Abstract This paper discusses the concept of anti-racist education that has been introduced in Ontario, Canada. It describes the historical context of the policy and discusses the possible positive and negative outcomes of adhering to it. The paper argues that school leaders need to do more than adhere to policy guidelines or the adages of public interest groups working to end racism's sway in society. Instead, the paper contends that school leaders must be able to approach anti-racist education creatively and in a manner that respects and encourages student and staff interest in difference while also stressing the reality of racism or discrimination.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Understanding the Historical Context
Racial 'Identity'
Proactive and Constructive School Cultures
Canadian Variations
Who is Responsible for Racism?
Generating a School Culture
Anti-racism and Multiculturalism
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper "Anti-racism and anti-racist education should be operative ideals promoting a dynamic or spirit, within school settings, beyond a mere ideology of anti-racism. The term of 'inter-racism' mentioned earlier may be helpful towards a vision of desired diversity that is respectful and appreciative in its philosophy and idea of civil society. Educators, as ever, need to lead by example, and should engage in outreach to the surrounding community in ways providing information and activities to explain what a school promotes in its particular culture. Attention to specific histories is conducive to recognition, expanding anti-racism well beyond sloppy notions of 'white' or 'mainstream' versus the non-white or 'marginal', all the while cultivating a sensitivity to difference that may shape opportunity and life experience."
Abstract This paper will discuss three books: Lindgren's "Pippi Longstocking", Paula Fox's "The Slave Dancer" and Theodore Taylor's "The Cay". It will be shown how true racism can be hidden in an apparently "innocent" text, while another work for children - that appears racist in many respects - may be reinterpreted as an exceptional work of anti-racist literature. .
Abstract This paper will argue that Canadian attitudes towards Asian migrants is subtly (and sometimes, not so subtly) racist with respect to their contribution to this country. Although Chinese workers have literally helped build this nation from the time of its foundation, they have never received credit for this. In particular, an anti-racist feminist analysis will reveal how the lives and work of women of Asian descent in Canada has been defined for generations by a complex intertwining of racist and sexist stereotypes.
Abstract This paper explains that, while Herman Melville's "Benito Cereno", published just a few years prior to the Civil War and in the midst of a fierce national debate over slavery, is based on an actual event. Captain Delano's thoughts are embellished by Melville to make the theme of the story the institution of slavery. The author points out that the racism in the novel stands out because the black slaves are portrayed in an excessively evil manner. The paper concludes that Melville's failed attempt at writing an anti-racist novel is simply a result of the inability to see blacks in any other way than inferior because Melville was simply a product of his time.
From the Paper "Race is one of the most significant issues of the twentieth century and when dealing with older texts it is always a tricky issue, and many have argued that the novel is one shown from an abolitionist point of view because it is relaying a message to the whites how blacks can rebel when forced into servitude. Though some passages in the story are to be taken as a mocking towards the way southern whites thought of blacks, there are passages that simply cannot be taken as anything else then an insult because it was the reality of the times."
Abstract The paper discusses the nature of anti-racism and traces its roots as far back as literature will allow. The paper attempts to understand the nature of racism today and why the anti-racism movement seems to have had less influence than is believed on the historical standard of racism and exclusivity of power. The paper answers the question: Why was the influence of racism greater than that of anti-racism, and is racism still the dominant sociological thought or, is the culture finally seeking a more egalitarian standard and structure?
From the Paper "Though racist acts can also be derived from beliefs built in true racism, as many would argue, saying something is different is not the same as saying something is less than, even though the resulting laws and regulations give the distinct impression at varying times that this is true. To many, and especially to those who have been separated and subjugated, based on race the concepts are one in the same as many argue the idea that "separate is not necessarily equal." In many ways this is very true as the dominant culture will allocate resources and opportunities for its own race above another and the resulting situation, as is seen in early reformation and even reactionary "Jim Crow laws" the nature of separate creating a sense of inferiority and subsequent superiority as a result of the fact that most municipalities have a difficult time allocating resources to one infrastructure, let alone two separate ones. It can be argued that those in power when given a fixed set of resources will always allocate more for its own than for others."
Tags:racist, society, ancient, vintage, resources, opportunities, archaic, feudal, system
Abstract This essay argues that Ernest Hemingway's "The Sun Also Rises" is anti-Semitic in terms of its treatment of the character Robert Cohn. Cohn is painted in a negative light and none of the characters like him. Cohn is the anti-hero, yet he has Jewishness intentionally imposed upon him. In this respect, "The Sun Also Rises" involves anti-Semitism.
Abstract The following assignment is for a third year sociology course. The topic discussed is collective social behaviour. The collective social behavior examined in this assignment is anti-war demonstrations. The writer uses social contagion theory and emergent norm theory in order to examine the nature of anti-war demonstrations.
From the Paper "Collective behavior is a very broad area of study. For example, in Collective Behavior Erich Goode states, 'Rumors and legends, fads, and collective protest- these and other social phenomena make up the subject matter of the field of collective Behavior'. Collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous, unstructured, extra institutional behavior of a fairly large number of individuals. The fact that collective behavior is such a diverse area of study means that many activities can be used to examine it. For this paper, demonstrations against the war in Iraq or anti-war demonstrations as they are commonly called will be used to examine many of the theories about collective behavior."
Abstract This paper summarizes the debate between the Federalists and Anti-federalists of the constitutional congress. It suggests some ongoing problems in American public life which demonstrate the main issues which drove that debate, far from being resolved during the constitution's ratification, continue to resonate in current events. This paper discusses the Ratification Debate and the major issues which drove the debate between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists: Distribution of power, protection of rights, limitations of institutions and the ongoing Relevance.
From the Paper "In the last few days of September in 1787, the Confederation Congress met to debate and construct a new Constitution of the United States. The document they wrote and sent for ratification to the thirteen states that made up the newly-formed country was intended to replace the Articles of Confederation that had ordered the nation since its inception. The nation was reaching a crisis point, as the experiment had been going poorly. Surprisingly, perhaps, the problem was not one of the many possible economic problems that new nations are likely to experience when reconstructing after a long and difficult war. As Gordon Wood (1969) argues, the general economy was running well and people felt comfortable and even prosperous (p. 395). Rather, the concerns that brought the nation's leading politicians together were primarily political. "
Abstract This paper discusses how in terms of ideologies, actions, and goals that exist, or should exist in order for the anti-globalization movement to develop into a successful global social movement, there is general agreement that there must be a greater emphasis on social and political issues such as gender equality, and economic issues such as product music and entertainment product copyright protection. The paper further discusses that these are only two of a multitude of important issues that need to be addressed, but they reflect the anti-globalization movement's fundamental goal of protecting the social, political, and economic rights of individuals, groups, and societies as globalization expands. For example, globalization has presented many challenges and opportunities for the transnational women's movement.
A discussion on the way that the punk subculture re-emerged in recent years in response to the rise of the far right in Switzerland and as part of the international anti-fascist and anti-globalization movements.
Abstract The paper focuses on the evolution of punk and its mutation into the more politically charged anarcho-punk movement and explores the violent side of the extreme left - both as an international force and in particular in Switzerland. The paper then discusses the Bern-based Antifa Switzerland group and explores the motivations of the Black Bloc anarchists. The paper highlights the use of violence in the anti-fascist movement and the connection between today's violent anarcho-punks with the ideals of the original punk movement. Several photographs are included with the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Punk's First Wave
Punk Arrives in Switzerland
Switzerland, Anarcho-Punk, and Post-war Politics in the 21st Century
Conclusion
From the Paper "The media, however, interpreted the punks' image, music, and reckless behavior as a real threat to the status quo. This culminated in December of 1976 when the Sex Pistols and members of the Bromley Contingent appeared on the Bill Grundy television show in England. At the time of this momentous event, punk was still in its early stages. The public-at-large had little way of knowing about punk at the time. What they saw was a group of extravagantly dressed young people, visibly intoxicated, who took relish in using offensive words and insulting the host of the program in a manner that went way beyond the accepted morals of the time. The Bill Grundy episode would spiral the fledgling youth subculture into the wider cultural spotlight. At that point, punk was no longer a tiny subculture, but a mass media spectacle that would shock the conservative British public and inspire similar-minded youth all over the world."
Argues that over-prescribing anti-depressants world-wide could prevent rape survivors from seeking and receiving treatment for depression and other mental health diseases.
Abstract This paper contends that the skyrocketing number of prescriptions for anti-depressants recently has caused some to worry that patients, such as rape victims, who could benefit from the addition of medication in their recovery, might not be able to get the much-needed medicine.
From the Paper "The recent FDA decision regarding SSRI's (Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors) has caused the medical community to scale down anti-depressant prescriptions in recent months. This project in intended to shed light on the growing problem of over-prescribing anti-depressants and the effects that ultimately could prevent rape survivors from receiving the much needed medications they need for recovery."
Abstract This paper looks at Conrad's "Heart of Darkness" from a historical perspective and argues that Conrad's views were both anti-imperialist and stereotypical as well as racist of the West and non-West.
From the Paper "Conrad's work examines the struggles between civilization and savagery, nature and progress, cannibalism against culture, Christianity versus magic: all these opposites and others battle in the dense undergrowth of the narrative. Although it may seem that in Heart of Darkness, Conrad is expressing anti-imperialist sentiment, a deeper theme may lie beneath. Conrad may be critiquing society as a whole, using imperialism as a means because it was the strongest example of what was evil in society in his time. Thus, by examining Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness in its historical context, it is evident that Conrad's views are both anti-imperialist and stereotypical and racist of the West and non-West. "
Tags:anti, congo, imperialist, non, stereotypical, west
Abstract This paper introduces and analyzes Howards's book about racism in public education and then, using examples from the book, demonstrates that Howards's goal is to make educators aware of the existing racist phenomena in schools and teaching centers, as well as help them identify possible means by which such racism can be fought.
From the Paper "If we are to refer to the author's own experience, we should start by mentioning perhaps his first cultural conflict, as he relates it. Speaking about identity, he identifies his great grandfather's farm in Minnesota to be one of the focal points of his cultural heritage. Land represents for Gary Howard, as for many other American families, a place where the roots of the family come together and where a common identity is formed. However, he discovered that the lands that his family presently owns were once in the possession of the Ojibwa tribe and that, unconsciously and indirectly, he was one of the beneficiaries of racial exploitation that has marked America for the last centuries."
Abstract This study focuses on racially motivated bullying acts and try to determine how often they occur and what the possible motivator is behind them. The paper explains why interviewing was chosen as the methodology to determine the frequency, level and cause of such events. The paper maintains that this study will provide valuable information to future school administrators and counselors that develop anti-bullying programs for their student bodies.
Outline:
Introduction
Methods
Data Analysis
Ethical Issues
Conclusion
From the Paper "There has been scientific evidence that bullied students have more physical symptoms including headaches, stomach aches and lack of sleep. In a survey of Australian secondary school students the research team found that victimized students had an across the board higher incidence of poor health and health issues that were not experienced by those who had not been bullied."
""Although these physical consequences are concerning, most of the harm caused by bullying is emotional in nature(Smaby, 2005). A study of the effects of bullying on psychiatric symptoms found victims and perpetrators to both suffer mental health consequences years after the bullying occurred(Smaby, 2005).""
