Abstract
This paper will discuss Palladio's life and art with respect to his interest in the architecture of classical Roman antiquity. It will be argued that from his earliest encounters with the monuments of classical Rome while a young apprentice, to his renewed engagement with classical forms as a mature architect, Palladio's work was profoundly influenced by the architecture of antiquity. Beginning with an analysis of Palladio's first contact with the antique, the application of his acquired knowledge in this regard will be studied with respect to some of his major works.

Abstract
This paper explains that poetry, pottery and philosophy leave no doubt as to the acceptability of homosexuality in antiquity; however, it is difficult to estimate just how much it was valued. The author points out that the sexuality of the Roman male centered on three traditional protocols governing sexual practices: (1) A self-respecting Roman man must always give the appearance of playing the insertive, and not the receptive, role in penetrative acts; (2) apart from his wife, freeborn Romans were officially off-limits as sexual partners for a Roman man and (3) there was a noticeable proclivity toward smooth young bodies. The paper suggests that homosexual affairs took place between men of comparable age and some of them lasted many years; however, it is not clear if affairs continued after either party married: Other men were for emotional relationships but alliances and children depended on women.

From the Paper
"The Romans were living before either a sin or medical model of homosexuality and while aware of differing inclinations did not consider these important enough to establish a separate social category. Exclusive preference for one sex or the other was not an issue and most men we hear about liked both. In Rome of the early Empire, there were many men who threw off the conventions of traditional Roman manhood and instead assumed an "effeminate" appearance and manner, thereby, in the usual case, advertising their eagerness for sexual encounters with other males. These were the molles and the cinaedi. Their numbers cannot even be guessed, but, in a city of a million persons, they might easily have numbered in the tens of thousands. The Apostle Paul, with his usual provincial primness, adduces overt homosexual behavior as his chief example of the capital's decadence."

Tags:pederasty, penetrative, marrage, preference, penis

Abstract
This paper examines the issue of status in ancient Rome, Athens, and Sparta in terms of how it evolved and its similarities to the world today. The thesis is that modernity is not far removed from antiquity.

Abstract
The thesis of this paper is that the efforts undertaken by the senatorial aristocracy in Rome to preserve its identity between 350 and 395, were subverted by the political and religious opposition of the East Roman emperors and the Church. The paper explains that when Diocletian split the Roman Empire, he sealed the fate of the Roman West as effectively as the barbarians in 476.

From the Paper
"The thesis of this paper is that the efforts undertaken by the senatorial aristocracy in Rome to preserve its identity between 350 and 395, were subverted by the political and religious opposition of the East Roman emperors and the Church.. When Diocletian split the Roman Empire, he sealed the fate of the Roman West as effectively as the barbarians in 476. Yet, as Rome in late antiquity "was for the most part a city without an imperial presence", there is a particular poignancy to "the sacred Senate" and the Rome of that era. "The city's Senators were, for many authors, an embodiment of..."

Tags:senatorial, aristocracy, rome

Abstract
This paper examines the efforts undertaken by the senatorial aristocracy in Rome to preserve its identity between 350 and 395. The paper explains that these efforts were subverted by the political and religious opposition of the East Roman emperors and the Church. The paper looks at how the issue to preserve the Roman Senate's identity was fundamentally a means to restore the Senate to play a political role in the new Empire. The paper then points out that the political reality, however, and the anti-pagan religious fundamentalism made it quite clear that there was no such accommodation for the Roman West.

From the Paper
"When Diocletian split the Roman Empire, he sealed the fate of the Roman West as effectively as the barbarians in 476. Yet, as Rome in late antiquity "was for the most part a city without an imperial presence" , there is a particular poignancy to "the sacred Senate" and the Rome of that era. "The city's Senators were, for many authors, an embodiment of all that was venerable about Rome" . Ammanius says that once the interminable civil wars of the third century (235-284) had ended, "the white hair of the senators and their authority are revered and the name of the Roman people is respected and honored" . "The Eternal City" retained its symbolic resonance as the center of civilization even in defeat. "Odovacar...a German, ruled in Italy as "rex" ([and] "maintained the Roman administrative system" ."

Tags:paganisim, senators, symbolic, eternal, city, honor

Abstract
This paper provides a complimentary view of Amitav Ghosh's "In an Antique Land" (1992) in relation to present trends in postcolonialism, subaltern studies and signficant, neglected methodological problems to which Ghosh gives direct attention. The paper discusses the travelogue format addressing the subject of his early 1980s thesis research but also the ethnographic criticism of life in an Egyptian village. The paper looks at the cultural insights, the discussion of imperialism, memory and shared awareness.

From the Paper
"Amitav Ghosh (B. 1956) belongs to a particular generation of scholars to stress post colonialism's models in deciphering the past. The work discussed in this paper, however, is far more interesting than most work of the kind in its allegory to do with the preparation of a social anthropology doctoral dissertation by an Oxonian of considerable humanism. Ghosh is by no means limited to theory-driven approaches and manages to convey to the reader the isolation, trials, and fascinations of writing on..."

Tags:ghosh, a, in an antique land, method/memory

Abstract
In this article, the writer evaluates the accounting controls in place at Claire's Antiques and makes recommendations regarding strategic planning and monitoring. The writer looks at the company's desire to expand and factors that hinder this.

From the Paper
"Claire's Antiques has done well by selling niche products that have distinct markets. The company intends to expand but it recognizes that it does not necessarily have the right processes in place to help with its expansion. At this point for example the company pays an outside accounting firm to prepare quarterly financial statements in accordance with SEC rules and regulations but since the VP of Operations does not review these the awkward situation develops where shareholders may have a more informed view ..."

Tags:accounting, controls, antiques, planning, SEC

Abstract
The paper examines Ghosh's "In an Antique Land" and Abu-Lughod's "Veiled Sentiments" and shows how both authors involve themselves personally in their works. The paper then illustrates how although both authors spend time on similar subjects such as religious practices and common every day living in society, their choice of focus is entirely different. The paper relates that Ghosh's focus is not only on his journey, the people and the culture but in how he is changed from his experience, while Abu-Lughod's work is not a personal exploration but is a study done to uncover some fundamental truth about the Bedouin society.

From the Paper
"Ghosh presents his research very much in the same style as a novel. His delightful play of words and metaphors as well as similes keep the reader entertained as well as spell-bound to find out the next occurrence of the people with whom Ghosh surrounds himself. Ghosh's inclusion of himself into his story and research is exceptionally well done both in its translation of human social skills but also in the allowance to his audience in relating the first hand experience his journey has been.
"In Ghosh's narrative is the element of Diaspora, language and the land as seen through the eyes of foreigner. As such, the land is reevaluated through its people; through the people that Ghosh meets upon his journey. Ghosh gives definition to the land, through the culture of the people. He writes that it is through the people that a history can be fathomed; through their daily routine and interchange with each other there exists the past of the nation, the nation's identity as expressed through conversation, nuances, and facial expression all found with the people; in Lataifa's case the expression of past and culture is found with Ghosh's landlord Abu-'Ali."

Tags:Lafaita, culture, Bedouins, anthropology, society

Abstract
This paper traces the Orpheus myth from its emergence in the literature of antiquity in Apollonius' "Argonautica", Virgil's "Georgics" and Ovid's "Metamorphosis" to its evolution into the modern world in Rilke's "Sonnets to Orpheus", the film "Black Orpheus" and Tennessee Williams' "Orpheus Descending". Next, the author illustrates that the idea of Orpheus being an enchanter, who is able to touch overwhelmingly all of nature and humankind by charming beings to their depths, is the core of all of these works. The paper concludes that the most important theme from the myth of Orpheus is the archetypal artist, not because of universality of the enchantment of his music, but because his journey to the Underworld is a powerful parable of the artistic process. Included in the paper are illustrations and many quotations.

From the Paper
"Eurydice and Orpheus fall in love and enjoy carnival until a freak incident, staged by Death and Mira kills her. Instead of the mythic snake, she's bitten by the electrical charge of a hot street car wire activated by Orpheus, Broken by his loss, Orpheus searches for Eurydice, finding the underworld down a long spiral staircase, where in a bizarre Macumba ceremony, an old woman speaks to him in Eurydice's voice, telling him not to look at her, or she will die. He looks, she collapses, and Orpheus runs off. Orpheus finally finds Eurydice at the morgue and carries her to the mountain top."

Tags:rhodes singing, poetic tribute, play film

Abstract
This undergraduate level research paper examines the lives of the female Biblical and Martyrs of Christian antiquity and their significance to Christianity, literature, and history. It utilizes both scholarly and Biblical sources to describe such Martyrs as Perpetua and Felicity. The paper concludes that there was, indeed, special significance attached to the gender of the martyrs.