Abstract This essay discusses the archetype theory of Jung. The writer looks at some of the archetypes Jung proposes. The writer also discusses a book by Carol Pearson on this subject, which expands on six archetypes that she considers important in life: orphan, wanderer, warrior, altruist, innocent, magician.
From the Paper "In his analysis of patients' dreams, Carl Jung recognized that the archetypal images which recurred could also be found in myths, legends and the art of ancient peoples and also in contemporary literature, art and religion. These archetypes help people connect with the Eternal and make mysteries more accessible by providing many images. In religion this is evidenced by the Catholic faith which distinguishes The Father The Son and The Holy Ghost and in Buddhism in which the one Buddha is divisible into then then facets .."
Abstract This paper explores the psychosexual conflict between the hero archetype and feminine archetype in a group of Stevens' poems and underscores how that conflict supplements or surprises customary readings. It focuses on the poet-hero as the central figure of sexual polarity, distinct from biography and contemporary critical approaches, and thus humanizes many abstract stick-figures.
From the Paper "One of the constructive ways to get at the abstractions and ambiguities in the poetry of Wallace Stevens is to reify the diverse speakers of his poems as a single protagonist-an archetype of the poet-and to treat this meta-Stevens as the psychosexual hero of his own poems. Archetypes and archetypal patterns abound in poetry, but it is plain that in Stevens more than in other modern poets the primary conflict beneath the surface of many of his poems is a conflict between male and females archetypes, and the poet-hero's self-protective ambivalence between creation and procreation as competitors. Stevens invites this archetypal reading because the female figures in his work, young and old, are archetypal sketches or women without biographies. To analyze the poet-hero's psychosexual interaction with these figures turns conventional interpretations of Stevens' poetry on their head and uncovers fresh and comprehensible vantage points on his work."
Abstract This paper examines the use archetypes of ghosts and premonitions in Toni Morrison's "Beloved." It shows the influence of Dr. Carl Yung, and how the human psyche is easily manipulated. It explores the context and background of the story and how the use of archetypes plays into the character traits and storyline.
From the paper:
"'Dreaming men are haunted men,' wrote Stephen St. Vincent Benet, and the characters in Toni Morrison's 'Beloved' might well agree with the poet's statement. Of course, most of us are dreamers, and we therefore might well posit that we are haunted by dreams. What sets each of us apart is the things we dream about ? and so the things that we are haunted by. Our dreams ? our hauntings ? are specific to our own lives, our own experiences. But they may also be far more general than we suppose them to be, the result of what psychologist Carl Jung would call archetypes, a term made generally popular by Joseph Campbell in his exploration of commonalities that he discovered in the myths, religions, and arts of what are in many ways widely divergent cultures."
Abstract The paper relates that Carl Jung might observe that Shakespeare's characters are not simply complex and psychologically multifaceted; they are also timeless archetypes. According to the paper, Jungian archetypes are general, universal stereotypes that reflect all of human consciousness and experience. The paper examines Shakespeare's use of archetypical characters in "Hamlet" by analyzing the characters of Gertrude, Polonius, Ophelia, Laertes, Claudius, Fortinbras and Hamlet.
From the Paper "It has become a cliche that William Shakespeare is a timeless playwright. His stories are still read and performed today. But why is this the case, given that his plotlines are often quite simple, and authored by others, long before Shakespeare put pen to paper (such as "Romeo and Juliet" and "Julius Caesar"). His plays themselves have become so familiar there is no longer any suspense as to whether Claudius 'really' killed Old Hamlet. The reason for Shakespeare's durability is his complex, yet seemingly universally identifiable characters. The pioneer of psychoanalysis and the theorist of the collective unconsciousness Carl Jung might observe that Shakespeare's characters are not simply complex and psychologically multifaceted; they are also timeless archetypes."
Abstract This paper explores the application of the archetype through an examination of the character of Heathcliff from Emily Bronte's novel, "Wuthering Heights". In doing so, it is demonstrated that Heathcliff manifests many of the potentials for significance that connect him with a specific archetype, that of "the shadow". This connection is achieved through comparing and contrasting the character traits of Heathcliff against the book "Owning Your Own Shadow"
Abstract This paper delves into Carl Gustav Jung's creation of the archetype and its significance to psychology and literature. It compares Jung's ideas to those of Freud, Northrop Frye and Umberto Eco. Also, primary and secondary sources are used to show the importance of the archetype and its relationship to myths and symbols.
From the Paper "In the world of psychology, Carl Gustav Jung is known to have introduced some truly groundbreaking ideas about the nature of the unconscious. These ideas have become integral to the history of literary criticism as well. Interestingly, this legendary figure was once a part of Sigmund Freud's school of psychoanalysis (Richter 504). However, Jung eventually distanced himself from Freud's ideas and began what he called the field of analytic psychology (different from Freud's psychoanalytic theory) (Richter 504). With analytic psychology, Jung was able to explore different possibilities about the human unconscious that he otherwise couldn't have under Freud's tutelage; most notably, his idea of the archetypes found in the collective unconscious. It so happens that Jung's distinctive ideas have given rise to a wider range of psychological possibilities and ideas for one to consider, which ultimately aids in the quest for truth."
Abstract This paper studies John Lennon, the former Beatles, from the perspective of the twelve archetypes outlined in the book "Awakening the Heroes Within" by Carol Pearson. By tracing the musician's life story -- from his humble beginnings as an orphan through his meteoric rise as a Beatles to his disillusion with fame -- the paper illuminates how Lennon embodied each of the archetypes at different points in his life. However, the author concludes that Lennon was most predominantly the "warrior" type. As the author says, Lennon's personal and professional life caused him a pain so deep that he either had to succumb to the pain or overcome it. By choosing to overcome it, he became a warrior.
From the Paper "Before his life had even begun, John had been deserted twice, both times by his own parents. This factor in itself would create an overwhelming tendency for most of us to develop our "innocent" archetypes. An innocent archetype wants to remain in a safe place or situation and has an overwhelming fear of being abandoned. But in John's case, these early childhood experiences seemed to have toughened him up and prepared him for the future failures and fame he was to experience."
Abstract This paper analyzes the "trickster" archetype and its traits and function in African, Native-American and Christian mythologies. The paper discusses the important role played by the trickster in these three cultures and includes a discussion on the polarity of the trickster as well as Carl Jung's archetype theory.
From the Paper "An archetype is an original model on which something is patterned or based. As used by Carl Jung, an archetype is a prototype for ideas which are useful in interpreting observed phenomena. Archetypes includes such symbols as the hero the superman, the wise old man and the trickster. It is the trickster archetype that is the focus of this research. In the history of mankind the trickster is a significant archetype in nearly all cultures from African and Hispanic to Native American and Christian..."
From the Paper "Jean Bolen's archetypes are created from mythology which means that they have names and descriptions and each person can pick or choose which description fits his or her personality style, whereas Jung's archetypes are dark and shadowy or deep within the recesses of the mind. "
This paper discusses medieval female archetypes as represented in three stories: Don Juan Manuel's "El Conde Lucanor", M. D?bax's "Romance de Gerineldo y la Infantia", and Fernando de Rojas's "La Celestina".
1,110 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, 2004, $ 38.95
Abstract This paper explains that medieval women were rather powerful and revered members of the community and identifies a number of archetypes: mother, wife, home builder, Lady (of the Knight), maiden, goddess, and temptress. The author points out that wives of knights and nobles were given powers similar to those of the men in their families, especially if the women had been placed in charge, in times of war. The paper relates that not all women were treated as equals, as presented in "El Conde Lucanor" where, in this story, the woman is very much the man's servant.
From the Paper "What female archetypes appear in "La Celestina"? This play, by Fernando de Rojas, deals with the eternal themes of forbidden love, honor, and death. There are many female archetypes present in this play: in Elicia and Parmeno, and in we have examples of women as temptresses, as they tempt their co-servants, Sempronio and Areusa, to sleep with them. The dialogue between, and surrounding, these couples, is written in such a way that we, as readers, are forced to enter in to the belief that the men could not help but be seduced, at the hands of these "evil" temptresses."
Abstract This paper examines the "Collected Poems of Wallace Stevens", America poet. The paper shows that desire and desired denied in this work may be interpreted through the archetypal psychology of Carl Jung to disclose the reason for Stevens' preference for places over people and to explain his ambivalence toward the abstract feminine figures in his poems.
From the Paper "Feminine archetypes reconstruct the distant attitudes in Stevens' poetry by figuring-forth embedded emotions. First, they provide an archetypal perspective on individual poems. Second, they illustrate how, ranging from Harmonium (1923) to The Rock (1954), clusters of motifs influence the poet-hero's psychic development. Although their appearances change to fit their ambiguous roles, these singular feminine figures determine the poet-hero's canon-long struggle to achieve a regulated unity of self. Two categories need to be distinguished: (a) feminine figures and (b) the interior paramour. Their protean capability makes scrupulous demarcations between exterior feminine figures impossible, but three forms or combinations prevail: the summer maiden (Kore or lover), the universal mother or earth mother, and the maiden-mother (an overlapping maid and mother figure). The interior paramour represents a climax to the poet-hero's experience with exterior feminine figures."
Abstract This paper thoroughly highlights and analyzes the mythic archetypes present in the Greek tragic play, "Antigone" by Sophocles. The specific dramatic function of each of the play's primary characters (Antigone, Ismene, Haemon, Creon and the Chorus of Theban Edlers) is explained and affirmed by the works of Joseph Campbell and Christopher Vogler.
From the Paper "As the play evolves, Antigone is faithful to the pillars of the ideal heroine; she devotedly follows the call of her inner herald and strays not once from her absolute ideals, which include a staunch obedience to the ideas of faith and loyalty. She sacrifices her reputation, royal inheritance, and her earthly life so that she may remain steadfast in her beliefs, demonstrating her character's extraordinary illustration of the very word hero: "someone who is willing to sacrifice his own needs on behalf of others [or righteous ideas]" (Vogler 35). Antigone's priorities represent the universal ideal of familial loyalty; her devotion to them further affirms her role as heroine (Vogler 36)."
Abstract Myths often speak of archetypes in terms of prototypes. Rather, we inherit it to the extent we inherit our humanity; we inherit it through the form...the archetypical beginnings described in creation myths are absolute and essential. Rather, it is the search for the Archetypes - the metaphorical origins. Archetypes and their attendant metaphors are the initial points. Archetypes contain 'essences' or inherent qualities. Sproul's discussion engages in these qualities which are essential, 'at the core' and 'deep within'. Archetypes are timeless. Archetypes are developmentally simple.
Abstract This paper describes three stories and how the Jungian archetype influences the story. The paper first discusses the Walt Disney movie, "Song of the South", explaining how the Jungian father archetype can be found in the story because there is an absent father that is replaced by another father figure. Next the paper discusses the European children's tale, "Max and Moritz" which is a cautionary tale about what happens to children that grow up without a father. Lastly, the paper discusses the story of "Cinderella", explaining that it is representative of the the father-as-lover archetype.
From the Paper "Historically, children's literature has always had a place in our lives. No matter how old we grow, we can relate many of our adult observations to the tales of our childhood. Having been fortunate to grow up in a family from two different cultures, I heard tales from old Europe from my Mother, and the rich tales of the southeastern United States from my Father. In considering Jung's theory of the archetype, there are three tales that come to mind. First, the movie "Song of The South", which tells stories of the South that my grandfather grew up in. Second, the tale of Max and Moritz, a cautionary tale for children told throughout Europe for hundreds of years. Finally, the classic "Cinderella" which, thanks to Disney, has become a favorite of all children born in the US in the last fifty years. These three tales all demonstrate the father archetype that Jung describes in "The Personal and the Collective Unconscious." These tales are classic examples of stories that appear in a variety of cultures, and all share a common thread- the absent father. Jung would have told us that the unconscious desire for someone to fill the archetypal role of father is at the root of all these tales. The absence of father theme in these three stories will show the human need for the archetypical father figure as nurturer, disciplinarian, and as lover."
Abstract The paper discusses Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "Kubla Khan" and Charlotte Bronte's novel "Jane Eyre" and highlights how ideas of the masculine and feminine are used to help create meaning. This paper describes these two works and their use of the feminine archetype. In "Jane Eyre," ideas of masculinity and femininity are used to show that individuals are made up of both feminine and masculine traits. A similar use of the feminine archetype is seen in "Kubla Khan" where the opposites of the feminine and masculine archetype are used to represent good and evil.
From the Paper "The poem "Kubla Khan" is about a vision of heaven on earth. The poet imagines this heaven on earth, but on creating it on earth it is seen that it can never be a true paradise. The problem is that there are forces of evil on earth that alter the paradise and make it less than all good. In this way, the paradise can only ever be a dream and can never be realized. While the dream is the subject of the poem, it is also saying a lot about the nature of reality and life on earth. It is showing that there exists both good and evil and that these must remain in balance. The feminine archetype is used as a way of representing the two opposites that have to be in balance, where the feminine archetype must be balanced with the masculine archetype. In the vision of the poem, this balance is not present and the world presented is strongly female. At the same time, the female archetype represents everything that is good. However, in reality the world is strongly masculine, which is why heaven cannot exist on earth."
