Abstract
The paper discusses how Palladio was informed by the Western, classical tradition of thought which is demonstrated in his style as well as in his subject material. Sinan's biographer, however, relied on a more fluid and poetic Eastern tradition in both description and focus. The paper examines how, influenced by the burgeoning Italian Renaissance of the time, Palladio's treatise is a critical examination of classical architecture. "Memoirs of Sinan," however, represents a holistic examination of the architect's life. The paper reveals that due to the fact that Palladio's text is written in a very familiar style, researchers and students might well have the tendency to focus on it while ignoring the more complex and holistic text about an architect from Turkey.

From the Paper
"To begin with, consider Andrea Palladio and his Four Books of Architecture. Palladio is one of the most famous Western architects. He constructed buildings of many types in Venice and other parts of Italy during his lifetime, 1508-1580. His Four Books on Architecture was printed in Venice in 1570 and describes a variety of aspects of classical architecture, as it was known at the time. Book I examines the preparations necessary for architectural construction as well as materials employed. Book II discusses ancient Greek and Roman private houses. Book III describes public works and civic architecture, while Books IV is specifically devoted to a discussion of ancient Roman temples and places of religious worship."

Tags:Italian, Renaissance, Turkey, construction, holistic, text

Abstract
This paper discusses the basic themes of Greek artistic endeavors, such as individualism, rationalism, and humanism, and analyzes how Greek art, architecture, and literature reflected the society in which they were created.

Abstract
The paper examines the correlation between postmodern literature and postmodern architecture by reviewing three notable postmodern literary works and how their features (principally a disavowal of traditional, historical myth) may be found in three post-modern architectural marvels of today. These two disciplines are at the forefront of a new age of meta-cognition, one that rebuilds the past by de-constructing it.

From the Paper
"There is, perhaps predictably, a strong relationship between postmodern literature and postmodern architecture. One says "predictably" because architects and literary artists are both sculptors and creators and are thus subject to the same broad intellectual fetishes or contretemps. With this in mind, the following paper will examine the correlation between postmodern literature and postmodern architecture by reviewing three notable postmodern literary works and how their features (principally a disavowal of traditional, historical "myth") may be found in three post-modern architectural marvels of today."

Tags:architecture, literature, post, modern

Abstract
The paper looks at Halim Barakat's discussion of Arab culture, where he notes the importance of creative expression and specifically, the importance given to language. The paper relates that he writes, "The word constitutes the most celebrated element not only of literature but also of music, painting, architecture, and even sculpture in certain instances" (206). The paper discusses how this dictum certainly applies to the novel, which is formed of words and which allows for a wide variety of types of expression through words. The paper then shows how some of the novelists mentioned by Barakat show this in their work.

From the Paper
"In his discussion of Arab culture, Halim Barakat notes the importance of creative expression in Arab culture and specifically the importance given to language, and he writes, "The word constitutes the most celebrated element not only of literature but also of music, painting, architecture, and even sculpture in certain instances" (206). This dictum certainly applies to the novel, which is formed of words and which allows for a wide variety of types of expression through words. Some of the novelists mentioned by Barakat show this in their work. Barakat divides the novels he discusses into categories, and one of these categories is novels of compliance, by which he means works addressing..."

Tags:arab, mahfouz, jabra

Abstract
The paper reviews the literature concerning the expression of the beliefs, values and cultural impact of architectural design in the past, present and the future. The paper contends that the cold, lifeless designs of modernist architecture have so depersonalized society that inhabitants subconsciously yearn for a reaffirmation of their natural identity. The paper believes that there must be a sense of well-being restored by providing visual reminders of the wonder of nature, and that will provide a sublime joy. The paper argues that architectural design will be far more visually satisfying if it rejects the knife's sharp edge and reflects nature's gentle bend.

Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Modernist Architecture encumbers the soul with spiritual fatigue and frustration. Art is life and design is its blood. Transfuse society with architecture that reestablishes humanity's spiritual link with nature. Today's vistas are overwhelmed by perfectly sharp edges; Modernist Architecture visually denies our connection to nature. It is not enough to espouse a "green" building; design must align with nature and bring its comfort into our lives once again. Buchanan points out "the uniform conditions of temperature and humidity throughout the day, which are used in many air conditioning systems, not merely waste energy, but do not contribute to comfort. Most people prefer variation in accordance with the changing conditions outdoors" (p. 425)."

Tags:beauty, design, construction

Abstract
This paper consists of a research study focusing on the Dell Computer company, and contends that SOA frameworks increase order transaction velocities, as manufacturers' order management systems are made more efficient through the optimal routing of orders for fulfillment. The paper specifically analyzes whether having an SOA architecture supporting the distributed order management (DOM) workflow at Dell Corporation leads to increased transaction velocities across its manufacturing centers globally. The paper explains that SOA frameworks are adopted primarily to remove barriers from companies' abilities to connect with their customers, better fulfill their orders, and also provide greater levels of service. The paper notes that Dell has found an approach to overcome resistance to change of these programs by giving employees authority and responsibility for the performance of the new systems in each of their departments. The paper concludes that SOA adoption leads to mastery and competency, in addition to a strong sense of ownership, becoming a significant contributor to company operations at Dell.

Table of Contents:
Executive Summary 3
Introduction 4
Literature Review 4
Methodology 13
Analysis 14
Discussion 15
Conclusions 18
Recommendations 19
References 21

From the Paper
"As a result of all these factors, SOA frameworks are increasingly becoming the catalyst for organizations to become more customer-centric than has been the case in the past. When entire SOA frameworks are first able to interlink previously isolated systems and then use these systems' interrelated intelligence to create Web Services that streamline customer-facing strategies and processes, organizations generate greater customer satisfaction and sales as a result. The bottom line is that the steps necessary for creating an SOA framework set in motion the necessary changes within any organization to make it more customer-centric in the long run as well."

Tags:computer, manufacturer, SAP, competitor

Abstract
The purpose of this essay is twofold. One, in regard to Art Spielgelman's "In the Shadow of No Towers", the paper examines the possibility that literature, specifically graphic novels, can provide the critical space necessary to truly digest the tragedy that occurred on 11 September 2001. Two, the paper proposes its own kind of critical space that might also provide the kind of space required for such introspection and critical thought regarding the tragedy.

Tags:9/11, spielgelman, review

Abstract
The Restoration Period (1660), Romantic Period (1786-1837) and the Victorian period (1837-1901) are characterized by distinctive styles which are reflected in the art, architecture and literature of the period. This paper examines literature from these periods to explain the manners, customs and driving forces behind the society of that time and to capture the essence of the society. The paper also highlights the most important changes that took place during the time periods.

From the Paper
"The Victorian Era represents a return to order and materialism. Although there was a return to the principles of organized religion, there was also a movement that sought to critically examine the contents of the Bible. Here is a primary conflict between a desire to return to order and the need to be scientific in this approach. The works of Thomas Carlyle reflected the desire to return to a more ordered classic era and he wrote his works in the style of the epic poems of the classic Greek and Roman periods. The Victorian era represents a desire to return to a more elegant time in every aspect of life from the literary style to the furnishings of the house. It also reflected a decadence and desire to show off the newfound wealth of the era. Carlyle's works were religious satires and were often called heresy by some. However, it would seem as if Carlyle felt that these critics did not truly understand the depth of his work and he continued to write in this style."

Tags:Charles, II, age, of, Reason, Addison, Pope, Henry, Wordsworth, Samuel, Coleridge, Swedenborg, Emily, Bronte, Elizabeth, Barrett, Browning

Abstract
This paper explores examples of High Modernism in art, literature, architecture, and photography, explaining that High Modernism was a term used to describe visual art, music, and literature during the period leading up to World War I and the time immediately afterward. The paper notes that although Modernism was seen as a positive interpretation of the ongoing changes taking place in society, High Modernism was often viewed negatively. The paper adds that High Modernism is the extreme view of Modernism; the extreme end of progress and technology. The paper points out that the most influential artists and writers of this era included Pablo Picasso, Gertrude Stein, Igor Stravinsky, and Frank Lloyd Wright.

From the Paper
"Another distinguishing characteristic of High Modernism is the inclusion of art photography into the world of art. Prior to High Modernism, photography was not seen as a form of art. Instead, photography was used for portraits and recording history. Alfred Stieglitz was one of the most recognized leading photographers during High Modernism. His work combined "sharp focus, fine printing, and subscription to beauty" (Amon Carter Museum 2009). Stieglitz was able to capture the essence and beauty of nature in a moment. His photos were bold and full of contrast. Due to the absence of art photography in previous art eras, Stieglitz stands out in his field as a pioneer."

Tags:art, architecture, photography, Stravinski, Picasso

Abstract
The discovery and the cataloging of the distribution and significance of the Sheela-na-gig and other architectural antiquities through the Irish Ordinance Survey place the interpretation of these sculptures and carvings in an exciting but problematic light. The purpose of this paper, which investigates some of the problematics of the origins of the Sheela-na-gig's, is to flesh out the central aspects of the Celtic heritage of these figures and to provide a basis for more in-depth discussion of various aspects. The focus is the historical heritage and the way in which this debate impacts the interpretation of the meaning and significance of the figures.

Outline
Introduction: The Problem of Historical Heritage
Early Discoveries and the Irish Ordinance Survey
George Petrie: Antiquarianism and Cultural Nationalism
The Importance of Petrie's Influence
Fethard and the Kiltinan Sheela-na-gig
Patterns of Interpretation

From the Paper
"The origins and antecedents of the Sheela-na-gig are steeped in antiquity. One prevailing view is that these figures relate to the pre-Christian or Pagan heritage of Europe. There is also general agreement that the statues can be seen as part of the stratified accumulation of religious history, with the Christian religion as the latest strata or overlay of the religious and pagan history of the region. This would also imply that the transition from pagan to Christian was not strict and clearly demarcated, with the result that many pagan figures and symbols were retained within the Christian context. Joan Marler verifies this point."

Tags:celtic, irish, religion