Abstract
The paper provides a summary of the research study by Cernkovich and Giordano entitled ""Stability and Change in Antisocial Behavior: the Transition from Adolescence to Early Adulthood" and looks at the theoretical approaches the authors utilized. The paper explains the three hypotheses that were tested, the results, the study's strengths and weaknesses and finally, the contributions of the study to the field of criminal justice.

Outline:
Summary of the Research Study
Theoretical Approach the Author Utilized
The Hypotheses Being Tested
The Results of the Study
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Study
Contributions the Study Makes to the Field of Criminal Justice

From the Paper
"The study by Cernakovich and Giordano is a longitudinal research that investigated the transition stage that occurs between the period of adolescence and young adulthood based on responses coming from two sample populations--household and institutional (2001). The household respondents were 721 of 942 youth 12-19 years old from a 1982 household study living in private households in Toledo, Ohio. They were followed up in 1992 and were either personally interviewed or asked to complete and mail questionnaires. The institutional sample population was from three male juvenile institutions in Ohio and the entire population of the only female juvenile institution in that state. Two-hundred fifty-four of them were personally interviewed in 1982 and were followed up in 1992, where a total of 210 respondents were re-interviewed."

Tags:latent, trait, life-course, models, delinquents, offenders, adulthood

Abstract
This paper discusses the impact of schools and family on future deviant or criminal behavior and discusses the proven correlation between negative school and family environments and future deviant or criminal behavior. It describes risk factors for adolescents and the development of antisocial behavior. The paper looks at the role of escape conditioning during family interactions in the development of aggressive and antisocial behavior and discusses the application of the social learning theory.

From the Paper
"According to Williams (2000) Long Beach school officials found that in the year following implementation of the school uniform policy, overall school crime decreased thirty-six percent, fights decreased fifty-one percent, sex offenses decreased seventy-four percent, weapons offenses decreased fifty percent, assault and battery offenses decreased thirty-four percent, and vandalism decreased eighteen percent. Unexpectedly, fewer than one percent of the students have elected to opt out of the uniform policy."
"Some school systems have allowed students to decide whether to wear uniform clothing, but others have determined that a mandatory school uniform policy with no opt out provision is necessary to address a disruptive atmosphere. According to Cruz (2001) a Phoenix, Arizona school, for example, adopted a mandatory uniform policy requiring all of its students to wear school uniforms, or if they choose to defy the policy, attend another public school. Encouragingly, this Phoenix school uniform policy was recently upheld by a state trial court."

Tags:offense, violence, aggression, delinquency

Abstract
This paper examines existing research to discuss antisocial behavior in females with co-morbid diagnoses of ADHD and conduct disorder. It explains the fundamentals of both conditions and the factors that led to the association of males with the disorders.

From the Paper
"Detention centers and residential treatment facilities are replete with male and female youth that have been in and out of the juvenile justice system for many years. Although the majority of the populations in these facilities are male, the number of female juvenile offenders is continually increasing. Many of the children in these facilities have a history of behavioral difficulties that may or may not have been diagnosed during much of their childhood."

Tags:cd, rules, attention, deficit, hyperactivity, juvenile, offense, inattention, impulsivity

Abstract
The paper conducts a criminological study of the psychological background of Andrei Chikatilo through his familial, social, and legal diagnosis as a serial killer. The diagnosis of APD details the necessary elements of antisocial behavior that are oft linked with deviant social behaviors that resulted in Chikatilo murdering nearly 50 women over a long period of time. The paper shows how the impulse for these murders lay within his abuse as a child, as well as the social circumstances with women that defined his rage and sexual impotency when committing these acts.

Tags:serial, killer, murder

Abstract
A report based on a study conducted into the association between substance abuse behavior and antisocial behavior. The paper reviews the results from a sample of 72 adolescent males remanded to a residential treatment facility in Delaware. Conclusions drawn include that juvenile crime is prevalent in our society and that it is increasing and that substance abuse is a strong component in the commission of juvenile crime.

From the Paper
"While the reviewed literature indicates a connection between antisocial behavior and substance abuse that may be the result of personality, genetics, and demographic factors, it is important to evaluate the general quality of the existing studies in order to determine how much confidence to place in these findings. In this regard, there are some problems."

Tags:personality, disorder, treatment, overdose, crime

Abstract
The paper relates that Antisocial Personality Disorder has a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. The paper mentions that the average age of that Antisocial Personality Disorders appear is 15, and if three or more of the DSM IV criteria are present in and around the age of 15 the likelihood of Antisocial Personality Disorder is high (Moran 25).

From the Paper
"Antisocial Personality Disorder has a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others. The average age of that Antisocial Personality Disorders appear is 15. If three or more of the DSM IV criteria are present in and around the age of 15 the likelihood of Antisocial Personality Disorder is high (Moran 25). The DSM IV criteria include: * Failure to conform to social norms as these norms relate to lawful behaviors."

Tags:antisocial, behavior, disorder

Abstract
This paper explores the connections between criminality and deviant behavior in individuals who commit crimes in the United States. The paper suggests that the rapid rise in crime in the US has much to do with the rise of deviant behavior, which is also known as antisocial personality disorder. The paper discusses the psychology of antisocial personality disorder.

From the Paper
"As previously mentioned, the rise in criminality as it relates to deviant behavior represents a very serious threat to American society and culture and to the very foundations of American democracy. According to Peter J. Loudson, the actual number of rapes, robberies, armed assaults, burglaries and other violent forms of crime experienced by Americans in 1993 totaled 43,622,006; between 1985 and 1993, the murder rate increased by 65% among men eighteen to twenty-four years of age and climbed an astonishing 165% among male children between fourteen and seventeen years of age (2001, 139). In 1992, there were more than 6 million violent crimes committed by these two groups of males, predominantly by those in the former group. However, less than half of these violent crimes were reported to law enforcement officials and only about 170,000 of the perpetrators of these crimes were ever convicted and sent to prison (Loudson, 2001, 140)."

Tags:APD, behavior, aggression, crime

Abstract
The paper examines whether Antisocial Personality Disorder is influenced more by Nature or by Nurture. The paper explains that it is necessary to first offer a brief definition of this disorder, for doing so will frame the discussion and provide a focus for analysis. The paper relates that as a chronic behavioral disorder, Antisocial Personality Disorder can be identified and diagnosed by determining whether behavioral and relationship patterns have been interfering with the subject's life over many years.

Tags:antisocial, personality, disorder

Abstract
This paper discusses antisocial personality disorder, which refers to a chronic condition whereby people exhibit no concern for the rights of others. It describes the signs and symptoms of the disorder, as well as its possible causes. It then looks at risk factors associated with the disorder. Finally, the paper discusses diagnosis and assessment of the disorder, as well as treatment options.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Signs and Symptoms
Causes
Risk Factors
When to Seek Medical Advice
Screening and Diagnosis
Complications
Treatment
Prevention
Coping Skills

From the Paper
"Psychotherapy enables people with antisocial personality disorder to develop needed interpersonal skills as well as a code of ethics. The problem with psychotherapy is that it is based in a strong therapist-patient relationship. Establishing such a relationship is a problem because the person is usually angry and emotionally unstable. They have problems with interpersonal skills and are impulsive. Group therapy is sometimes an option. When there is a high risk of self-harm or harm to others, people with antisocial personality disorder may be hospitalized so that they can be monitored at all times."

Tags:patient, sociopath, psychopath, behavior

Abstract
This paper presents a case study which illustrates how latent traits and environmental factors combine to create delinquent behavior. Specifically, the paper explores the family life of a troubled teen and the failed interventions which sought to rescue him from a life of crime. The paper also looks at the consequences of the young person's actions and considers how his behavior fits in with orthodox descriptions of delinquent behavior. Finally, the paper discusses and analyzes the social control theory and the self-control theory which offer potential explanations for his behavior and suggests that one of them appears to offer a more accurate insight into "Steven's" plight than the other.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Self-Control Theory and Delinquent Behavior

From the Paper
"Ultimately, this writer believes that both the social control theory and the self-control theory offer significant explanations for Steve's delinquency. However, the self-control theory actually appears rather more pertinent insofar as Steven was, by all accounts, a rebellious and even violent child from a very early age. As well, it is commonly known that his parents were dominant factors in his early life - because of social isolation, he spent far more time with them than with anyone else (he was, in fact, home-schooled at one point by his mother) - and both Steven's father and his grandfather had serious "run-ins" with the law. This evidence suggests that a genetic predisposition to antisocial behavior may run in the family and, to the extent this is true, then Steven's problems are the manifestation of a latent trait that has always been there and perhaps will always be there."

Tags:rebellious, social, violence, antisocial