Abstract This paper takes a look at 'America's Anxious Class' by Robert Reich. According to the paper, as secretary of labor during Clinton's administration, Reich focused on the relation of the government's economic party to the nation's economic health. The paper reports that it was his opinion that the nation should develop industrial policies designed for the nation as a whole rather than interest groups. The paper goes on to talk about the struggles of the American middle class.
From the Paper "Secondly, the job growth was very slow after the Second World War and the wages became flat. "In inflation-adjusted terms, family incomes did not rise in any single year between 2000 and 2004. Almost all groups saw either declines or flat incomes during this period, with two small exceptions: High income families and Hispanic families saw minimal income increases from 2003 to 2004. But the overall declines from 2000 and 2004 were larger for minority families and lower income earners than for their higher-earning counterparts. For instance, from 2000, the last full year of the last business cycle until 2005, the inflation-adjusted incomes of black families declined by 8.2 percent, and those of Hispanic families dropped by 4.3 percent. White families saw their inflation-adjusted earnings drop by 2.5 percent over the same period. Low income families' earnings declined by 7.5 percent compared to a decrease of 3.3 percent for middle income families. In fact, the decline after 2000 for low income families was large enough to erase almost all income gains made by low-income families from 1989 to 2000" (Middle Class in Turmoil)."
Tags: wealthy, citizens, education, elite, suburbs, middle, class
Abstract The paper examines how Kathleen M. Brown's work "Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs" reevaluated the development of racism and slavery in colonial Virginia from the perspective of gender. The paper then shows how this book did much to strengthen the arguments presented in Edward Countryman's collection of articles concerning slavery in colonial America, entitled "How Did American Slavery Begin?". The paper asserts that although frequently verbose and sometimes unfocused, "Good Wives" as a whole did much to supplement the readings found in Countryman's explication of how slavery became institutionalized in colonial America.
From the Paper "In keeping with the trend of revisionist historians who aimed to write women into key roles in history, Kathleen M. Brown's work with Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs reevaluated the development of racism and slavery in colonial Virginia from the perspective of gender. The book, divided into three parts, provided extensive information regarding the role of gender in shaping race and class relations in colonial Virginia. The bulk of the information regarding gender's involvement in the development of racism could be found in the second section of the book, "Engendering Racial Difference." The central argument of this section was that elite white men used discrepancies between gender roles of white women and African American women to deepen the disparity between the two races and thereby validate both social disdain and legal sanctioning against African Americans as a whole."
Abstract This study utilized Rapee's (2001) model for the development of anxiety, in order to test whether there are factors, which protect children against anxiety. The study specifically suggests that anxious children should have a withdrawn and negative reactivity temperament, having experienced more negative life events than non anxious children and in response to these events, implementing an avoidant coping style. The study was conducted on 143 mother and child pairs. The study uses self-report questionnaires for both the mother and the child and the participants were instructed to complete these anonymously. The data obtained suggests that temperament is not a salient construct in regard to anxiety, with there being no significant differences in temperamental behaviour between high and low anxious children. The study also found that there was evidence of both negative life events and an avoidant coping style in highly anxious children.
From the Paper "Anxiety is suggested to be the most common form of psychopathology in children, affecting around 10% of the population and is often severe enough to "interfere in daily functioning" (Spence, 1998 p 545; Rapee, 2002). Due to the debilitating effects of anxiety, it is important to identify the factors, which may increase a person's vulnerability to developing an anxiety disorder."
Tags: events, life, negative, temperament, parent, school
Abstract From time to time, everyone feels a little anxious when they need to talk in front of people. However, some people are so anxious that it hinders them greatly. A person sits in front of the telephone and agonizes because she's afraid to pick up the receiver and make a call, a man finds it difficult to walk down the street because he is self-conscious and feels that people are watching from their windows. By explaining what social anxiety is, where it possibly comes from, and how we can treat it, this paper presents a better understanding of the people who are shy and why they act the way they act.
From the Paper "Shy people, particularly if they are interacting with a socially confident person, anxiously focus on themselves rather on the person or the conversation. The outcome of this is that they usually forget what they were talking about. Shy individuals report more negative thoughts about themselves in social interactions, seeing themselves as inhibited, awkward, unfriendly and incompetent, particularly with people whom they are sexually attracted to. Ten to twenty percent of shy individuals may also lack basic social skills. This may mean that they don?t know what to say or do, how to do so, and when best to respond. Ratings have shown that some shy individuals talk less, initiate fewer topics of conversation, touch themselves nervously and show fewer facial expressions."
Tags: anxiety, disorder, focus, phobia, self, shyness, social
Abstract This paper is a sample memo written to an immediate supervisor named Rhoda Waters. Rhoda has raised the possibility of switching from a chase demand strategy to a level-capacity strategy for aggregate planning. The memo will delineate the merits of one versus the other. The second part of the paper is a sample memo to Yvonne Williams. Yvonne Williams is the new boss at the company for which I work. She is very anxious to use her training in the concept of 'Just in Time Systems.' She has proposed implementing such a system in my operation. In keeping the 'Just in Time' idea, Yvonne suggests that rather than preventive maintenance, I concentrate on Just in Time Repairs. Write a short memo explaining why having a good preventive maintenance program in place is necessary prior to implementing a Just in Time system.
Abstract Although everyone experiences anxiety to some degree, for some people anxious feelings are all too familiar and intense, and pose a significant barrier to leading a normal life. Those who suffer in this way are said to have one form or another of 'anxiety disorder'. Precise definitions in regard to this disorder are sometimes difficult to determine, given the normality of a certain amount of anxiety in everyone's lives, and the way that anxiety disorders sometimes blend together with other psychological problems. Different types of anxiety disorders are examined and their causes. In concluding the paper treatment options are discussed.
Abstract This paper looks at a number of social, political, military, and economic factors that played a role in the Italian decision to invade Ethiopia. From a military point of view, it was located between two coastal Italian colonies, Eritrea and Somalia, which could offer convenient bases from which to launch an invasion. Economic considerations included the unavoidable fact that Ethiopia's very existence limited the Italians from effectively developing, expanding, and profiting fully from their colonial territories in the region. Furthermore, Ethiopia was the only African state to have avoided European colonization, the last prize left for the taking, and the Italians were anxious to take it before some other power was tempted to meddle in an area of Africa that they considered to be under their sphere of influence.
Abstract This paper discusses the claim that something other than his father's tragic murder is the source of Hamlet's distress and the cause for his probing meditations throughout the play. Why does this other experience, awareness, or character affect Hamlet so powerfully? Mostly, it is believed that Hamlet's father's tragic murder is the source of his distress and the cause for his probing meditation throughout the play, but, for my part, that is not the actual reason. No doubt, his father's tragic murder was a strong reason causing his abysmal grief and agony, but, in fact, there were other causes that contributed more toward making Hamlet a totally distressed and anxious man throughout the play.
From the Paper "The women are a major source of Hamlet's grief and despair, and as such, they turn out to be the scapegoats allowing Hamlet to conceal his own resentment and fury at himself for allowing his father to die, and not living up to his own potential. He sees his mother living an outwardly happy life after his father is murdered, and this is a good deal for him to take, as another critic notes."
Abstract This paper examines how communication is an integral part of our everyday lives and how humans need communication to express thoughts, feelings, and emotions to each other. It shows how social anxiety can affect communication, cognition, social performance, and self-esteem. It looks at several studies that have been conducted to reduce anxiety among socially anxious people and discusses the treatment options used to alleviate anxiety.
From the Paper "To a greater extent, Marshall and colleagues (1992) used term flooding instead of systematic desensitization. They attempted to streamline training by eliminating systematic desensitization and extending the practice component to a more "flooding like" treatment (Marshall et al, 1992). In this treatment, flooding subject was required to speak before a group for as long as necessary to reduce anxiety. Anxiety reduction was defined in terms of any behavioral signs of distress and a self-reported anxiety state (Marshall et al, 1992). If the subject indicated they were no longer anxious, but the therapist noticed some persisting signs such as stuttering or nervousness in the voice, the subject was asked to continue until all the signs were absent (Marshall et al, 1992)."
Abstract This paper examines how the next conflict in the Middle East may be over water, not oil. It discusses how, with fast-growing populations to feed, Middle Eastern countries are looking anxiously at where they will find the water for agriculture and industry. It looks at how the water problem has come, in the recent years, to the forefront in the relations among the countries of the Middle East and occupies an important place on the agenda of several international organizations.
Outline
The General Situation
Turkey vs. Syria and Iraq
Israel vs. Lebanon
Conclusion
From the Paper "A 1998 conflict over water nearly resulted in war. Syria was upset over a Turkish scheme to build a string of dams cross the Upper Euphrates as part of its South East Anatolia Project, which was depriving Syria of water on which its agriculture so heavily depends. The Syrians complained not only about the quantities released but also the quality. The series of dams built by Turkey upstream on the Euphrates means that the water reaching Syria had been used several times for irrigation, thus increasing salinity and harming crops, as well as causing erosion on the banks since it ran faster after being deprived of silt."
Tags: syria, turkey, lebenon, israel, euphrates, agriculture, industry
Abstract This paper explains that the emotional condition of the individual social worker can be understood as being directly related to the professional's job satisfaction, which is no longer understood to result from a monetarily successful practice or other extrinsic factors that affect the social worker. The author points out that the nature of human service occupations often attracts people who are empathetic, sensitive, and tend to be people-oriented, but also who are anxious, introverted, and overenthusiastic. The paper reports that the cross-design research will break the surveyed population into groups by age and gender demographics and will attempt to identify common experiences, factors, and perceptions, which affect the appearance of burnout in the professional's career path.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Research Methods
Part One
Part Two
Sampling Plan
Measurement Variables
From the Paper "Burnout, on the other hand, is defined as a negative psychological experience that is a reaction of workers to job-related stress. Burnout refers to a cluster of physical, emotional, and interactional symptoms, including but not limited to emotional exhaustion, a sense of lacking personal accomplishment. This condition often results in the professional depersonalizing clients their clients, and detaching from the lists of emotional and psycho-social needs which clients bring into their office each day. Burnout symptoms also can include physical symptoms, emotional exhaustion, depression, or other serious emotional dysfunction. Recurrent bouts of flu, headaches, fatigue, poor self-esteem, difficulty in interpersonal relationships, substance abuse, inability to concentrate, rigidity, and tendency to blame clients for their problems can appear singularly, or in combination as evidence of burnout."
Abstract Pearl appears in many parts of "Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant" as a typical older person, anxious, denying the loss of faculties, re-examining the past, assessing her children, and so on. This paper examines to what degree they were always part of Pearl's make-up, already evident in earlier periods of her life, in her youth, or single-motherhood stages. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper "The debate over nature versus nurture has raged for many years, with the "nature" crowd arguing that people are born ready-made and the "nurture" advocates suggesting that people learn to become what they are. This debate is particularly appropriate in determining whether Pearl Tull had always been born the way she was, fully possessed of the qualities and traits that would later define her life. This analysis is assisted since the story is presented from a retrospective point of view from the outset, supplemented by insightful reflections and poignant vignettes from Pearl's past to reinforce her regrets."
Abstract Long before the events of September 11th made Islam a topic of debate in the Presidential elections and Arabic one of the 'must learn' languages for college graduates wishing to study international relations or enter the military, Martin Lings wrote a book upon the life of the prophet who founded the third major religious tradition of the modern world, after Judaism and Christianity in chronological fashion. This paper shows how Lings bases his book upon early sources. Although his biography evolves in a story-like fashion, told in modern English, he is anxious at all times to cross-reference all of his sources with early and contemporary accounts of the leader, as well as provide a modern coherence and 'gloss' upon the chronology of Muhammad's life for Western readers. The paper, in particular, discusses the locations Medina and Mecca in Lings' book.
From the Paper "The spiritual power of this pilgrimage should not be underestimated. It has affected the spiritual development of many Muslims up to this present day. Malcolm X, shortly before his death in 1964, said that the pilgrimage to Mecca in Arabia helped him see that Caucasian individuals could be good, as he worshiped with blue-eyed and blond haired Muslims, Arabs, and Africans. Mecca has become the holy site of Islam, although historically Medina is equally important, as it provided a consolidating base to generate followers, solidify his political following of authority and leadership, and to rally support against his opposition in his home city of Mecca."
Abstract This paper explains that "A Hope in the Unseen" by Ron Suskind is the story of Cedric Jennings, a student at an inner-city factory Ballou Senior High in Washington, D.C., and his ambitious move from Ballou to the Ivy League. The author makes it quite clear that academic success among inner city kids is so rare that, when it happens, the others resent it, which makes teens like Cedric true outsiders, as if somehow he is betraying the rest of his peers. This paper states that what needs to be answered is whether Cedric is truly exceptional, whether his story is one in a million or whether, given the chance, there are many more like him, anxious to prove themselves not by the color of their skin but by their persistence and determination to pull themselves up and make a life for themselves.
From the Paper "One aspect of Cedric's fear is made quite clear: he has never been around white kids a lot. When he tells his teacher, Mr. Taylor, that he is going to Brown, Taylor is less than enthusiastic. "I'm not sure I would have selected an Ivy League school...You're going to be up there with a lot of very smart white kids, and if you're not sure of who you are, you could get eaten up alive....It's not just at the Ivies. It can happen at any of the good colleges where a young black man who hasn't spent a lot of time with whites, suddenly finds himself among almost all whites. You can feel lost." One wonders whether his teacher is really preparing him for potential problems, or whether (as a Holy Cross graduate and not an Ivy Leaguer) he is slightly resentful of a possibility that he was not permitted to exercise."
Abstract This research paper presents evidence that corroborates the author's claim that infancy is the most critical life cycle developmental phase. The paper discusses the window for the formation of healthy attachment relationships. The paper references the works of Bowlby, Ainsworth, Erikson and others to help support this claim.
From the Paper "The human life cycle model provides a significant tool for understanding of both the vulnerabilities and the potentialities for development in adults, children and infants. Human development during infancy is not a uniform..."
Tags: development, human behavior, anxious, avoidant, secure, dismissing, parenting, caregivers, Freud, love relationships, psychology
