrants, and the Writing of Identity examines the phenomenon of Orientalism specifically in a Latin American context. Argentina was one of the most ethnically diverse societies of Latin America. The debate over colonialism, Nationalism, Orientalism took on a unique character in the country because of its cross-section of identities. European, Indian, and Arabs were all determined to create their unique subjectivity in relation to the nation."

Tags:gaucho, culture, colonialism, identity

Abstract
Focuses on two women: Eve Duarte Person, or "Evita," the wife of President Juan Person and Argentina's most famous woman, and Dona Maria Roldan, a prominent female supporter of Peron and member of the Laborista Party.

From the Paper
"This paper is a discussion of the female ideal in Argentine society in the middle of the twentieth century and the ways in which this ideal was complicated by class issues, focusing on selected quotes from two of that society's more prominent women...."

Abstract
The paper offers some background information on Argentina and outlines the events leading up to its financial crisis. The paper deals with the impact of the Convertibility Plan, the role of the International Monetary Fund and the lessons that can be learned from such a crisis.

Outline:
Introduction
Background Information
Events Leading Up To the Crisis
The Impact of the Convertibility Plan
The Role of the International Monetary Fund
Lessons That Can Be Learned From the Crisis
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The capital, Buenos Aires, is without a doubt South America's most European city, renown for its Tango music and dance. The country has produced a plethora of incredibly talented and influential people that have become icons world-wide, such as: Jose Luis Borges (one of the most critically acclaimed writers of the 20th century); Ernesto Guevara de la Serna, commonly known as Che: (physician, idealist and Marxist revolutionary); Evita Peron (the most powerful and influential woman to surge from South American, arguably for her time the most powerful in the world); Diego Maradonna one of the greatest international soccer players to ever live and two of the greatest tennis players of the game, Guillermo Vilas and David Nalbandian."

Tags:International, Monetary, Fund, Convertibility, Plan, inflation, recession

Abstract
This paper is a discussion, and analysis of the fiscal crisis currently facing Argentina. The author details some of the causes of the current crisis, including defaulting on the debt, the devaluation of the country's peso and political corruption. The affects of the crisis on the region's stability, Argentina's trade relationships with Europe and the United States are also discussed. The turmoil within the country itself is discussed in detail, and the author also offers some creative solutions to the crisis.

From the Paper
"Despite criticism from some nations like Spain, who is heavily affected by Argentina's crisis, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has so far refused to give any more aid to the country. However, many people blame the IMF for loaning "massive" amounts to Argentina earlier in their crisis, along with conditions requiring the country to tighten its fiscal policies. Now, Argentina is unable to repay these outstanding loans. Some of the over 130 million in debt was defaulted on in December, and "Critics say the IMF-imposed reforms have failed to work because they don't take into account the local situation. They argue that the insistence on debt repayment is what's brought Argentina to the brink of collapse" (Editors)"

Tags:economy, debt, peso, devaluation, corruption, europe, united, states, brazil, banking, unemployment, crisis, international, financial, loans, business, political, fiscal

Abstract
This paper explains that Juan Peron made a mark in the history of Argentina as the creator of 'Peronism.' The paper points out that, although his term of office was cut short by his early death from pneumonia, the government of Juan Peron was one of the most progressive in Latin American history in the 20th century, accomplishing such acts as forming trade unions in every industry, establishing universal Social Security, and making education free to all who qualified. The paper concludes that the Peron regime can be considered as a success because the ideals of Peronism are still utilized and applied in many of today's governments around the world.

Table of Contents
Introduction
The Ideals of Peronism
The Peronist Government in the Labor and Social Reforms
The Labor and Social Reform Accomplishments of Juan Peron
Conclusion on Peron's Regime

From the Paper
"Despite the many supporters that Juan Peron had gained at the start of his political career, Peronism was not able to carry all classes in the Argentine society. Particularly the higher classes did not agree with the Peronism government because it burdens the rich citizens
with heavy taxes. The idea of Peronism was viewed as improving the lives of the poor while bringing down the living conditions of the rich."

Tags:progressive, unions, taxes, peronism, ideals

Abstract
This paper explores the outlook of Jose Luis Borges on the role of the writer in his native Argentina. In the paper, he asks what are the Argentine traditions,responding that they are all of Western culture, which he finds alarming. It is clear that Borges is here aligning his home tradition with the values of Western culture, though it also appears that he is elevating Argentinian expression to a higher plane and stating that his people have more right to this tradition than do others.

From the Paper
"Jose Luis Borges considers the role of the writer in his native Argentina. He first asks what are the Argentine traditions and then states, I believe our tradition is all of Western culture, and I also believe we have a right to this tradition, greater than that which the inhabitants of one or another Western nation have . . . For that reason I repeat that we should not be alarmed and that we should feel that our patrimony is the universe; we should essay all themes. . . (Borges 185) It is clear that Borges is here aligning his home tradition with the values of Western culture, though it also appears that he is elevating Argentinian expression to a higher plane and stating that his people have..."

Tags:borges, argentine, writer

Abstract
This paper compares the novels of Calvino's 'Invisible Cities' to Borges' 'The Library of Babel.' It summarizes the stylistic and thematic similarities between the work of the great Argentine, Borges and the postmodern Italian, Calvino. The author illustrates how these writers seeks to emphasize the reader in their stories.

From the Paper
"Striking parallels exist between the work of Italo Calvino and the great Argentine, Jorge Luis Borges. To begin with, both writers, as John Barth deftly summarizes, "wrote in a clear, straightforward, unmannered, but rigorously scrupulous style," (Barth, 2) or, as Mclaughlin put it: "the brevity that encompasses infinity" (Mclaughlin, 108). They preferred the laconic short take, and even Calvino's longer works are "modular and combinatory, built up from smaller, quicker units" (Barth, 2). They were prevailingly disinclined to social/psychological realism, favoring "myth and fable and science in Calvino's case, literary/philosophical history and "the contamination of reality by dream" in Borges' case" (Barth, 2). In keeping with typically postmodern tendencies, "both writers inclined toward the ironic elevation of popular narrative genres," as well as the "ironic recycling of stock images" (Barth, 2-3). Finally, Barth explains how both of these brilliant authors managed to combine in their fiction the values he calls "Algebra" and "Fire," referring to formal ingenuity and passion. Two works that exemplify all of these characteristics are Calvino's Invisible Cities and Borges' The Library of Babel. These two works provide a suitable platform for discussion of some of the most salient themes and formal characteristics associated with these renowned authors."

Tags:Argentine, postmodern, Italian, novels

Abstract
The paper looks at how one country - Argentina - adopted an economic restructuring program advanced by the International Monetary Fund and how this policy approach ill-served the people of Argentina while doing little, if anything, to stop the country's economic woes. The paper considers how the policy prescriptions pressed for by the IMF complicated Argentina's development strategy by forcing it to place unhealthy emphasis upon debt reduction instead of upon human capital development; at the same time, the paper argues that not all of the blame should be shouldered by the IMF or by any other external creditor: the Argentine government proved distressingly short-sighted throughout the 1990s and the government bureaucracy was not exactly a shining example of professionalism and competence. The paper also notes that the development of a currency board in the early 1990s ultimately constrained Argentine monetary policy while dragging the country towards a currency model that fixed the national peso to the US dollar even though doing so would hurt Argentina when the economic swoon of the late 1990s hit. In the final analysis, the paper shows how Argentina is an instructive case study because it shows just what sort of havoc can be wreaked when internal incompetence and reliance upon external capital collide.

From the Paper
"In a twelve-page paper, this writer hopes to explore how International Monetary Fund policies emphasizing austerity measures and a focus on debt reduction (to say nothing of neo-liberal policies seeking to re-order the domestic monetary, fiscal and economic structure of Argentina along conservative lines) have made Argentina's efforts at reinvigorating itself after years of reversals and economic struggles almost impossible. Drawing upon the research of Arthur MacEwan and others, the paper will pore over..."

Tags:argentina, international, debt

Abstract
This paper examines the debt crisis in Argentina - one which helped plunge that nation into a financial crisis in 2001. In so doing, the paper will argue that much of the blame should be laid at the feet of the Argentine governments of the 1980s and early years of this decade. Quite simply, in both cases, government spending was not as measured as it should have been. Furthermore, the decision to not have a hard currency exchange rate in the 1980s ultimately made various things (like the troublesome trade balance) worse than ever. Finally, a willingness on the part of governments to cave into political pressures meant that many necessary policies were never pursued or were abandoned jus as they were showing positive signs. At the same time, though, the IMF should also be criticized because it failed to consider the practicality of its conditional-loans programs and appears to have not sat down with the Argentine government on the eve of the 2001 financial collapse so that some kind of arrangement could be worked out. Ultimately, both parties share in the blame, but it is far too easy to simply attribute everything to the IMF.

From the Paper
"The following paper will look at the debt crisis in Argentina - one which helped plunge that nation into a financial crisis in 2001. In so doing, the paper will argue that much of the blame should be laid at the feet of the Argentine governments of the 1980s and early years of this decade. Quite simply, in both cases, government spending was not as measured as it should have been. Furthermore, the decision to not have a hard currency exchange rate in the 1980s ultimately made various things (like the troublesome trade balance) worse than ever. Finally, a willingness on the part of governments to cave into political pressures meant that many ..."

Tags:South, America, financial, problem