Abstract
This paper offers research that examines Australia's policies and practices for dealing with terrorism. The paper explains that over the course of the second half of the 20th century, terrorism has become a method of choice for political orientation by armed groups airing grievances over territory and governmental determination. The paper discusses the attacks of September 11th, 2001, in New York City and Washington, DC, and the bombing of the Bali nightclub on October 12, 2002, and how these attacks changed the policies of the affected nations. The paper concludes that though Australia's bilateral engagement of its neighbors has produced a positive diplomatic atmosphere, it will be necessary for the new generation of Australia's foreign policy leaders to dramatically alter the conservative and pandering relationship that the Howard administration had developed with the United States. Furthermore, the paper adds, though the U.S. remains a valuable ally to Australia, its recent policy misappropriations should be considered cautionary rather than exemplary to the development of Australian policy.

From the Paper
"Failure and success of counter-terrorism policies are difficult to gauge, especially in the short run. However, it would be fair to mark Australia's policy of bilateral engagement with regional partners to be a successful deconstruction of the U.S. approach of unilateralism. Nonetheless, the support which Howard placed behind Bush for a war policy in Iraq that is most certainly a failed one has tainted the whole of the Howard administration's foreign policy legacy, leaving Australia deeply implicated in a qualified quagmire with no apparent or declared end yet in sight."

Tags:foreign, trade, militia, crisis, antiterrorism, Bali, 9-11, attack

Abstract
The paper shows that despite the biasness of the view that 'Colombia equals drug marketing', the truth remains that much of the world?s cocaine does originate in Colombia. This fact has important consequences for Colombia's standing in the world as well as for its relationship with the United States. This paper examines some of the consequences for the relationship between the two countries since political and economic life in Colombia have become linked to the trade in cocaine. The paper also examines how the war against drugs has been merged with the war against terrorism by the American government.

From the Paper
"The war on drugs (primarily those coming from Colombia) and the war on terrorism are currently linked in American political debate because the same political philosophy supports both and the same governmental infrastructural tools and strategies can be used in both of these wars.

The U.S. government is in fact currently engaged in trying to link the war on drugs with the war on terrorism in the mind of the public not just in the sense that the two are both evils that are currently facing American society and polity but in the sense that there are actual, direct connections between the two."

Tags:antiterrorism, marijuana, cocaine, war, against, drugs, Latin, America

Abstract
This paper discusses the American public's concern over consumer privacy on the internet. The paper examines the heightened focus over consumer privacy as opposed to security, post September 11th, and emphasizes that this is an issue that has impacted American businesses who are faced with the task of reassuring customers that their privacy will be protected. A number of technological products for privacy protection are also described.

From the Paper
"Privacy has always been a long-standing concern of the American public. This concern has recently got even more accentuated post the advent and rapid growth of computer technology: " In 1999, a Business Week/Harris poll reveals that almost two-thirds of non-Internet users would be more likely to use the net if the privacy of their personal information and communications were protected" (CDT's guide to online privacy). In 1998, 31% of consumers stated that they are very concerned that a company would use personal information to send unwanted information back to them. This figure increased by 33% when the same question was posed in 2000. The terrorist attacks of September 11th brought privacy issues even more into the spotlight in the aftermath of the shock and trauma experienced by American citizens, shifting concern over privacy issues to security ones (Audit News, Spring 2002)."

Tags:antiterrorism, 911, countersurveillance

Abstract
This paper examines the role of the Immigration & Naturalization Service (INS) in America and asks the question, why were the terrorists in the country and why were some of them allowed to remain when their immigration visas were not finally approved. It analyzes how the INS processed its applications manually and coupled with the lack of follow-up, and the time it took for data to be entered into the system, the INS procedures were nothing short of a time bomb waiting to go off. It also looks at the lack of cooperation between departments of the government, if the FBI or the CIA were investigating a terrorist suspect, they did not notify the INS and so no action could be taken to deport the alien.

From the Paper
"Unfortunately, two of the men who participated in the attacks, Mohamed Atta and Marwan Alshehhi, did not have official "letters of approval" to participate in their flight schools, the letters were actually sent after the September 11 attacks. Obviously, the system needed revamping. The two men had visitor visas, and were trying to convert them to student visas at the time of the attacks. The system did not work, and obviously that is the reason it is now being studied and revamped."

Tags:911, fbi, cia, INS, antiterrorism

Abstract
This paper discusses how both Congress and interest groups are constantly looking in to new ways to ensure the safety of passengers in the various modes of travel currently available since the 9/11 terrorist attacks. It looks at how Congress and the President have created the Transportation Security Administration and passed new laws in an effort to protect American travelers and how the courts are starting to become active in travel security by awarding large settlements to victims of hotels that don't provide adequate protection. It examines such issues as Congress and air-travel, lapses in security, transport on buses, trains and boats and issues regarding traveling with children and evaluates the air travel security law which addresses having additional air marshals on flights and replacing security screeners with a federal agency, but requires airports to install full explosive detection systems by the end of 2002.

From the Paper
In response to the Congressional mandate of strengthening aviation security, President Bush appointed John W. Magow to the newly created Transportation Security Administration (Nakashima A07). Magow "a former director of the Secret Service and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (Nakashima A07)" was working with the Federal Emergency Management Agency as the executive director of the Office of National Preparedness (Nakashima A07). Magow, whose new title is undersecretary of transportation for security, was appointed with little opposition. He is now responsible for all civil aviation security functions as mandated by Congress."

Tags:Magow, FEMA, Transportation, Security, Administration, antiterrorism