Abstract
Created millions of years of ago through geologic action, the Ogallala aquifer is a vast underground reservoir that runs west of the Mississippi River and east of the Rocky Mountains. This paper examines the evolution and deposition of the aquifer and discusses problems facing it today.

From the Paper
"The main concern for the Ogallala is the fact that the aquifer has been cut off from most of its natural recharging sources (Ogallala pp). The Rocky Mountains have not supplied the aquifer for more than a thousand years, and the High Plains climate today is classified as semi-arid, receiving only fifteen to twenty inches of rainfall annually, most of which is subject to a high rate of evaporation due to the dry air and high winds (Ogallala pp). Moreover, many of the rivers, such as the Platte, Canadian, and Arkansas, actually drain the aquifer since they have water tables below that of the aquifer (Ogallala pp)."

Tags:Miocene, debris, Pliocene, Rita, Blanca

Abstract
According to the City of Brooksville 2006 Water Quality Report of the City of Brooksville Florida, water sources are deep wells drawing from the Floridan Aquifer. "The water is aerated, chlorinated for disinfection purposes and fluoride is added to promote dental health" (2006 Water Quality, 2006, p. 1). The City routinely monitors the drinking water for contaminants according to State and Federal rules, laws, and regulations. Sources of both tap and bottled water include "rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells" (2006 Water Quality, 2006, p. 4). The water dissolves naturally occurring minerals as it travels over the surface of the land, including radioactive material, and may also pick up substances from animal or human activity. The City of Brooksville's disinfection process mentioned above, controls microbes and any contamination, which may result (2006 Water Quality, 2006).

From the Paper
Running Head: BROOKSVILLE, FLORIDA Environmental Health Water and Sewage According to the City of Brooksville 2006 Water Quality Report of the City of Brooksville Florida, water sources are deep wells drawing from the Floridan Aquifer. "The water is aerated, chlorinated for disinfection purposes and fluoride is added to promote dental health" (2006 Water Quality, 2006, p. 1). The City routinely monitors the drinking water for contaminants according to State and Federal rules, laws, and regulations. Sources of both tap and bottled water include "rivers, lakes, streams,

Tags:florida, health, community

Abstract
The paper explains how the hydrologic cycle is fundamental for the overall health of the environment and the quality of the earth's water supplies. The paper then discusses the situation in Florida and emphasizes the importance of taking steps to conserve the water resources that are available, protecting the quality of Florida's aquifers and practicing good waste management techniques. The paper provides a glossary that contains key definitions for some of the terms important in the study of water management issues both in Florida and throughout the world.

Outline:
Introduction: The Hydrologic Cycle
Issues in Water Management
The Situation and Circumstances in Florida
Steps to Better Manage the Water Supply
Glossary

From the Paper
"The hydrologic cycle is the process by which water moves through the environment. Surface water evaporates or transpires from surface collections and plants to condense in the atmosphere as clouds. Those clouds release precipitation that falls back to the Earth. Some of that water percolates through the surface and charges underground deposits of water. The hydrologic cycle consists of the passage of water through the environment in different states in response to environmental conditions. The hydrologic cycle includes processes such as storage as ice/snow, precipitation, infiltration, ground water storage, ocean storage, evaporation, condensation, evapo-transpiration, surface runoff, springs, and sublimation (Cervone, "Florida Aquifers"; "Hydrologic Cycle"; Perlman)."

Tags:aquifers, limescale, hydrologic, cycle, waste, management, pollution

Abstract
This paper explains that urban sprawl and the ever increasing population of the United States is causing one million acres of farmland to be paved over each year in order to build roads. The author points out that the American Farmland Trust (ATF) has been instrumental in developing many policies that that focus on farmland protection and local food systems. The paper relates that paving causes the urban heat island effect (UHI), which occurs when a metropolitan area is significantly warmer than its surroundings. The author underscores that paving impacts the natural seepage of rainwater at the soil surface and creates more soil erosion. The paper states that paving reduces the total area through which the soil absorbs rainwater causing more flooding and decreasing the amount of water in natural aquifers.

From the Paper
"Soil erosion is the gradual wearing away of land surface materials, especially rocks, sediments, and soils, by the action of water, wind, or a glacier. Erosion also involves the transport of eroded material from one place to another, as from the top of a mountain to an adjacent valley, or from the upstream portion of a river to the downstream portion. Soil erosion can cause the top soil to be removed from farmlands which has the nutrients for the crops to grow. Also erosion can cause stream and ditch bank erosion which can result in the undermining of structures such as bridges or roads."

Tags:undermining farmland aquifers, urban sprawl, heat island effect

Abstract
The paper relates that Canada is blessed with a relatively plentiful amount of fresh water and, as fresh-water reservoirs and aquifers around the world become over-burdened and/or begin to dry up, Canada will find itself in a powerful position because of its abundant water resources - though it should be cautioned that these resources are not as abundant as some might claim. Nonetheless, the paper discusses how because fresh water is essential to human life, water might well prove to be as important - if not more important - than oil is now. Ultimately, the paper argues that the nation of Canada could be a major international player in the control and management of water and could leverage this power into other forms of power, too (such as diplomatic power or economic power). The paper concludes, however, that Canada does have plenty of challenges before any of that happens.

From the Paper
"The following paper will argue that Canada will be a major water supplier in the twenty-first century - but not necessarily the global super-power in this regard. Nonetheless, the nation is blessed with a relatively plentiful amount of fresh water and, as fresh-water reservoirs and aquifers around the world become over-burdened and/or begin to dry up, Canada will find itself in a powerful position because of its abundant water resources - though it should be cautioned that these resources are not as abundant as some might claim. Nonetheless, because fresh water is essential to human life, water might well prove to be as important - if..."

Tags:global, water, super, power

Abstract
In 1989 it was discovered that a Uniroyal Chemical Company plant was discharging toxic effluent into Canagagigue Creek and local aquifers. This paper examines the development of the plant, the development of the toxic threat and its consequences.

Abstract
This paper examines how the permeability of soil affects soil and rock parameters. The author explains porosity in soil and discusses how the ratio or air, water and clay in soil affect its parameters. The paper defines several soil types and discusses the characteristics of each soil classification. The paper also examines external and human factors that can alter the characteristic of soil. The paper then discusses aquifers and ground water and explains how this information, when used with a good knowledge of soil porosity and permeability, can be a great tool for having and maintaining an adequate amount of water for people. Figures are included in this paper.

From the Paper
"Consequently, identifying the presence of these two regions containing soils that can readily retain moisture is extremely significant. This is because this data is imperative for the purposes of not only measuring the moisture capacity of the soil itself but in assessing accurately the potentiality for leaching through the addition of agricultural chemicals added."

Tags:geotechnical engineering, water management

Abstract
This paper focuses on the state of Arizona's water resources and offers projected analysis for the upcoming years. The paper explains that Arizona's water supply comes from the Colorado River, which is fed by melted snow runoff. However, the paper notes, runoff levels have been low in recent years, and if they do not rebound soon, a shortage declaration will be forthcoming in the next several years. The paper explores water usage and culture, as it relates to the looming water crisis, and supports the thesis that American consumerism and reckless conservation practices are the key factors that will ultimately lead to the demise of Arizona's water table. This paper concludes that cultural issues are not at the heart of the problem, and that Arizona citizens are aware and willing to do their part to curtail the future water shortage.

Outline:
Understanding the Arizona Water Supply
How Bad Could It Be?
Cultural Factors
What Can Be Done?
Works Cited

From the Paper
" Natural conditions that affect the water table combined with a culture that takes their precious water supply for granted spell disaster in the near future. Arizona culture is carefree and relaxed, living the high life in a land of plenty. If every person could see the need to do everything that they can to conserve water, the problem could at least be reduced. However, individual citizens are not accustomed to conservation methods. Therefore, governmental agencies and water management agencies must take measures to ensure that Arizona's water supply is secure."

Tags:shortage, rationing, supply, aquifer, dam, lake

Abstract
This paper provides an analysis of "Cadillac Desert", by Marc Reisner. It incorporates ideas of environmental justice, social justice. It explores the purpose of the book, which is to show the historical mismanagement of water in the American West. The author also addresses the issue of the scarcity of water.

From the Paper
"John Wesley Powell was an early visionary regarding the ecology of the American West. He believed that cities should not be built in deserts and that the only development that should take place in an area was that which could be ..."

Tags:desertification, water, Olgalala aquifer, dam construction, environmentalists, development

Abstract
A summary of an international issue, the water shortage in the Middle East, focusing on the drying up of the Jordan River and some projects proposed to help address it.

From the Paper
"A critical issue in the Middle East is a shortage of water that is drying up and polluting the region's waterways. The River Jordan in particular has lost over ... of the billion cubic meters of water that used to flow through it every year in its strategic location linking the Sea of Galilee with the Dead Sea.
"Shortage of water drains life from biblical river: According to Gidon Bromberg, Israeli director of Friends of the Earth: Middle East, "Sadly...""

Tags:Jordan River, Middle East, water shortage, dam, canal, aquifer